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SINO-US STRATEGIC COMPETITION IN THE INDO-PACIFIC: EXPLORING RESPONSES FROM MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
No full textThe Indo-Pacific region has emerged as a significant global focal point due to the increasing influence exerted by China and the UnitedStates. In light of the dynamic nature of the global geopolitical landscape, Malaysia and Indonesia, as two prominent Southeast Asianstates, find themselves at the nexus of this competition. China and the United States are two regional superpowers which have strategically positioned themselves in the Indo-Pacific. A systematic literature review was conducted to examine the crucial role of Indonesia and Malaysia in the context of the escalating Sino-US strategic competition in the Indo-Pacific region. By focusing on research articles, books and reports, this work explored the policy and strategic outlook, methodological approaches and methods underpinning Indo-Pacific discourse in Indonesia and Malaysia. The methodology adopted for this review was systematic by following the seven stages suggested by Petticrew and Roberts (2008). This review’s findings indicated the diverse range of theories, methodologies, practical strategies, and approaches that scholars have employed in examining the roles of Indonesia and Malaysia in the Indo-Pacific region. Consequently, this paper broadens the scope for scholars by expounding upon the strategic outlook of Indonesia and Malaysia within the Indo-Pacific discourse, along with the various methodological and theoretical frameworks and conceptual models that may inform future research endeavours. This study was however, limited to gathering input from journal articles, books, book chapters, and reports, and excluding other sources such as conference papers and op-eds. Furthermore, thescope of studies accessed was limited to data available from 2013 to September 2023
CLOSING THE GENDER GAP IN THE MINING SECTOR: THE INCLUSIVE PRACTICES
No full textMultinational corporations (MNCs) are increasingly involved in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiative to enhance the quality of life in host countries. Gender equality (SDG 5) is the key focus. This study examines how MNCs in the male-dominated mining industry in Thailand and Laos promote gender equality through their policies and practices. Using a qualitative approach, we investigated the experiences of stakeholders in the mining sector. Our findings reveal significant gender disparities in employment, health, and vocational opportunities. While MNCs are making efforts to address these issues, the complex interplay of stakeholders and cultural factors influences progress. To effectively advance gender equality, this research suggests a shift in focus towards strategies that actively engage women in diverse business roles. Providing women with the necessary skills and knowledge is essential for their growth and empowerment within the mining industry.
The Effect Climate Change and Household Consumption Expenditure Growth in African Countries: A Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) Approach
No full textThe issue of climate change has gained attention in the international space for almost a decade with institution reviewing some of the tactics to reduce its surge effect on household. This study investigates the effect of climate change on household consumption expenditure using data set from fifty four (54) African countries span 2013 to 2022. This study seeks to employ the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) and the result of the study indicates that there is a short run relationship. the coefficient lag value of household consumption expenditure at several lags are statistically significant and are best instruments to be included in the model. The coefficient Co2 emission has a positive and statistical significant effect on household consumption. Temperature economic globalization and social globalization have a negative but non significant effect on household consumption expenditure. Political globalization has a positive but non significant effect on household consumption expenditure in African countries.  
Rural youth entrepreneurial aspiration: An assessment of TPB and self-efficacy
No full textThis study examines the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention among rural youth in Malaysia, focusing on the roles of attitude, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms, and self-efficacy within the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Hence, TPB framework is proposed to be applied into rural contexts, it explores how self-efficacy interacts with psychological and social factors to shape entrepreneurial aspirations This study employed a quantitative approach, where valid data from 346 respondents were collected through an electronic survey over eight weeks. The subsequent analysis conducted with SPSS 24 and SmartPLS 4.0, tested ten proposed hypotheses. The findings reveal significant positive correlations between all three attitudinal factors (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) and entrepreneurial intention, with self-efficacy identified as a key mediator. Despite potential reservations about entrepreneurship, rural youth with higher self-efficacy are more likely to pursue entrepreneurial activities, emphasizing the importance of self-belief in fostering entrepreneurial success. The study highlights managerial implications, advocating for targeted self-efficacy enhancement programs such as entrepreneurship training and mentorship, as well as policies that provide access to resources and support networks tailored to rural youth. However, a limitation of the study is the lack of exploration into strategies for building self-efficacy. Future research should explore innovative methods, such as virtual reality (VR) simulations, to further enhance self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions
ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS (PESANTREN) INNOVATION IN PREVENTING VIOLENCE AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT: CASE STUDY IN THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA
No full textIn Indonesia, in addition to formal education, informal education is also known as pesantren. Pesantren is a place where people studyIslam, explore the Qur’an and Sunnah of the Prophet and other worship. In addition to studying religious knowledge, it is notuncommon for pesantren to have collaborated with formal education. In Indonesia, pesantren is the choice for the community for theprovision of educational services. Resident students are one of the main characteristics of pesantren. Unfortunately, this characteristicturns out to be the main cause of several cases of violence and sexual harassment in pesantren. The Indonesian National Commission for Women noted that during 2017-2021 there were 16 cases of sexual violence in pesantren. Meanwhile, BBC News reported that in early 2023 at least 4 cases had been revealed. This condition is very sad and makes pesantren have to improve themselves. How do pesantren innovate to prevent sexual violence and harassment? This study used a qualitative approach, data collection using literature study and deep interview techniques. In-depth interviews were conducted with 3 managers of large pesantren in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data were analysed through descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the analysis show that to prevent violence and sexual harassment in pesantren, strengthening the joint commitment to protect each other between students, caregivers and managers is the main thing in the management of a pesantren
RURAL BANDITRY AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA (2017-2022): A STUDY OF OYO AND ONDO STATES
No full textGovernment in an ideal society strives to promptly crush security challenges like banditry with a view to safeguarding human rights of the people but regrettably the reverse is the case in Nigeria. This study investigated the effect of rural banditry on human rights in Oyo and Ondo States, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and quantitative method using self-structured questionnaire to collect data. A total of 400 respondents were sampled adopting stratified random sampling technique while ANOVA analysis was used to test the research hypotheses of the study. The study revealed that rural banditry activities violated the freedom of movement, rights to privacy, property, human dignity, liberty and security of life, among other civil and political rights of the people in Oyo and Ondo States. It also disclosed that rural banditry grossly violated the freedom of religion, rights to education, property as well as social and cultural rights of the people in Oyo and Ondo States. The study concluded that rural banditry activities like kidnapping, robbery, village raids, hostage and ransom taking, maiming and murder, among others severely impacted on the rights of people in both Oyo and Ondo States. The study recommended that government should establish special court to try and swiftly deal with the cases of banditry while Amotekun security outfit, which was established to confront the menace should be empowered through intensive training and supply of adequate and modern weapons and equipment.
Research on the Sustainable Development of Tourism in Hebei Province from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization
No full textEvaluating and studying the sustainable development level of regional tourism under the strategy of rural revitalization is of pivotal importance to achieving sustainable and high-quality regional economic development.This paper measures the sustainable development of tourism in Hebei Province from 2010 to 2020 by constructing a set of evaluation indicators consisting of five secondary indicators of resource endowment, ecological support, social environment, infrastructure and urban construction, and 18 tertiary indicators, using the entropy-TOPSIS method. The results show that the greening coverage index has the greatest influence on the sustainable development level of tourism in Hebei Province and is the most representative; from 2010 to 2014, the sustainable development level of tourism fluctuates and decreases, while from 2015 to 2020, it increases year by year. At the same time, the SWOT analysis is combined with corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, aiming to improve the sustainable development of tourism in Hebei Province, help the revitalisation of the countryside to seek common prosperity, and create a new growth pole for the comprehensive competitiveness of the regional economy
EXPLORING THE VIEWS OF MALAYSIAN HOTELIERS ABOUT SURVIVAL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
No full textThe sudden new crown pneumonia epidemic has had a huge impact on tourism, as well as hospitality industry in Malaysia. This paper analyses the views and reaction in crisis management practices pursued by hotel managers for business survival during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, in-depth interviews were carried out on the managers of Malaysian hotels (five managers from 3-star hotels, and four managers from 5-star hotels). The results indicated that the labour actions (e.g., unpaid leave, salary cut and layoff) were the first and most favour by hotels to respond to the COVID-19. However, it causes the shortage of manpower when the hospitality industry resumes back at the recent stage. This is one of the main challenges faced by hoteliers. Digital marketing and promotion were another strategy implemented by hotels to increase occupancy rate during the pandemic. In addition, views on government supports to the hotels during the pandemic were also identified
ENSURING SUSTAINABLE WAQF-ZAKAT MICROTAKAFUL PROTECTION THROUGH A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH
No full textThe Islamic financial ecosystems, such as zakat and waqf, have roles in tackling poverty and can be integrated into providing financial protection, such as death benefits to the poor through microtakaful. However, unpredictable payouts and irregular contributions can hinder the implementation of microtakaful, affecting cash flows. This paper employs a system dynamics approach to simulate the cash flows of microtakaful funds, emphasizing the influence of three key factors: the rate of new participants, the mortality rate, and the contribution rate. Note that this approach is chosen for its ability to model complex systems and predict the behavior of microtakaful funds over time. The data collected were from various institutions, including the Life Insurance Association of Malaysia (LIAM), the Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM), and the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) from 2018 to 2020. The model indicates a minimum contribution rate of RM130 per year, with a 2% mortality rate and 0.8% annual increase in the new participants. The model serves as a foundation for designing a simple and understandable non-profit microtakaful product
STUDY ON THE COMPOSITION AND SINGING CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINESE ANCIENT POETRY CHORAL WORKS
No full textABSTRACT
The study of the creation and singing characteristics of ancient poetic choral works involves the study of ancient poetic art, choral art, harmonic composition, song singing, conducting techniques and artistic development, which is a very challenging research topic. This is mainly due to the special characteristics of the subject matter itself. As an art that encompasses a wide range of subjects, chorus itself has many characteristics in terms of connotation and extension. As the most important element of choral art, the combination of choral composition and singing characteristics can emphasize the characteristics and style of choral art. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the choral works of ancient poems composed since the emergence of Chinese choral art, organize them into categories, then analyze their characteristics, and then summarize the corresponding singing characteristics of different styles, periods and genres, so as to come up with a complete system of ancient poems composition and singing characteristics. By combining qualitative research with quantitative research and through interviews with experts, the various weaves of this system are further refined. The results of this study will help to present some innovative ideas and help in the current field of Chinese ancient poetry choral works. It will be of some guidance to some scholars engaged in the art of mass choral singing as well as introductory choral conducting