UUM e-journals System (Universiti Utara Malaysia)
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STUDENT PERSPECTIVE TOWARD ENERGY CONSERVATION IN UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA
No full textClimate change and global warming are crucial problems due to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions cause by fossil fuels consumption. Malaysia has a sustainable power mix but the industry and transportation sectors rely on fossil fuels to generate electricity. Energy conservation are important to improve or change the behavior of people in order to minimize energy usage because humans cannot longer rely on conventional energy sources. Due to the impact of climate change and global warning problems. The objectives of this study are (1) to determine the current practices of energy conservation among UUM students and (2) to investigate the relationship between current practices and energy conservation perspectives among UUM students. This study focuses on Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) students\u27 academic session A221, which is semester 1 to semester 7 students. Researchers have used quantitative methods, the questionnaire was distributed using Google form that uploaded on social media and will receiving answers. A survey was conducted with 377 understudies to get information. The analysis was using statistical software package (SPSS) of software for using in data analysis. The results show the mean of attitude with total mean 31.87 is higher than the level of awareness, energy conservation knowledge and subjective norms, which mean that attitude is most influences perspective of students to energy conservation. Besides, the relationship between level of awareness, energy conservation knowledge, attitude and subjective norms are positive correlated. Based on the results and discussion, energy saving intervention strategies are proposed for student accommodation. Government should implement educational programs and campaigns to raise awareness toward energy conservation practice among students
IMPROVING INTEGRITY HALAL SUPPLIER IN FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN: SCOPING REVIEW
No full textEnsuring integrity in a halal supplier is important for maintaining the trust of consumers who seek halal products. Any compromise in the integrity of the supplier can lead to a loss of confidence in the halal status of their products. In this review will identify what the main key finding will increase integrity in supplier and the objective of this review is to produce a comprehensive mapping next future research and the main themes related to halal supplier in food supply chain. Method: A scoping review of the literature was conducted between 2018 and 2023 using the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases to identify what is the nature of published scientific literature on this topic. A total of 13 journal articles were identified for a full review. Result: Five themes were found from the literaturerelevant to food supply chain integrity through halal supplier. The main themes include perceive value, transparency, technology, standard of procedure and supplier integration. The review indicates that most of the studies are conducted in understanding the supplier efficiency in supply chain. Conclusion: The emergence of findings regarding suppliers in the halal food supply chain will assist in the investigation of halal providers, while also providing significant insights for researchers and practitioners in their respective fields. Moreover, these reviews will be helpful in the supervision of suppliers in the halal food supply chain. This offers future research to more comprehensive research is required to further investigate the performance of halal supplier in food supply chain
FIVE DECADES OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION RESEARCH IN ELT: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
No full textPurpose – There is an absence of systematic review papers in the achievement motivation theories literature. In terms of currentresearch trends, English learning motivation is gaining attention as a determiner of success in FLA. Hence, this review aims to trace thetrends in the empirical studies on achievement motivation theories and tools, ranging from 1970 to 2022.
Methodology – With a focus on theories, diversity of research participants, and practical ELT-related issues addressed by previousresearchers, this paper applied the PRISMA Systematic Review Protocol to offer a comprehensive synthesis of 91 empirical studieson theories of achievement motivation.
Findings – The majority of the published studies were from China and Iran. There was also a large number of studies conducted on tertiary-level learners. Structural equation modelling was found to be the most widely used analysis. In addition, technology-assisted learning is the current trend in achievement motivation research.
Significance – This paper offers new insights into the existing achievement motivation literature and identifies the research gaps.This study recommends more studies on expectancy-value theory including in-depth qualitative studies involving culturally diversepopulations and experimental research to develop more effective pedagogical approaches and expand the current understanding ofachievement motivation.
A DISCOVERY ON MALAYSIAN ESL TEACHERS’ ADHERENCE TO POLICY MANDATES IN CLASSROOMBASED ASSESSMENT PRACTICES
No full textPurpose – Although there exists a substantial body of research discussing the efficient implementation of classroom-based assessment (CBA), there is a dearth of knowledge regarding its application within the context of English as a Second Language (ESL)education in Malaysia. The current study aimed to investigate the ESL teachers’ practices in implementing CBA, with a specific emphasis on the alignment of their assessment procedures with the policy requirements.
Methodology – Hence, this research utilizes a qualitative approach, employing data triangulation through semi-structured interviews,classroom observations, and document analysis. Four ESL teachers from two public secondary schools in the northeast district of theMalaysian city of Pulau Pinang were selected to participate in the study. The four ESL teachers taught the same grade (Form 2) at thesecondary level. The data collected were analyzed through thematic analysis procedures.
Findings – This research discovered that teachers demonstrate commendable practices in planning the CBA. They exhibited discernment by formulating instructional objectives in line with the curriculum document. However, a misalignment was observedin teachers’ practices during the implementation phase. Despite employing various assessment methods, teachers predominantlyleaned towards formal assessments, with less emphasis on studentcentred approaches. Challenges surfaced when explicit learningobjectives were not effectively communicated, and the use of standardized rubrics, was not tailored to students’ diverse capabilities.At the reporting phase, concerns were raised about an excessive focus on administrative data recording. This study brought to light that teachers relied on the accumulation of students’ grades and marks to determine the mastery levels, thus corroborating with the examoriented practices.
Significance – This study holds significant value for the field of ESL education in Malaysia by shedding light on the actual implementation of CBA and its alignment with policy directives. By providing information on how policies are implemented at the local level, contributes to the improvement of assessment policies that can be tailored to classroom realities
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: LEAN ERGONOMICS ANALYSIS IN SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs) MANUFACTURING SECTOR
No full textErgonomics has emerged as a significant workplace issue, negatively impacting finances due to worker absence and reduced productivity. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are particularly prone to occupational accidents, contributing to over 80% of such incidents. This review delves into the perspective of lean ergonomics within SMEs. The study followed a structured review protocol,formulating research questions and systematically searching the Scopus and WoS databases. The findings reveal several key points: (1) SMEs commonly implement ergonomics principles addressing awkward postures, repetitive movements, manual material handling, hand-wrist postures, excessive reach, grip strength, and prolonged standing; (2) Lean principles such as SMED, 5S, standardized work,TPM, VSM, and kanban positively impact ergonomics; (3) Various ergonomics assessment methods, including REBA, RULA, HFE, JSI, KIM, OCRA, and Shoaf’s model, are recommended for future research and practical application; (4) Ergonomics can underpin lean transformation efforts, with Lean Manufacturing (LM) contributing to reduced ergonomics risks. However, the review identified alimitation in the scope of databases used (WoS and Scopus), suggesting that expanding the range of databases and research keywords could improve future article searches. The study\u27s primary focus serves as a reference point for future researchers and manufacturers interested in lean ergonomics, emphasizing the need for comprehensive approaches to enhance worker safety and productivity through ergonomic and lean practices
ANALISA TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG PERJUDIAN DALAM TALIAN DI MALAYSIA (Analysis on the Online Gambling Laws in Malaysia)
No full textKekerapan laporan tentang aktiviti perjudian dalam talian yang dipaparkan menerusi media cetak dan elektronik menunjukkan bahawa tindakan segera perlu diambil untuk mengatasi gejala ini di Malaysia. Namun begitu, undang-undang substantif sahaja tidak memadai untuk menangani situasi ini kerana penguatkuasaan yang efektif adalah sama penting untuk mengawal berlakunya pelanggaran undang-undang tersebut. Oleh itu, artikel ini mempunyai objektif untuk menjalankan penyelidikan awal terhadap undang-undang sedia ada dan isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan perjudian dalam talian di Malaysia. Di samping itu, penulisan ini juga bertujuan mencungkil kesedaran tentang isu-isu yang timbul akibat wujudnya kelompangan dalam undang-undang tersebut. Penulisan ini bertujuan mengesyorkan hala tuju bagi penyelidikan-penyelidikan akan datang berkenaan perjudian dalam talian di Malaysia. Artikel ini menggunakan kerangka kajian perundangan tulen yang bersifat kualitatif, iaitu data-data dikumpulkan melalui kajian perpustakaan dan temu bual untuk meneroka isu-isu berhubung dengan perjudian dalam talian di Malaysia. Pendekatan analisis kritikal telah diguna pakai dalam menganalisis data daripada penulisan, jurnal, berita dan rujukan lain yang terdahulu berkaitan dengan perjudian dalam talian. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa undang-undang perjudian dalam talian agak ketinggalan dan hal ini dikenal pasti sebagai suatu kelompangan. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pindaan terhadap Akta Rumah Perjudian Terbuka 1953 perlu dilakukan segera untuk membantu agensi penguatkuasaan mengatasi krisis ini.
Abstract
An increase in print and electronic media headlines highlighting the prevalence of illegal online activities indicate that immediate action should be taken to combat this issue in Malaysia. However, substantive law alone is insufficient to address the current situation, as effective enforcement is equally important for monitoring the violation of these laws. Hence, the objective of this article is to conduct a preliminary investigation of current laws and key issues related to online gambling laws in Malaysia while also raising awareness of issues that have arisen due to the lacuna in the existing laws. Subsequently, this article aims to propose directions for future studies on online gambling laws in Malaysia. This study employed qualitative doctrinal research in which data was gathered through library research and interviews to explore issues related to online gambling in Malaysia. Critical analysis was applied to analyze data from previous articles, journals, news, and other references concerning online gambling. This study finds that the laws governing online gambling are significantly outdated, and they represent a legal gap. Furthermore, the review reveals that the nation urgently requires amendments to the Common Gaming Houses Act 1953 (CGHA) to assist the enforcement agencies in managing the current crisis.
Keywords: Online gambling, online crime, online betting, Common Gaming Houses Act 1953 (CGHA)
GOVERNMENT ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACTS TO STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TO PROVIDE INFRASTRUCTURE: INDONESIA’S EXPERIENCE
No full textThis paper aims to evaluate the peculiarities of a mechanism utilised by the Indonesian government to conduct infrastructure development, that is, the government’s assignment of contracts to state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This mechanism differs from public procurement or public-private partnership. This paper raises three questions: (1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of employing government assignment of contracts to SOEs? (2) What should be done to prevent the disadvantages? and (3) What lessons can be learned by other countries from the Indonesian experience? This paper employs qualitative legal research. It starts by analysing public satisfaction and dissatisfaction as reflected in the news, literature and interviews. The legal causes of dissatisfaction which are basically the problematic regulations, are then analysed. Finally, the legal principles and legal concepts enshrined within the regulations are examined to seek legal solutions. The advantages of the government’s assignment of contracts to SOEs are to simplify the tender process and to enable the government to quickly provide infrastructure. Nonetheless, the private sector feels aggrieved because the regulations that dictate when a project may be contracted to an SOE are unclear, and public funding is predominantly circulated among the SOE groups. To address these problems, the government should adhere to the globally recognised principles of equality and accountability and the concepts of competitive neutrality and the right to development. The bittersweet Indonesian experiences maybe not only the refinement of the Indonesian law and policy, but also their use as food for thought for any country considering infrastructure development.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM AND SUSTENANCE OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (SOES) IN ZIMBABWE
No full textThe study sought to ascertain corporate governance reforms that foster sustenance of the SOEs in Zimbabwe and how such reforms can be implemented. This study has used a mixed-methods technique and a pragmatist philosophy. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, whereby structured questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Top and middle management, board members, board chairpersons, and CEOs of Zimbabwe’s SOEs made up the target population. For quantitative data, a sample size of 351 people was obtained using the sample process created by Krejcie and Morgan (1970). Interviews were done with sixteen (16) people until saturation was achieved. Stratified random sampling was used in the study to choose respondents for the quantitative data collection. To choose interview subjects for the qualitative data, purposeful sampling was applied. The quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and NVivo version 12, respectively. According to the study, the primary corporate governance reforms for the survival of the SOEs in Zimbabwe included the following: open nomination processes for the SOEs; removal and resignation of directors who did not comply with best corporate governance practices; limitations on board member compensation; and changes to the executive directors’ terms of service. This research has shown that best corporate governance practices in the SOEs are brought about by reforming the Board Appointments Board (RAB). In order to ensure that corporate governance reforms are implemented effectively, the present study has suggested that term limits, with a maximum of ten (10) years, in Chief Executive Officer Employment contracts be strictly enforced
PERFORMANCE-BASED REWARD SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA
No full textAs organizations strive to maintain a competitive edge, the need for a more agile workforce has become increasingly apparent. Performance-based reward systems have emerged as a powerful tool to facilitate this transformation, by aligning employee motivation with the organization’s strategic goals. However, the overemphasis on individual performance metrics may inadvertently promote unhealthy competition and undermine collaboration. Hence this study examines the effect of performance-based reward system on organizational agility in the banking industry. Specifically, the study seeks to determine how competence-based reward system will affect organizational agility; to examine the impact of reward and incentives on organizational agility. The study has adopted a survey research design to obtain data from a population of 221 staff members of the Guarantee Trust Bank (GTB), which represent the broader banking industry in Nigeria. A sample of 142 was drawn through Taro Yamane and sampled randomly. The study used primary data and questionnaires. Multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses. The study found that organizational agility was affected by the competence-based reward system; and incentive and reward proxy by continuous improvement incentives, teamwork reward, and balancing reward objectives determines the organizational agility of the GTB and the broader banking industry in the country. In conclusion, the performance-based reward system has a significant effect on organizational agility in the banking industry in Nigeria. Thus, the study recommends that banks and other financial organizations should adopt the following aspects of a competence- based reward system such as continuous learning, cross-functional collaboration, and skill development as a strategy for achieving a high level of organizational agility in the GTB through its employees
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND PROJECT SUCCESS: THE ROLES OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND SELF-EFFICACY
No full textTransformational leaders must constantly monitor their environments to identify and develop significant internal and external exposure to multiple points of view. Transformational leaders serve as role models for bridging organizational boundaries and proactive outreach to external stakeholders to communicate information, develop inter-organizational cooperation, establish coalitions, and harness resources. The major goal of this article is to examine the dynamics that drive organizational project success, specifically the impact of transformational leadership on external and internal social capital in management teams. This research analyzed transformational leadership and project success relationships in Pakistan’s construction industry setting along with the moderating role of the project manager subordinate’s social capital and the mediating role of the project manager subordinate’s self-efficacy. The data were collected from196 subordinates of project managers of different private organizations. Data were examined through correlation, regression, and the Hayes model through SPSS. According to the results, transformational leadership is positively associated with project success and substantially associated with social capital. Additionally, self-efficacy is positively associated with transformational leadership and project success, and it mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and project success. Social capital moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and project success, according to additional findings. This study sheds light on the relationship between transformational leadership and self-efficacy in the context of project success.