Ulum Islamiyyah - The Malaysian journal of Islamic sciences
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Managing the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare: An analysis from Islamic perspectives
Full text linkAs AI and machine learning (ML) transform healthcare, it is essential to examine these changes through an ethical and religious lens. This review explores AI, ML, and healthcare from an Islamic perspective, focusing on Islamic bioethics. Key values include the sanctity of life, beneficence, autonomy, and justice. Ethical issues such as transparency, privacy, and fairness in AI algorithms are assessed within Islamic principles. The review highlights challenges and opportunities in integrating AI and ML in healthcare, offering recommendations for ethically responsible implementation aligned with Islamic values
Aritmetik penentuan takwim Hijri oleh Syeikh Abdul Rahman Gudang al-Fatani dalam Minhaj al-Qawim: [The arithmetic for determination of Hijri calendar by Syeikh Abdul Rahman Gudang al-Fatani in Minhaj al-Qawim]
No full textMinhaj al-Qawim fi macrifati al-Hisab wa al-Taqwim (1310H/1893M) merupakan naskhah falak takwim koleksi Khazanah Fathaniyah (2018) terdiri daripada empat lembar (tujuh halaman) menggunakan bahasa Melayu jawi. Naskhah ini membincangkan ilmu hisab dalam penyusunan takwim istilahi. Hitungan bagi penyusunan tersebut menggunakan teknik aritmetik mudah bermula dengan pengenalan 28 huruf abjadiyah yang mempunyai nilai tertentu. Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkapkan hitungan aritmetik yang digunakan dalam penentuan takwim. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif menggunakan metodologi analisis kandungan merangkumi naskhah pramoden, buku-buku, jurnal dan dokumen yang berkaitan tokoh dan takwim Hijri. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan meneliti asal usul angka bersama nilainya bagi huruf tahun dan bulan sehingga perhitungan awal bulan yang dijelaskan dalam naskhah tersebut. Hasil kajian mendapati konsep aritmetik dalam hisab istilahi telah diamalkan masyarakat Islam di Patani pada abad ke-19M terutamanya dalam kalangan ulama falak ketika itu. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini membuktikan konsep hisab istilahi adalah sinonim digunakan ketika pramoden di Alam Melayu semasa proses perkembangan ilmu falak.
Minhāj al-Qawīm fī maᶜrifati al-Ḥisāb wa al-Taqwīm (1310H/1893M) is a falak manuscript from the Khazanah Fathaniyah collection (2019). It has seven pages written in Malay Jawi script. This manuscript discusses the mathematical aspect of calculation in the compilation of the takwim istilahi (octaval calendar). The calculations for this compilation utilize simple arithmetic techniques, beginning with an introduction to the 28 abjadiyah letters, each possessing a specific numerical value. This article aims to critically analyze the arithmetic methods in ḥisāb istilahi employed by Sheikh Abdul Rahman Gudang al-Faṭānī and to evaluate their accuracy in compiling the Hijri calendar. This study adopts both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach uses content analysis, encompassing pre-modern manuscripts, books, journals and documents related to the scholar and the Hijri calendar. The quantitative approach utilizes Accurate Time 5.7 software for data validation. This research will extract aspects related to huruf jummal (numerical values of letters), huruf tahun (numerical values of years), huruf bulan (numerical values of months) and calculation of the month beginning as explained in the manuscript. The findings indicate that the arithmetic concepts within this manuscript demonstrate a scientific application in the compilation of the takwim istilahi. In conclusion, the concept of ḥisāb istilahi was widely used during the pre-modern era in the Malay Archipelago amidst the development of falak knowledge, owing to its simple methodology and its close approximation to actual astronomical criteria
توظيف الإعلام الرقمي في الدعوة الإسلامية: رؤية استشرافية: [Utilizing digital media in Islamic Da\u27wah: A futuristic perspective]
Full text linkهدفت الدراسة إلى استشراف دور الإعلام الرقمي في تعزيز الدعوة الإسلامية مستقبلاً، مع تحديد الفرص والتحديات مقارنة بالإعلام التقليدي. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الاستشرافي لتقييم الاتجاهات المستقبلية لنشر الدعوة عبر الوسائل الرقمية، بالاستناد إلى دراسات عربية وأجنبية متخصصة، وأظهرت النتائج أن الإعلام الرقمي يوفر فرصًا غير مسبوقة بفضل سرعة انتشاره وتفاعليته، مما يسهم في إشراك جمهور متنوع. كما يتفوق على الإعلام التقليدي بقدرته على التفاعل وسهولة الوصول. ومع ذلك، يواجه تحديات تتعلق بالمصداقية والأمان، مثل التضليل الإعلامي والهجمات الإلكترونية، مما يستدعي تعزيز الحماية وضمان صحة المحتوى، كما أكدت الدراسة على أهمية الذكاء الاصطناعي والواقع الافتراضي في توسيع نطاق الدعوة، وتقنية البلوك تشين في توثيق المحتوى وزيادة المصداقية. وشددت على ضرورة تكييف الرسائل الدعوية وفق احتياجات الفئات المستهدفة، وتعزيز المهارات الرقمية لدى الدعاة لضمان الاستخدام الفعّال للإعلام الرقمي. كما أوصت بالتعاون مع شركات الأمن السيبراني والمنصات الموثوقة لحماية الرسالة الدعوية من التهديدات المحتملة.
The study aimed to explore the role of digital media in enhancing Islamic preaching in the future, identifying its opportunities and challenges compared to traditional media. It adopted a foresight approach to assess future trends in digital media for Islamic preaching, relying on specialized Arab and foreign studies. The findings revealed that digital media offers unprecedented opportunities due to its rapid dissemination and interactivity, facilitating engagement with diverse audiences. It surpasses traditional media in accessibility and audience participation. However, it faces challenges related to credibility and security, such as misinformation and cyberattacks, necessitating enhanced protection and content verification. The study also highlighted the potential of artificial intelligence and virtual reality in expanding the reach of Islamic preaching, while blockchain technology can improve content authentication and credibility. It emphasized the need to tailor preaching messages to audience interests, enhance digital skills among preachers, and collaborate with cybersecurity firms and trusted media platforms to safeguard and extend the reach of Islamic preaching
Pendekatan metodologi syarah hadith dalam kitab-kitab syarah Jāmi’ al-Tirmizī: Satu kajian perbandingan: [Methodological approaches to hadith commentary in the commentaries on Jāmi’ al-Tirmizī: A comparative study]
Full text linkAl-Jāmi’ merupakan karya magnum opus al-Tirmizī yang terkenal dan mendapat perhatian ramai ulama Islam sehingga banyak karya-karya syarah Jāmi’ al-Tirmizī telah diterbitkan. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam kitab-kitab syarah Jāmi’ al-Tirmizī merupakan satu bidang kajian penting dalam ilmu hadith, namun masih kurang diterokai sepenuhnya. Justeru itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi kekosongan tersebut dengan meneliti pendekatan metodologi yang digunakan oleh beberapa kitab syarah terpilih terhadap Jāmi’ al-Tirmizī. Penyelidikan ini menumpukan kepada mengenal pasti persamaan dan perbezaan dalam kaedah interpretasi mereka serta bagaimana metodologi ini mempengaruhi pemahaman dan aplikasi hadith berdasarkan asas dan disiplin ilmu syarh al-hadīth. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan, dengan analisis dokumentasi sebagai kaedah utama pengumpulan data dan analisis kandungan sebagai metode analisis data. Tiga kitab syarah dijadikan sebagai subjek kajian iaitu Tuhfat al-Ahwazī, Qūt al-Mughtazī dan ‘Āridah al-Ahwazī. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat variasi ketara dalam pendekatan yang digunakan oleh para pensyarah, mencerminkan kepelbagaian perspektif ilmiah dalam tafsiran hadith. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada wacana yang lebih luas mengenai metodologi hadith dengan menekankan kepentingan memahami perbezaan metodologi ini. Justeru itu, dicadangkan agar kajian lanjutan dijalankan untuk meneroka metodologi karya-karya syarah hadith terpilih dalam kitab hadith yang lain pula seperti Sunan al-Nasā’ī dan sebagainya agar perbincangan hadith terus mara
A systematic literature review on the determinants of Islamic financial literacy among individuals
Full text linkFinancially literate young individuals make informed decisions, built financially resilient households and engage responsibly with financial service providers. Despite its importance, Islamic financial literacy among Malaysians remains underdeveloped in Malaysia, as highlighted by Bank Negara Malaysia’s 2018 survey. Although many studies explore the determinants of Islamic financial literacy, systematic reviews on this topic remain limited, restricting comprehensive understanding and comparability. This study conducts a systematic literature review on the determinants of Islamic financial literacy, following a rigorous five-step methodology: formulating research questions, conducting systematic searches in primary databases, eligibility screening, quality assessment, and data analysis. The review identifies five main themes—psychological and personal factors, religious and cultural factors, educational factors, financial behaviour and attitudes, and financial knowledge and awareness—along with 12 sub-themes. The findings emphasize the pivotal role of financial education in enhancing Islamic financial literacy, which is essential for improving financial well-being and fostering economic resilience in Muslim communities
Polygamy, power, and patriarchy: Gendered social mobility and symbolic capital in Madura’s blater culture
Full text linkThis study investigates the dynamics of polygamy and its impact on the social status of wives within the blater community in Tanjungbumi, Bangkalan, Madura. Specifically, to identify the factors that contribute to harmonious relationships in polygamous households and to assess the effect of being a blater’s wife on women’s social status. The study adopts a qualitative case study methodology, utilizing in-depth interviews, and participant observation as primary data collection methods. There are 17 informants involved, including polygamous blater couples, individuals previously in polygamous marriages, those who are not practicing polygamy, and local community leaders. The finding shows that the motivations for engaging in polygamy among blaters include the desire to reinforce their identity, increase descendants, fulfill personal preferences, secure male heirs, assert social influence, and achieve financial stability. The result of the study underscores that polygamy positively influences the social status of wives and family income, as it enhances their position within the community. This elevation in social standing is largely attributed to the prominent status of the blater group in the region, despite the behaviors associated with polygamy being frequently perceived as marginal or deviant
Revisiting InAQ principles in view of tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods: An elevated Naqli-Aqli integration platform
Full text linkThis is advanced research on revisiting the InAQ principles when considering Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods. The acronym "InAQ" stands for (Integration of Naqli and Aqli) which refers to the systematic intellectual theological framework incorporating Islamic knowledge and rational thought. Thus, as the title suggests, this research analyses the Naqli composition style, and Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01). Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) is a deliberate recall of the 1st Qur’anic generation approach to Al-Qur’an engagement using divine induced from in the Naqli itself (56:1-14); (36:2-11). It is based on the Naqli composition style which stands for “Divine” meanings that are uniquely different from that of the 7th C. Arabic wordlists. Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) is an extension of the InAQ methodological review in the quest of attaining a more stable and consistent InAQ-referenced ground for a more revealing divine worldview. The research is based on higher-order thinking skills. Thus, it is neither an affirmation of traditional Al-Qur’an translations nor a confirmation of the corrupted Torah proceedings. The Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) are rather a recall of Al-Qur’an direct engagement mechanisms used during the early Muslim community before the emergency of the Tafsiir corpus. The inductive and deductive approaches are used. The following (vii) Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) are adapted: (i)- observing (علامات; markings) (ii)- organic (تَفْصِيل; elaboration by Allah S.W); (iii)-toiling (تَفْصِيل; divarication) by (اعتبار; cross over); (iv)- (التدبُّر; the delayed diligent observation; (v)- nested interpretation; (vi)- certainty, relevancy and intentionality of all Al-Qur’an patterns; and (vii)- using Naqli composition style and Naqli unique terminologies). The Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) consistently unravel the divine concealments in a manner they did during the early Muslim community before the publications of Tafsiir literature. Thus, the researchers have introduced the Tadabbur Al-Qur’an methods (V.01) which are more accurate, stable, divine lexicons friendly, and consistent in combining rational thoughts and discoveries with revealed knowledge
Kaedah pembuktian melalui dokumen digital di mahkamah Syariah: Kajian perbandingan antara Malaysia dan Arab Saudi: [Method of evidence through digital documents in the Shariah court: A comparative study between Malaysia and Saudi Arabia]
Full text linkDokumen berbentuk digital telah diguna pakai dalam segenap aspek kehidupan manusia meliputi perbankan, pendidikan, pentadbiran kerajaan, perniagaan dalam talian, urusan guaman, perubatan, serta komunikasi sosial. Teknologi ini juga telah memperkenalkan ruang dan peluang baharu dalam sistem pembuktian di Mahkamah seluruh dunia. Di Malaysia dokumen digital telah digunakan secara meluas di Mahkamah Sivil. Sungguhpun begitu, penggunaan dokumen digital di Mahkamah Syariah masih terhad. Hal yang sama juga berlaku di Mahkamah Arab Saudi walaupun sistem undang-undangnya telah mengiktiraf dokumen digital melalui Evidence Law 2022. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan menjelaskan hukum pemakaian dokumen digital menurut syarak dan undang-undang serta menganalisis penerimaan dan pemakaian dokumen digital sebagai bukti dalam prosiding Mahkamah Syariah Malaysia dan Arab Saudi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis perbandingan bagi menilai dan membandingkan pendekatan Malaysia dan Arab Saudi terhadap penerimaan dokumen digital sebagai salah satu kaedah pembuktian. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui kajian kepustakaan kemudiannya dianalisis menggunakan analisis kandungan dan perbandingan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kedua-dua negara telah mengiktiraf bukti digital melalui kerangka undang-undang masing-masing, namun terdapat beberapa kekangan dalam mengaplikasikannya. Kedua-dua negara masih bergelut dengan kekangan praktikal dan ketiadaan garis panduan seragam serta ancaman keselamatan siber. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia memperkemas dasar pembuktian digital melalui latihan profesional, penggubalan garis panduan yang khusus, serta mengetatkan rantaian kawalan (chain of custody) dengan cara menyediakan log audit lengkap yang menunjukkan siapa yang mengakses, menyimpan atau mengubah sesuatu bukti digital.
Digital documents have been utilized in various aspects of human life, including banking, education, government administration, online business, legal affairs, healthcare and social communication. This technology has also introduced new avenues and opportunities within the evidentiary systems of courts around the world. In Malaysia, digital documents have been widely used in Civil Courts. However, their application in the Shariah Courts remains limited. A similar situation is observed in the courts of Saudi Arabia, even though its legal system has recognized digital documents under the Evidence Law 2022. Therefore, this study aims to explain the legal position of digital document usage according to Shariah and statutory law, and to analyze the acceptance and application of digital documents as evidence in the Shariah court proceedings of Malaysia and Saudi Arabia. This research adopts a qualitative approach with a comparative analysis design to evaluate and compare the approaches taken by Malaysia and Saudi Arabia regarding the acceptance of digital documents as a method of evidence. Data collected through literature review were analyzed using content and comparative analysis. The findings indicate that both countries have recognized digital evidence within their respective legal frameworks. However, there are several constraints in its implementation. Both countries still face practical challenges, a lack of standardized guidelines, and cybersecurity threats. This study suggests that the Shariah Courts in Malaysia enhance digital evidence procedures through professional training, the development of specific guidelines, and a more stringent chain of custody, by implementing a complete audit log that records who accessed, stored or altered a digital piece of evidence
مشاهد الحوار بين القادة وأتباعهم في القرآن الكريم دراسة تحليلية: [Scenes of dialogue between leaders and their followers in the Holy Qur’an: An analytical study]
No full textعالج هذا البحث إحدى القضايا المهمة التي نعايشها في واقعنا المعاصر، وهي دعوى كثير من أتباع الحكّام الظالمين والقادة المجرمين بأنهم لا يتحملون وزر ما يُرتكب من جرائم ومظالم، بدعوى أنهم "يطيعون الأوامر" فحسب، وأن طاعتهم لوليّ الأمر واجبة شرعًا. وهنا يُطرح السؤال الجوهري: هل يُعفي هذا التبرير أصحابه من المسؤولية أمام الله يوم القيامة؟ .لقد تناول القرآن الكريم هذه الإشكالية في مواضع متعددة، وكشف بوضوح صفات كل من القادة الظالمين وأتباعهم، وبيّن مآلهم في الآخرة، ليكون ذلك تحذيرًا وتنبيهًا لما ينتظرهم من العذاب الأليم والعقوبة الشديدة .يهدف هذا البحث إلى مناقشة هذه القضية من خلال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للآيات القرآنية ذات الصلة، واستنباط الدلالات المرتبطة بصفات القادة والأتباع ومواقفهم في الدنيا والآخرة، بهدف الإسهام في فهم هذه الظاهرة، والمشاركة في معالجتها، لتكون خطوة في طريق تحرير الإنسان والأوطان من الظلم والاستبداد .وقد توصل البحث إلى أن من أبرز الأساليب القرآنية في معالجة هذه الظاهرة أسلوب الحوار الذي يجري بين القادة وأتباعهم يوم القيامة، حيث يظهر التلاوم والتبرؤ المتبادل، مما يكشف عن تساوي الطرفين في المسؤولية.كما أظهرت الآيات أن كثيرًا من الصفات الذميمة التي نُسبت إلى القادة الظالمين قد وُصف بها كذلك أتباعهم، مما يدل على اشتراكهم في الجريمة واستحقاقهم للعقوبة ذاتها. ولم تميز النصوص بين الطرفين في العاقبة، بل كان الجزاء واحدًا: اللعنة والطرد من رحمة الله، والعذاب المضاعف جزاءً لظلمهم وفسادهم واتباعهم للباطل. وقد اشترك الفريقان في النتيجة بسبب اشتراكهم في الأفعال والصفات، واعتماد بعضهم على بعض في تثبيت المنظومة الجائرة. ولا نجاة من هذا المصير إلا بالتوبة الصادقة، والانفصال التام عن تلك الدائرة الظالمة والمنظومة المجرمة.
This research addresses a critical contemporary issue: the claim made by many followers of tyrannical rulers and criminal leaders that they bear no responsibility for the injustices and crimes committed, asserting that they are merely "following orders" and that obedience to the ruler is a religious obligation. This raises a fundamental question: Does such a justification absolve them of accountability on the Day of Judgment?. The Qur’an discusses this matter in numerous passages, clearly outlining the characteristics of both oppressive leaders and their followers, and revealing their fate in the Hereafter as a severe warning of the painful punishment that awaits them. This study aims to explore the issue by applying an analytical methodology to the relevant Qur\u27anic scenes and verses. It seeks to identify the negative traits associated with both parties and contribute to addressing this phenomenon, aspiring to be a step toward liberating people and nations from injustice and authoritarianism. The research concludes that one of the Qur\u27an’s key methods in addressing this issue is through portraying the dialogue that occurs between leaders and their followers in the Hereafter, in which mutual blame and disavowal are exchanged—highlighting their equal responsibility. Moreover, the verses demonstrate that many of the blameworthy traits attributed to tyrannical leaders are also ascribed to their followers, indicating their shared guilt and collective deserving of condemnation. The Qur\u27an makes no distinction between them in terms of outcome; rather, both parties are subject to the same end: the curse and exclusion from God\u27s mercy, and a multiplied punishment as retribution for their oppression, corruption, and alliance in evil. Their shared fate stems from their shared actions and attributes, as well as from their mutual reinforcement of an unjust system. Only sincere repentance and a decisive break from this oppressive and criminal structure offer hope of salvation
Islamic social finance as a catalyst for growth among B40 single-motherpreneurs in Malaysia
Full text linkThe study aims to explore the challenges faced by single-motherpreneurs in Malaysia and assess the potential of Islamic social finance (ISF) in addressing these obstacles. The research provides insights into how these financial instruments can support economic empowerment and overcome challenges. The study employed a qualitative approach, conducting in-depth interviews with 12 single-motherpreneurs from the B40 community across various Malaysian states. The data were analyzed using content analysis with NVivo software. The study identifies five main themes of challenges faced by single-motherpreneurs in Malaysia, including financial difficulties, time management constraints, lack of support and resources, market competition, and socioeconomic pressures. The study found that ISF emerges as a potential solution, providing tailored products and support systems that can empower single-motherpreneurs and address their specific needs. Through targeted training, financial assistance, and innovative products, ISF can play a transformative role in enhancing the economic viability and resilience of single-motherpreneurs. The originality of this research fills the gap in the existing literature by examining the intersection of single-motherpreneurship and ISF practices in Malaysia. It offers a nuanced perspective on how ISF can empower single-motherpreneurs economically and socially. The study contributes to the broader discourse on women\u27s entrepreneurship and financial inclusion by highlighting the potential of ISF to address the unique challenges faced by this demographic