Repositori Digital KPT Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi
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HIGH-SENSITIVITY CARDIAC TROPONIN I AS PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR FOR SUBSEQUENT ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITHOUT ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
No full textIntroduction: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays are the preferred biomarker for the diagnosis and prognostication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the prognostic value of hs-cTn in patients who do not fulfilled the criteria of AMI (non-AMI) is lacking.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of single baseline hs-cTn I level for subsequent adverse cardiac events (ACE) and all-cause mortality in non-AMI patients.
Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who presented to the emergency department between 2016 to 2018 with non-AMI were included (n=732) and stratified into three groups based on hs-cTn I levels: < Limit of Quantitation (<LoQ; lO.Opg/ml), between LoQ to gender-specific 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL; male: 34.2pg/ml, female: 15.6pg/ml) and above the 99th percentile URL. Medical records were reviewed to look for the presence of subsequent ACE or all-cause mortality within 12 months from index presentation. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier and Cox Regression analyses were carried out.
Results: Patients with hs-cTn I level above the 99th percentile URL (median 51.9pg/ml, p<0.001) had reduced estimated mean time until subsequent ACE (10.9 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.6-11.4). Higher ACE hazard was observed in hs-cTn I above the 99th percentile URL (hazard ratio (HR) 5.41, 95% CI 1.951-15.003), male gender (HR 2.619, 95% CI 1.305-5.254) and cardiac-related diagnosis (HR 2.412, 95% CI 1.151-5.054). All-cause mortality hazard was increased by 2.7% for each year increase of patient’s age and higher in patients with history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (HR 2.375,95% C1 1.283 - 4.395).
Conclusion: Elevated hs-cTn I level above the 99th percentile URL, male gender and cardiac-related diagnosis were associated with increased risk for subsequent ACE during the 12 months follow-up in non-AMI patients. Increased age and history of CVA were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortalit
PEMBANGUNAN KOMPONEN PENILAIAN PEMERIKSAAN KECACATAN BUMBUNG CURAM UNTUK BANGUNAN SEKOLAH DI MALAYSIA
No full textPemeriksaan adalah kaedah pengurusan penyenggaraan bagi mengenaipasti kecacatan. Pemeriksaan dilakukan secara visual yang dikategorikan dalam ujian tidak merosakan
(UTMr). Pemeriksaan ini berdasarkan cara dan pengalaman pemeriksa untuk menilai kecacatan. Ini menyebabkan penilaian yang subjektif dan tiada keseragaman maklumat
oleh pelbagai pemeriksa. Tujuan penyelidikan untuk menghasilkan senarai semak dan menentukan kriteria rubrik klasifikasi tahap kecacatan pada pemeriksaan bumbung
curam. Rekabentuk rubrik telah menyediakan empat (4) objektif seperti jenis dan tahap kecacatan, komponen bumbung curam, rekabentuk senarai semak dan rekabentuk kriteria kecacatan pada skala. Rekabentuk penyelidikan berbentuk pembangunan dan pengujian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan kajian literatur telah digunakan untuk mencapai objektif pertama dan kedua. la kemudiannya melalui proses pengesahan secara temubual bersama stakeholder untuk mendapat pengesahan. Hasil daripada temubual telah mengesahkan bahawa terdapat empat (4) kecacatan yang sesuai dalam pemeriksaan struktur dan tiga puluh (30) komponen bumbung curam. Maklumat ini bagi
mencapai objektif ketiga dalam rekabentuk senarai semak. Rekabentuk rubrik telah melalui dua peringkat pengumpulan data iaitu meialui kajian rintis seramai lima belas (15) orang pakar dan data utama seramai tiga puluh (30) orang pakar. Senarai semak dan rubrik telah disemak oleh sepuluh (10) orang pakar sebelum digunakan. Setiap petunjuk dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS. Pengujian senarai semak telah dilaksanakan di sebuah sekolah yang mempunyai struktur bumbung curam kayu dan besi. Kesimpulannya, data menunjukkan rubrik mempunyai kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi. la menghasilkan senarai semak dan rubrik dalam membuat penilaian kecacatan pada komponen struktur bumbung curam. la sebagai sumbangan dalam pengurusan penyenggaraan bangunan kepada kaedah pemeriksaan. Ini bagi memastikan maklumat pemeriksaan yang konsisten oleh pelbagai pemeriksa
DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-ASSESSMENT MOOC MODEL FOR LANGUAGE COURSE TO SUPPORT STUDENTS' LEARNING PERFORMANCE
No full textThis study is to propose a model of effectiveness attributes for self-assessment MOOC in language learning to support students’ learning performance. It assumes that student
activities in online learning courses differ based on cognitive style preferences. The methodology is a triangulation of post-test scores, students perception survey, and expert panel opinions. The research framework consists of three phases: analysis, design and development, and evaluation. To determine suitable assessment elements, a meta-analysis
was conducted in the analysis phase. Aiming to improve student performance in language learning, a self-assessment MOOC model (SA-MOOC) based on student characteristic
dimensions was designed and developed during the second phase. The SA-MOOC model, design, and prototype were validated by related experts during Phase 2. In the evaluation
phase, a post-test with unequal post-test control group design was adopted to test the effectiveness of the prototype of the SA-MOOC model. The instruments used in this study
are postal tests and perceptions of the SA-MOOC model based on student characteristic dimensions. A total of 306 respondents from a public university were involved in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive, non-parametric analysis and structural equation modeling with partial smallest squares (PLS-SEM). The results show that there is a strong relationship between language learning skills and student performance (listening, speaking and writing) and there is a positive impact on students' self-efficacy language learning skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) on improvement of students’ performance. The elemental dimension application of student characteristics results in greater student performance in student scores and self-efficacy skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing). As an implication, the formation of the SA-MOOC model provides guidelines and concept models for developers of MOOCs to assist the assessment design process and to implement assessment design based on student characteristic dimensions. For future studies, the proposed model can be refined for affective performance components and can be further explored for other potential elements of student characteristics to support student performance
FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED TITANIUM DIOXIDE (TiO2) FOR OPTICAL SENSOR APPLICATION
No full textTitanium dioxide, TiOz or titania is one of metal oxide which is most abundant and well-known semiconductors used in developing the optoelectronics applications technologies. The method used in this research study is sol-gel dip coating technique where it is easy to handle. The usage of high technologies is rapidly growth in sensing where the fast response and low cost effective are currently need. However, there are many factors effected the thin film to obtain a nanocrystalline phase that can achieve a good sensing performance. So that, the TiOz thin film has to undergo a few parameters during solution preparation and dip coating process. The deposition parameters involved are precursor molar concentration, number of dipping cycle, withdrawal speed, number of layers, and annealing temperature to determine the optimized sensing membrane for crystalline phases and fast response time. Based on the result, the crystalline phase state was obtained in anatase and rutile in one layer deposition and
annealed at 450°C. However, the UV light response needs more energy to perform fast response and also short recovery time. Therefore, the doping process of aluminum (Al) with TiOz thin film is needed. According to the results, TiOz/Al bilayer configuration shows superior sensing performance as opposed to TiOz thin film itself. It was found that TiOz/Al bilayer films possess response time and recover time at 4.8ms and 6.6s
upon illumination at (365 nm) with 10V respectively. Besides, the TiOz sensing membrane was tested in sampling with a different number of used fried cooking oil. The response of TiOz thin film as a sensing membrane at a narrow wavelength under UV light photo response showed that the transmittance degradation related to the highly used cooking oil. All of these results demonstrate that this high-quality photosensor can be a promising candidate as a low-cost UV photodetector for commercially recycled cooking oil sensor applications
INTEGRATION OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING AND LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT TOWARDS IMPROVED DECISION MAKING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY IN MALAYSIA
No full textRapid urbanisation in Malaysia has led to increased activity within the construction industry, yet negative environmental impacts from construction have been closely linked to climate change. Additionally, increasing project complexity and shorter deadlines are challenging industry players to enhance productivity. To address these issues, the building delivery process in Malaysia must transform to allow seamless exchange of information among project stakeholders while championing sustainability. The implementation of building information modelling (BIM) has been shown to improve output in the construction sector, but its adoption rate in Malaysia is still low. On the other hand, life cycle assessment (LCA) has been frequently used to evaluate the environmental impacts of buildings, but its implementation in Malaysian construction projects is also lacking. Considering the limited adoption and research for both BIM and LCA in Malaysia, an integrated approach is needed to address issues in both areas. Therefore, the aim of this research was to propose a model to support implementation and integration of BIM and LCA for sustainable development in the Malaysian construction industry. To achieve this aim, a nationwide survey of Malaysian construction firms was carried out to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for BIM implementation. Additionally, a systematic literature review and content analysis were conducted to formulate a conceptual framework which effectively integrates BIM and LCA. Together with the CSFs, this conceptual framework was translated into a practical model for BIM implementation and BIM-LCA integration in the local construction industry. Application
of this model was demonstrated using a Malaysian public school building as a case study. Additionally, palm oil clinker concrete (POCC) was used as an alternative constructionmaterial for this case study. Using BIM, the selected building was constructed as a digital model based on structural drawings. Visual programming was utilised to semi-automatically generate alternative design options from the original model. Using LCA, the embodied environmental impacts of the conventional and alternative concrete types
were calculated. LCA results indicated that a concrete mix utilising 30% replacement of sand with palm oil clinker (POC) was a feasible alternative to conventional concrete. The compressive strength of this mix was approximately 47 MPa which was suitable for structural applications. Use of this specific POCC mix would reduce environmental impacts by 13% and material costs by 9.6% if used as a direct replacement for
conventional concrete. It was predicted that application of the model may deliver increased productivity and efficiency over traditional methods in the construction sector. Furthermore, the model may provide building designers with explicit feedback regarding environmental impacts of the proposed structure during the early design stage. This would encourage stakeholders to consider sustainability as one of the core concerns in construction projects alongside cost and time. Moreover, its usage is believed to support efforts to achieve sustainable development in Malaysia and bolster international
sustainability goals. This study also contributed to the research gap on BIM implementation, LCA utilisation, and BIM-LCA integration in the local construction sector