Toronto Metropolitan University Open Journals
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Perception of self-care ability among patients with stroke post-discharge: A qualitative descriptive study in Iran: Self-care among patients with stroke post-discharge
No full textBackground: Patients with stroke, once at home, experience different perceptions of their ability for self-care. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to elucidate patients’ perception of their self-care ability. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were held with 10 patients with stroke, within one month following discharge from hospital. Sampling was purposeful and continued until data saturation was reached. All recorded interviews were transcribed and imported to MAXQDA software. The transcripts were content analyzed, following the five-step method by Granheim and Lundman. Results: Three main categories and ten subcategories were revealed: immersion in distress (feeling of sorrow and sadness, lack of control of life, feeling of anxiety and worry), perceived difficulty (dependency on others, disabling nature of the disease, multiple underlying diseases and mental health problems) and compatible adaptive reaction (acceptance of disability, improving health literacy, enhancement of spiritual health). Conclusions: Patients with stroke reported limited ability for self-care post-discharge, which had a considerable effect on their engagement in self-care behaviors and application of recommended treatment methods at home. The findings have implications for designing nurse-led interventions to promote self-care in this vulnerable patient population
Nonlinearity, Multilinearity, Simultaneity: Notes on Epistemological Structures
No full textThis paper addresses three paradigms in epistemological structures that could serve as preliminary classifications enabling a systematic approach to past and current media phenomena such as hypertext, diagrams and ubiquitous computing. Nonlinearity is discussed by Vilém Flusser in the context of "technical images." In his own approach to go beyond linear text, Flusser and his publisher created a digital version of his book Die Schrift on a floppy disk (1987), enabling the reader to jump between chapters or to rewrite the text. Multilinearity is a concept that is revived within the diagrammatology discourse, transcending linearity through topographical ways of reading. Current examples can be found in arts and narratives such as Chris Ware\u27s comics, who uses diagrammatics to blur the lines between the reader and the author. Simultaneity as a technological attribute is essential to current ubiquitous and pervasive technologies and services and draws heavily on Heideggerian concepts such as readiness-to-hand and background. In this epistemological shift, the information is instantaneously organized according to the user\u27s needs. Each of these epistemological structures offers a different idea about receiving and creating knowledge, information and communication, paving the way for narrative and media strategies that are more and more determined by a \u27reader\u27 becoming a \u27user\u27 and a \u27text\u27 becoming a \u27service.\u27
Image Credit: Chris Ware’s Diagram on the interior of the dust-jacket from Jimmy Corrigan, The Smartest Kid on Earth
A Combined Monte Carlo-Finite Volume based approach for 3-D Coupled Conduction-Radiation Heat Transfer in a Semi-Transparent Gas
No full textA 3-D approach for coupled conduction-radiation heat transfer in a semi-transparent grey gas is developed using a fully parallel OpenMP based combined Monte Carlo-Finite Volume method. The divergence of radiative flux is computed using Monte Carlo method and energy equation is solved by finite volume method. The Monte Carlo is a stochastic method which solves radiative transfer by tracing the histories of a high number of energy bundles or photons traveling through a medium from the source of emission. A problem of pure radiative equilibrium in a 3-D cubical enclosure is simulated prior to simulation of coupled conduction-radiation problem. The results were compared with other benchmark approximate solutions and an excellent agreement was achieved. The developed OpenMP code achieved good speed up performance compared to the serial code. A parametric study was also done by varying the conduction-radiation parameter
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Geothermal and Mineral Fluids from Baden-Baden Geothermal Field (Southeastern Germany
No full text Volumetric (density), acoustic (speed of sound), and transport (viscosity) properties of tree natural geothermal and mineral fluids from Baden-Baden Geothermal Field (Southeastern Germany) (Kirchenstollen, Friedrichsstollen, and Murquelle) have been measured over the temperature range from (278 to 363) K and at atmospheric pressure. The density and speed of sound measurements were made using the Anton Paar DSA5000M densimeter. Stabinger SVM3000 viscometer was employed for precise measurement of the same geothermal and mineral fluid samples from the Kirchenstollen, Friedrichsstollen, and Murquelle wells. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, viscosity, and speed of sound measurements at the 95 % confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 are estimated to be density: 0.01 %, 0.35 % and 0.1 %, respectively. Measured values of density and speed of sound were used to calculate other very important for technological applications derived thermodynamic properties (KS, KT,ap, gV,∆H,CV,Cp) of the geothermal and mineral fluid samples. Riedel’s type correlation models for natural geothermal fluids were developed on the bases of the measured values of density, viscosity, and speed of sound. The measured properties at atmospheric pressure have been used as a reference data for prediction high pressure properties of the geothermal and mineral fluids.
 
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A HOHENHEIM SOLAR DRYER FOR PULP AND HUSK\u27S COFFEE IN PERU
No full textPeruvian coffee is increasingly sought after in the world for its taste and special aromas, however, the pulp and husk are currently a waste of the coffee industry that can be exploited.
The present research demonstrated that using renewable energy through a Hohenheim type solar dryer a dried final product was obtained in a short period of time. It was obtained that for an initial weight of 0.067 Kg of coffee pulp, with a relative humidity of 85 % in wet basis; a final weight of 0.009 Kg was reached in 8 hours, using a flow rate of 0.114 m3 s-1, tested in Lima, Peru
Numerical Study on Slot Mist Jet Impingement Cooling on a Flat Plate
No full textThe work presents the numerical investigation of a slot mist jet impingement on a heated flat plate surface at 350K. A
two-dimensional model was analyzed with mist (air +water) as working fluid. The distance from nozzle exit to the surface
of the heated plate is 4 times of the nozzle diameter. The numerical analysis was done with Res =2750 by varying the
volume fraction (1 -10) % and size of droplet diameter from (1-300)μm. Two different turbulence models use for
calculation i.e. k-Epsilon and k-Omega SST model and also show the difference of two model results. Injection of mist
causes the significant increase of heat transfer coefficient of the plate as compared to the single air transfer coefficient.
The local heat transfer coefficient results were compared with experimental results
Combustion Characteristics and Burning Velocity of CH4/H2-Air Mixtures in a City Gas Burner
No full textBy using a power-to-gas technology, methane can be formed from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Since hydrogen is produced from renewable sources, this synthetic natural gas would be green methane. However, it inevitably includes some hydrogen, we must evaluate the effect of hydrogen before the usage of the synthetic natural gas. In this study, we added hydrogen to the mixture of methane and air, and examined the combustion of hydrogen and methane. We used a city gas burner, which is a model burner of commercially available burners on the market. The observed flame structure was classified as an attached flame, a lifted flame, double flames, and a diffusion flame. The double flames are composed of an inner premixed flame and an outer diffusion flame. In order to detect the instantaneous flame zone, we applied an OH-PLIF (planar laser-induced fluorescence) technique. To make clear the effect of hydrogen, methane was replaced by hydrogen. We kept the total flow rate of methane, hydrogen, and air. Interestingly, when hydrogen was added in the premixed mixture, the OH concentration as well as the burning velocity increased, suggesting that the combustion in the premixed flame was promoted by hydrogen
Heat Transfer Enhancement of Micro-Porous Channels and Alumina Nanofluid: An Experimental Study
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine if varying flow rate impacts the heat transfer enhancement of nanofluid when compared to distilled water. The nanofluid that was selected for this experiment was alumina and at a volume concentration of 0.6%. The test block had three micro-porous channels and the permeability of the metal foam inserted into the channels were 10 and 20 PPI. The varying flow rates were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 USGPM. The flow rate that had the best heat transfer enhancement for alumina nanofluid and distilled water was at 0.3 USGPM. When comparing alumina, nanofluid and distilled water at 0.3 USGPM and, 10 and 20 PPI, alumina nanofluid has an increased performance of 3.84% and 4.62%, respectively. Thus, at 0.3 USGPM with alumina nanofluid with either 10 or 20 PPI, has the greatest improvement in heat transfer enhancement
