Toronto Metropolitan University Open Journals
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Healthy on our own terms: Indigenous wellbeing and the colonized food system
No full textIndigenous peoples’ health is often reported through physical health disparities and prevalence of chronic disease experiences. Western perspectives often quantify health by reducing it to a set of numbers using a bio-medical approach. Health for Indigenous peoples in Canada is experienced more holistically, through a broader concept of “being well”, which is achieved through relationships to other people, to the land and creation, and to our ancestors in the spiritual realm. Using this Indigenous lens, the notion of health is applied to the food systems and to healthy eating. Indigenous peoples maintain their health through accessing fresh, original and healthy foods on their traditional lands. In order do so, traditional food systems are composed of a network of complex relationships that include the physical, emotional, spiritual, and intellectual aspects of learning and teaching ways of the land as well as food skills. These relationships feed people holistically through the connection to the land and vice versa. Colonization has created numerous barriers for Indigenous peoples to be healthy on their own terms. There is a great deal of pain associated with food for Indigenous peoples as a result of starvation tactics during treaty negotiation processes, residential schools, nutrition experiments, and hunting and fishing laws which have impacted Indigenous peoples’ ability to eat original foods and maintain their health. The concepts of health and wellbeing, in the context of Indigenous food systems and cultures, should be adapted to serve the needs and represent the realities of Indigenous peoples
Consuming health, negotiating risk, "eating right": Exploring the limits of choice through a feminist intersectional lens
No full textIn the health-risk society, food choice is framed through public health nutrition and dietary risks which are produced through nutritionism and econutrition. Dietary guidelines recommend the consumption of functional foods to target bodily health (Scrinis 2013; Mudry 2010), whereas ecological nutrition pushes sustainable diets for planetary health (Mason & Lang 2017; Friedberg, 2016). These healthy eating discourses construct dietary food risks and reorient ideas about what constitutes good food and eating right. This paper explores how food risk discourses extend the moralizing of healthism through emerging public health nutrition discourses and the ‘new public health.’ I suggest that in considering what constitutes eating right, dietary health risks extend individual responsibility for bodily health to increasing responsibility for the health of our environment or ecosystems, exercised as choice over the foods one chooses to eat. The feminine-citizen-subject is particularly targeted because as Moore (2010) contends, hegemonic femininity is constructed through beliefs about health and the healthy body. Thinking through feminist intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1991) however, I draw attention to the limits of choice and individualized approaches to managing food risk given the structural constraints of food and health
Electronic Cooling Using Finned Aluminum Metal Foam Heat Sink: Experimental and Numerical Approach
No full textThe rapid improvements in electronic devices have led to a high demand for effective cooling techniques. The purpose of this study was to investigate the heat transfer characteristics and performance of different aluminum heat sinks filled with aluminum foam for an Intel core i7 processor. The aluminum foam heat sinks were subjected to water flow covering the non-Darcy flow regime (300 to 600 Reynolds numbers). Three different heat sinks were examined in this study. Models (A), (B) and (C) contained two, three and four channels, respectively. Each channel gap was filled with ERG aluminum foam. The experimental data were compared to the numerical results. The average Nusselt number was obtained for the range of Reynolds numbers and an empirical correlation of the average Nusselt number as a function of the Reynolds number was derived for each heat sink. The thermal performance of each aluminum foam heat sink was evaluated based on the average Nusselt number and the required pumping power. The experimental results revealed that model (B) achieved the highest average Nusselt number compared with models (A) and (C)
Relationship between EU Emission Allowances and Energy and Industry Sector in Europe: Analysis with Vector Error Correction Model
No full textThe aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between EU emission allowance prices and electricity, industry, energy, metal, and oil & gas sector, which have the highest emissions and are required to participate in the system. The data used in the study are EU emission allowance prices, EuroFirst 300 electricity index, EuroFirst 300 industrial index, EuroFirst 300 metal, and mining index, EuroFirst 300 oil & gas index, and MSCI Europe energy index. Daily data were analyzed between 2014-2018. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was used for the analysis because of the cointegration relationship between the variables. According to the results of the analysis, there is a two-way relationship between EU emission allowance prices and electricity, industry and oil & gas index, and a one-way relationship from EU emission allowance prices to metal & mining and energy index
Heat Transfer Mechanism in Heavy Oil Saturated Reservoir Rocks at High Temperatures
No full textA laser flash method (micro-flash apparatus LFA 457) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC 204 F1) were employed to study of the temperature effect on the thermophysical properties (thermal diffusivity, heat capacityand thermal conductivity) of the natural oil saturated reservoir rock sample. A relationship between the thermophysical properties behavior and the physical-chemical processes occurring in the rock’s pore fluids during heating in distinct temperature ranges was established. The measurements of the thermal – diffusivity and heat capacity have been made over the temperature range from (296 to 1000) K. Uncertainties of the measurements are 3 % and 1 % for and , respectively. The significant effect of heavy oil thermal decomposition on the measured values of heat-capacity of reservoir rock sample at high temperatures (above 680 K) was experimentally found. We experimentally observed temperature anomaly of the heat capacity of rocks ample in distinct temperature ranges, around 380 K (low -temperature range) and 680 K (high -temperature range). Measured values of thermal diffusivity () and heat capacity () together with density data (r=2340 kg∙m-3) were used to calculate the derived key properties, thermal conductivities () of the rock sample, using very well-known relation,
Experimental investigation of using Graphene Oxide with Ethylene Glycol and Water mixture to improve the performance of a car radiator
No full textNanofluids offer a good alternative heat transfer mediums with approximately five-fold heat transfer enhancement. This paper presents the results from a research study carried out on the use of Graphene Oxide/ Ethylene glycol Mixture (GnO/H2O-EG) Nanofluid as the heat transfer medium in a car radiator. The radiator consisted of 30 vertical tubes with elliptical cross section. Air makes a cross flow inside the tube bank with constant speed. The system was tested with three different Nanofluid concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% by weight). The tests were conducted for flow rates ranging between 2 to 5 lit/min which corresponds to Reynolds number between 14000 and 38000. The effect on fluid outlet temperature to the radiator was analyzed for different flow rates and constant inlet temperature. The data were compared to that obtained with potable water in the radiator. The result of the comparison revealed that the use of graphene oxide increased the temperature drop across can radiator by upto 22 % compared to 50% Glycol mixture
A THERMAL MODEL OF A DOME TYPE SOLAR DRYER WITH FORCED CIRCULATION FOR CHILLIES DRYING PROCESS
No full textGlobalization has allowed various products of biodiversity to be commercialized in different parts of the world. The chilies are one of the most favorite products to be used all over kitchens in the world to prepare exotic dishes with new flavors from Latin America and Asia. Generally, this product has an initial moisture content of around 270% on dried basis.
It is proposed, in this scientific paper, to analyze the influence of a new geometric shape for the roof of a solar dryer in the form of a dome, and to perform a parametric analysis for the evaluation of constructive and thermal advantages. The development of a thermal model allows the prediction of the behavior of a dome type dryer with a forced circulation until the product gets 10% of moisture content in dried basis is obtained and the time required
Supersonic ejectors used in refrigeration: what can CFD do for you?
No full textThe present paper proposes a quick summary of the numerical models developed to investigate the fluid flow and exergy transfer within supersonic ejectors used in the refrigeration industry. The flow physics and applications being quite different depending on the single- or two-phase nature of the flow within the ejector, the discussion is divided in two parts, one for single-phase ejectors for heat driven refrigeration cycle and the other for transcritical CO2 ejectors. It ends with some perspectives to better understand the physics of supersonic ejectors and enhance their performance
An Intelligent Algorithm for Designing High Carbon Bainitic Steels
No full textIn this paper, we present an artificial intelligence-based approach to determine the optimal alloying element and heat treatment conditions to design steels with specific material properties. Specifically, we used a particle swarm algorithm that is suited for a fast global search on a multi-dimensional search space to determine an optimal combination of alloying elements and heat treatment schedule to obtain steels with a specific hardness value. The search space is a combination of 7 alloying elements and heat treatment conditions. The algorithm includes a reduced-order hardness model to evaluate the hardness and the manufacturing cost for the combination of alloying elements and heat treatment conditions. The algorithm has been successfully employed to design steels with three different target values of hardness
INVESTIGATING THE CLADDING PROCESS UNDER THE MAGNETIC FIELD
No full textMaximal height of the cladded surface in a period is one of the important parameters to increase the productivity of the cladding process. For this purpose, the complex parameters were analyzed, which affect the cladding process under magnetic field and evaluate the influence of these parameters to the stability of the weld-pool. The Article is proposed for the controlling of the melting process under the influence of a magnetic field and to improve the productivity of the process