University of Victoria Journals
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The Barbizon School (1830-1870): Expanding the Landscape of the Modern Art Market
No full textDuring the 1830s to the 1870s, a cohort of French artists developed new approaches to landscape painting and became known collectively as the Barbizon School. This informal group of artists were proponents of an innovative way of painting in which nature was the central subject of their artworks. Moreover, nature was depicted without the classical idealization or polished refinement required by the French Academy at the time. Barbizon artists were also the catalysts for changes in how art was sold during the 19th century, paving the way for an open art market system that spread across the globe and continues unchanged to this day. Using Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796-1875) as a case study, I establish the ways in which the Barbizon School forged new stylistic and economic possibilities for later modern art movements, most prominently Impressionism, outside the purview of the French Academy. I also highlight the ways in which the Barbizon artists and their supporters contributed to the formation of a new art market founded upon an interconnected network of producers, consumers, and distributors
Musical Connections: A Descriptive Study of Community-Based Choirs for Persons with Dementia and their Caregivers
No full textThis descriptive qualitative study explores the key characteristics, benefits, and lessons learned from community-based choirs for persons with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers based on reports from choir administrators and directors. Although there is growing interest in choirs for PwD, there has been no synthesis of information on these choirs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between December 2016 and February 2017 with six administrators and/or directors of community-based choirs for PwD and their caregivers. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Content analyses indicated that choirs had many similarities in membership (e.g., early to mid-stage dementia), establishing formal sections (e.g., soprano, alto, tenor, bass), administration (e.g., leadership, fees), and music programming (e.g., public performance, duration, and length of practice sessions). Benefits of the choir include enjoyment, sense of purpose, empowerment, caregiver support and respite, and increased awareness of dementia by others. In conclusion, this descriptive study suggests that community-based choirs are a cost effective and valuable program that improve quality of life for PwD and caregivers
Mark Edmundson, "Self and Soul: A Defense of Ideals."
No full textMark Edmundson explores and defends the value of ideals in contemporary culture, focusing on courage, contemplation and compassion. In his argument, he explicates the ideas of authors and thinkers such Homer, Plato, and the Christian and Eastern religious traditions. Shakespeare and Frued are seen as detractors of the Soul
Susan Sugarman, "What Freud Really Meant: A Chronological Reconstruction of his Theory of the Mind."
No full textThe book reviewed is a chronological reconstruction of Freud\u27s theory of mind which claims a particular significance for the later theoretical writings as motivated by both prior developments in the body of theory and new materials to explain
ADOLESCENTS NEGOTIATING ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE, URBAN COMMUNITY
No full textIn this study we examined the negotiation of romantic relationships by urban youth, as discussed in focus groups, in a multicultural community. We compared these urban-student findings for an emergent fit with previously reported findings from more homogeneous groups of rural students. The unifying category, wrestling with gender expectations, which was identified in the rural studies, also emerged in the present study. A new unifying category represented urban participants’ balancing cultural expectations in the contexts of their families and social groups. Three categories from the former rural studies emerged in the present urban study: making sacrifices, showing respect, and standing up for oneself; and a new category emerged: communicating. While the rural students identified media as critical contextual conditions for romantic relationships, the current urban teens identified digital and social media as crucial contextual conditions in dating relationships. Together, these findings suggest the importance of considering cultural and contextual aspects of youths’ dating processes for developing a grounded theory that reflects aspects of teens’ relational lives. Implications of this emergent theory are explored, and directions for future research are suggested
CORRELATES OF BINGE DRINKING IN A SAMPLE OF CANADIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
No full textThere is a lack of recent research exploring the differences between binge and non-binge drinkers among Canadian university students. The current study aims to address this gap in the literature through an exploratory statistical analysis. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were employed to identify the prevalence of binge drinking, as well as its various sociodemographic, behavioural, and mental health correlates. A large majority (83.1%) of the 507 respondents reported consuming alcohol in the previous 12 months; of these, 69.7% (67.0% of males, 70.9% of females) reported engaging in binge drinking (5 drinks in one session for males, 4 for females) at least once in the previous 30 days. Although there was no significant gender difference in the prevalence of binge drinking, there were several gender differences among the correlates. Compared to non-binge drinkers, male binge drinkers reported greater life satisfaction, and greater probability of smoking cigarettes and engaging in risky sex, while females reported greater impulsivity and lower religiosity. As expected, binge drinkers experienced more adverse consequences from alcohol consumption than did non-binge drinkers, but unexpectedly did not differ significantly in mental health and wellbeing. Limitations of the present study and future research directions are discussed with a view to improving our understanding of risk and protective factors related to unhealthy alcohol consumption among university students in Canada and abroad
CARING FOR “PARENTLESS” CHILDREN: AN EXPLORATION OF WORK STRESSORS AND RESOURCES AS EXPERIENCED BY CAREGIVERS IN CHILDREN’S HOMES IN GHANA
No full textThe experience of stress by workers in any work environment has negative impacts on employee health and productivity. However, work resources are known to have possible neutralizing impacts on the negative effects of stress depending on the availability of those resources and the extent to which employees are able to identify and utilize them. This study explores this stress–resource relationship and its implications in a work context where the lives of vulnerable children depend on the wellbeing and productivity of their employed caregivers. Qualitative exploratory techniques were used to investigate the sources and nature of stressors experienced by caregivers and the extent to which caregivers identify and utilize resources available in that work environment. Participants comprised 41 caregivers from 2 children’s homes in Ghana. It emerged that aspects of the work environment that were identified as stressors also tended to be identified as resources for caregivers. These included the children, the work environment, institution–community relations, and relationships between caregivers and their own families. Caregiver faith and intrinsic motivation stood out as the most frequently reported of the resources upon which caregivers drew to cope with their jobs