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PREDICTING ADULTS’ APPROVAL OF PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT FROM THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES
No full textMost physical violence against children in their homes is rooted in physical punishment. Parents’ approval of physical punishment is a primary predictor of its use. Therefore, reducing approval of physical punishment is critical to preventing physical violence against children. We explored the relative contributions of four variables to young adults’ approval of physical punishment with the aim of identifying effective routes to prevention. The participants were 480 first-year university students in 3 Canadian provinces. The outcome measure was a scale assessing participants’ approval of physical punishment. The predictor variables were four dimensions of participants’ perceptions of their childhood physical punishment experiences: physical (frequency, severity), cognitive (perceived abusiveness, perceived deservedness), affective (short- and long-term emotional impact), and contextual (degree to which it was accompanied by reasoning, power assertion, emotional abuse, or emotional support). Most (73%) of the participants had experienced physical punishment in childhood. Of these, 78% had experienced punishments other than mild spanking with the hand; one fifth had been pushed against a wall, and one third had been hit with objects. The strongest predictor of participants’ approval of physical punishment was a belief that their experiences were deserved. Reducing approval of physical punishment requires strategies to alter the perception that children deserve violence
SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN RESIDENTIAL CARE: RESULTS AND EXPERIENCES FROM THE EVALUATION OF CHILD AND YOUTH CARE (EVAS)
No full textEVAS is the largest study in Germany that evaluates the structures, processes, and results of residential care. The results show a success rate of over 60% and a cost-benefit ratio of 3:1. The study provides a number of indications as to what works; for example, the willingness to cooperate and the participation of the clients, a well-founded social-educational diagnosis, and a sufficient duration of help
IMPACT OF RESIDENTIAL CARE CULTURE ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF CARE LEAVERS
No full textThe quality of life of young adult residential care leavers is influenced by several factors. The impact of the residential care environment can be conceptualised as organisational culture. In our empirical study we explored how organisational culture affects the quality of life of care leavers. The research was conducted using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods in 8 selected residential care facilities in Slovakia, and among 39 young care leavers. Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed using methods associated with grounded theory, and data obtained via questionnaires were analysed using statistical methods. The results show that adequate material conditions, adherence to facility rules, the space to act independently, responsive care, support in planning for the future, mutual assistance, and social support from peers and others are all likely to contribute to a higher quality of life for care leavers
FACING THE GENERATION CHASM: THE PARENTING AND TEACHING OF GENERATIONS Y AND Z
No full textThe Millennials, or Generation Y, have been receiving increasing attention as these young people have entered tertiary institutions and the workplace over the past decade. Their behavior towards authority is coming under sharper scrutiny as they prepare to move into leadership positions. For example, their assertiveness received both positive and negative attention in the South African media during the “fees must fall” campaign. While parents, caregivers, teachers, and employers wonder about the best approach to Millennials, Generation Z are also entering post-secondary schools. Parenting approaches and the role of technology are being reevaluated. Within this context the article provides strategies that might be used to understand and guide these generations, thus helping avoid a generation gap that would threaten healthy relationships with our youth. After highlighting the differences between the attributes of these generations of young people and the generations who raised them, concepts such as character qualities, digital nativeness, and global civic engagement will receive attention. The convergence of such concepts will be used to recommend strategies for use in the parenting and teaching of Generations Y and Z
THE BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND FAMILY QUALITY OF LIFE: APPLYING RESEARCH, POLICY, AND PRACTICE TO INDIVIDUAL AND FAMILY LIVING
No full textThis article introduces the concepts of quality of life and family quality of life and shows how they have developed in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities in terms of concepts and principles. The article underscores the relevance of many of the principles and practices to a wide range of disabilities and challenges in the broad field of human development. Finally, the article provides an introduction to the other articles in this special issue, and considers their relationship to the broader areas of research, practice, and policy
THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF HAPPINESS: ESSENTIAL RESOURCES FOR A HAPPY FAMILY
No full textIt is normal for people to feel positive about the quality of their lives, despite the presence of challenges. Of special interest here are the challenges of caring for a child or a disabled family member. How do the adults living within such families maintain a positive self-view? Answering this question requires an understanding of subjective well-being as it applies to each individual family member and of the management system that strives to keep each person feeling positive. This paper describes various psychological components of this homeostatic management system, together with a consideration of the most useful resources to support homeostasis. Key resources have been identified by using the Personal Wellbeing Index, a seven-item scale measuring subjective well-being (mood happiness). Over many studies, researchers have found considerable agreement that three kinds of resources — “the Golden Triangle” — are consistently more relevant to subjective well-being than the others. These are feelings of satisfaction with income, relationships, and life purpose. The implications for interventions that offer support to families in need are discussed
L\u27amitié de Tristan et Lancelot: une topique narrative récurrente depuis Roland et Olivier
No full textL’amitié de Tristan et Lancelot : une topique narrative récurrente depuis Roland et Olivier Tristan, dans Le roman de Tristan en prose est le compagnon et l’ami de Lancelot du Lac le meilleur chevalier de la table ronde. On reconnaît dans la topique narrative de l’amitié qui lie Tristan à Lancelot, des éléments déjà rencontrés dans d’autres textes qui présentent des amitiés célèbres. Ainsi La chanson de Roland qui évoque l’amitié de Roland et Olivier et La chanson de Girard de Vienne qui nous narre la naissance de l’amitié entre les deux chevaliers.Le Lancelot, autre texte du XIIIe siècle raconte l’amitié de Lancelot et de Galehaut, amitié qui n’est pas du tout inconnue à l’auteur du Tristan en prose.Lorsqu’il met en scène l’amitié de Lancelot et de Tristan, le prosateur du Tristan en prose se souvient de tous ces textes antérieurs d’où un grand nombre d’éléments récurrents.On rencontre des motifs récurrents dans la topique narrative de l’amitié, de la naissance de l’amitié à la mort de l’ami. L’ami se présente comme un double. Ainsi Tout comme Lancelot est le meilleur chevalier du royaume de Logres, Tristan est le meilleur chevalier de Cornouailles. Tristan comme Lancelot est un chevalier adultère, comme Lancelot, il est amoureux de sa reine.Nous nous proposons d’étudier les éléments présents dans la topique narrative de l’amitié de Tristan et de Lancelot dans Le Roman de Tristan en prose, et de les comparer aux éléments développés dans Girard de Vienne et dans La chanson de Roland, d’une part (pour Roland et Olivier) et dans le Lancelot, d’autre part (pour Lancelot et Galehaut).
Garcilaso y Góngora: Un análisis del carpe diem en el Renacimiento y el Barroco
No full textEl tema del carpe diem comunica la idea de aprovecharse del día; los sonetos de Garcilaso de la Vega y Luis de Góngora lo representan de manera distinta. La poesía renacentista, representada aquí por Garcilaso, busca la armonía, la naturalidad, la elegancia y la sencillez. A través de tales conceptos, la poesía evoca una sensación de optimismo al describir la belleza de la mujer y mostrar las maravillas del amor y la naturaleza. Al contrario, la poesía barroca está caracterizada por la exageración y el pesimismo. En la época de Góngora, la vida es vista como un largo sueño con un final inevitable, la muerte. Este artículo analiza las similitudes y diferencias entre estos dos movimientos literarios en base al estudio del “Soneto XXIII” de Garcilaso y “Mientras por competir con tu cabello” de Góngora. Estos dos sonetos se enfocan en la fugacidad del tiempo y la belleza efímera. Aunque hay similitudes en la estructura y el contenido, los dos sonetos expresan perspectivas distintas del carpe diem que aparecen claramente en los desenlaces.El tema del carpe diem comunica la idea de aprovecharse del día; los sonetos de Garcilaso de la Vega y Luis de Góngora lo representan de manera distinta. La poesía renacentista, representada aquí por Garcilaso, busca la armonía, la naturalidad, la elegancia y la sencillez. A través de tales conceptos, la poesía evoca una sensación de optimismo al describir labelleza de la mujer y mostrar las maravillas del amor y la naturaleza. Al contrario, la poesía barroca está caracterizada por la exageración y el pesimismo. En la época de Góngora, la vida esvista como un largo sueño con un final inevitable, la muerte. Este artículo analiza las similitudes y diferencias entre estos dos movimientos literarios en base al estudio del “Soneto XXIII” de Garcilaso y “Mientras por competir con tu cabello” de Góngora. Estos dos sonetos se enfocan en la fugacidad del tiempo y la belleza efímera. Aunque hay similitudes en la estructura y el contenido, los dos sonetos expresan perspectivas distintas del carpe diem que aparecen claramente en los desenlaces
Editorial: Is there a (North-)West Coast Shakespeare?
No full textEditorial: Is there a (North-)West Coast Shakespeare