Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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Fryderyk Chopin w literaturze francuskiej: od figury romantycznej do ikony popkultury
Full text linkThe reception of Chopin and his music in French literature follows the rhythm of the changes in the European intellectual and aesthetic climates. George Sand recorded in her memoirs the image of a romantic genius par excellence, a dark, torn and complicated soul. The decadent and symbolist poetry, best exemplified by Maurice Rollinat, presents a portrait ofa blood-spitting neurasthenic, a soulmate of the poet. Marcel Proust paints the image of an elegant dandy and exquisite artist, while the first part of the twentieth century is dominated by the neoromantic vision of Chopin as a great Polish patriot; this theme is perfectly illustrated by the poems of Anna de Noailles and Edmond Rostand. André Gide presents a radicallynew view of Chopin’s music, seeing the Polish composer as a neoclassicist pianist. Contemporary literature and art go on to dress Chopin in jeans, eagerly turning him into a mass culture hero.The reception of Chopin and his music in French literature follows the rhythm of the changes in the European intellectual and aesthetic climates. George Sand recorded in her memoirs the image of a romantic genius par excellence, a dark, torn and complicated soul. The decadent and symbolist poetry, best exemplified by Maurice Rollinat, presents a portrait ofa blood-spitting neurasthenic, a soulmate of the poet. Marcel Proust paints the image of an elegant dandy and exquisite artist, while the first part of the twentieth century is dominated by the neoromantic vision of Chopin as a great Polish patriot; this theme is perfectly illustrated by the poems of Anna de Noailles and Edmond Rostand. André Gide presents a radicallynew view of Chopin’s music, seeing the Polish composer as a neoclassicist pianist. Contemporary literature and art go on to dress Chopin in jeans, eagerly turning him into a mass culture hero
Przybrany ojciec. Czesław Miłosz w Chinach
Full text linkCzesław Miłosz remains among the most important foreign authors and literary authorities for Chinese poets. Initially received in China with distrust and uncertainty, then portrayed in the official state discourse of romantic-revolutionary literature as the bard of socialism, Miłosz became the spiritual father of the younger generation affected by the Cultural Revolution and Tiananmen Square Massacre, a witness of the age, and a symbol of intellectual independence and resistance against totalitarianism. After a period of reading Miłosz in terms of ethical and political categories, Chinese reviews and literary texts in the 2010s and 2020s increasingly refer to Miłosz as philosophical and metaphysical poet. This article analyses Miłosz’s reception in China, paying attention to the historical, cultural, and linguistic factors that shaped the assimilation of his work and the values he brought to Chinese poetry.Czesław Miłosz remains among the most important foreign authors and literary authorities for Chinese poets. Initially received in China with distrust and uncertainty, then portrayed in the official state discourse of romantic-revolutionary literature as the bard of socialism, Miłosz became the spiritual father of the younger generation affected by the Cultural Revolution and Tiananmen Square Massacre, a witness of the age, and a symbol of intellectual independence and resistance against totalitarianism. After a period of reading Miłosz in terms of ethical and political categories, Chinese reviews and literary texts in the 2010s and 2020s increasingly refer to Miłosz as philosophical and metaphysical poet. This article analyses Miłosz’s reception in China, paying attention to the historical, cultural, and linguistic factors that shaped the assimilation of his work and the values he brought to Chinese poetry
Literatura polska w oczach Chinki polonistki. Z Li Yinan rozmawiają Elżbieta Winiecka i Joanna Krenz
Full text linkThe article presents the dynamics, characteristics and the shifting paradigms of the reception of Polish literature in China from 2012 to 2020. The author analyses the reasons for the popularity of the most often translated and read Polish authors on the Chinese publishing market, with particular interest in Czesław Miłosz, Olga Tokarczuk and Andrzej Sapkowski. She also presents the translators – both experienced and often recognised and awarded doyens of Polish studies in China, and those from the intermediate and youngest generations to whom the oldest ones passed the knowledge, skills, passion and the sense of common mission of building cross-cultural dialogue through literature.The article presents the dynamics, characteristics and the shifting paradigms of the reception of Polish literature in China from 2012 to 2020. The author analyses the reasons for the popularity of the most often translated and read Polish authors on the Chinese publishing market, with particular interest in Czesław Miłosz, Olga Tokarczuk and Andrzej Sapkowski. She also presents the translators – both experienced and often recognised and awarded doyens of Polish studies in China, and those from the intermediate and youngest generations to whom the oldest ones passed the knowledge, skills, passion and the sense of common mission of building cross-cultural dialogue through literature
Gdzie rozgrywa się akcja Dzieci szatana Stanisława Przybyszewskiego? Destrukcja i rekonstrukcja świata przedstawionego
Full text linkOne of the characteristics that make Stanisław Przybyszewski’s novels stand out from other contemporary works is the deliberately limited description of the outside world up to the point of blurring the identity of the location where the plot of a given work takes place. In the case of Dzieci Szatana (Satan’s Children), (German Satans Kinder, 1897; Polish edition 1899), one may even talk about ‘a total destruction of the represented world’ (Gabriela Matuszek). At the same time, the author’s numerous comments apparently allow for translating this ‘destruction’ happening in the course of the creative process into a ‘reconstruction’ that corresponds to it in the process of reading. It is through reviewing in more detail and combining various pieces of information included in Dzieci Szatana that directly or indirectly refer to the place of action, as well as confronting them with the biographical, historical and geographic contexts that one may identify with surprising precision the exact place represented in the text and, as a result, to uncover an entirely new aspect of novel axiology.One of the characteristics that make Stanisław Przybyszewski’s novels stand out from other contemporary works is the deliberately limited description of the outside world up to the point of blurring the identity of the location where the plot of a given work takes place. In the case of Dzieci Szatana (Satan’s Children), (German Satans Kinder, 1897; Polish edition 1899), one may even talk about ‘a total destruction of the represented world’ (Gabriela Matuszek). At the same time, the author’s numerous comments apparently allow for translating this ‘destruction’ happening in the course of the creative process into a ‘reconstruction’ that corresponds to it in the process of reading. It is through reviewing in more detail and combining various pieces of information included in Dzieci Szatana that directly or indirectly refer to the place of action, as well as confronting them with the biographical, historical and geographic contexts that one may identify with surprising precision the exact place represented in the text and, as a result, to uncover an entirely new aspect of novel axiology
Frédéric Chopin, entre exacerbation romantique du modèle vocal et innovations percussives : une mixité dynamique
Full text linkAfter some in-depth analysis, for instance, of the first Ballade in G minor (1836), Frédéric Chopin’s music reveals itself as a striking case of a musical equilibrium between two major musical tendencies. On the one hand, his music brings the reaching towards an idealised voice to a full and very convincing development. His musical themes sing most of the time while all the main characteristics of his writing explore continuous spaces, to the extent the piano can achieve. He uses many melodic chromaticisms and broad gestures, very voice-like phrasings ranging from the most delicate pianissimi to the extremely dramatic fortissimo, and other vocal features. On the other hand, his music is unavoidably written for a percussion instrument (the piano), makes much use of rhythms and often dances as well, while his accompaniments are thick with vertical features, accents and other percussive traits. In reality, Chopin’s music is in a striking state of equilibrium between the vocal and the percussive and constitutes a rich case of a mixed status between the two poles. Perhaps for one of the last times in Western music, Chopin is precisely at the point of equilibrium, before the rise of the percussive that gave birth to much of the twentieth century’s music. Chopin’s music will remain a true and much beloved monument of equilibrium.After some in-depth analysis, for instance, of the first Ballade in G minor (1836), Frédéric Chopin’s music reveals itself as a striking case of a musical equilibrium between two major musical tendencies. On the one hand, his music brings the reaching towards an idealised voice to a full and very convincing development. His musical themes sing most of the time while all the main characteristics of his writing explore continuous spaces, to the extent the piano can achieve. He uses many melodic chromaticisms and broad gestures, very voice-like phrasings ranging from the most delicate pianissimi to the extremely dramatic fortissimo, and other vocal features. On the other hand, his music is unavoidably written for a percussion instrument (the piano), makes much use of rhythms and often dances as well, while his accompaniments are thick with vertical features, accents and other percussive traits. In reality, Chopin’s music is in a striking state of equilibrium between the vocal and the percussive and constitutes a rich case of a mixed status between the two poles. Perhaps for one of the last times in Western music, Chopin is precisely at the point of equilibrium, before the rise of the percussive that gave birth to much of the twentieth century’s music. Chopin’s music will remain a true and much beloved monument of equilibrium.After some in-depth analysis, for instance, of the first Ballade in G minor (1836), Frédéric Chopin’s music reveals itself as a striking case of a musical equilibrium between two major musical tendencies. On the one hand, his music brings the reaching towards an idealised voice to a full and very convincing development. His musical themes sing most of the time while all the main characteristics of his writing explore continuous spaces, to the extent the piano can achieve. He uses many melodic chromaticisms and broad gestures, very voice-like phrasings ranging from the most delicate pianissimi to the extremely dramatic fortissimo, and other vocal features. On the other hand, his music is unavoidably written for a percussion instrument (the piano), makes much use of rhythms and often dances as well, while his accompaniments are thick with vertical features, accents and other percussive traits. In reality, Chopin’s music is in a striking state of equilibrium between the vocal and the percussive and constitutes a rich case of a mixed status between the two poles. Perhaps for one of the last times in Western music, Chopin is precisely at the point of equilibrium, before the rise of the percussive that gave birth to much of the twentieth century’s music. Chopin’s music will remain a true and much beloved monument of equilibrium
Chopinowskie narracje z „dziecięcego pokoju”. Mistrz w czasopismach i publikacjach dla najmłodszych w XIX wieku – rekonesans
Full text linkThe article discusses the biographical accounts and stories about Frédéric Chopin published in the most representative children’s magazines of the turn of the twentieth century: Wieczory Rodzinne (Family evenings), Przyjaciel Dzieci (Children’s friend) and Moje Pisemko (My little magazine). A kind of complementary role to them is played by the analysis of Janina Sedlaczkówna’s 1891 book Dwaj mistrze: opowiadanie o życiu Artura Grottgera i Fryderyka Chopina (Two maestros: a story about the lives of Artur Grottger and Frédéric Chopin) and Teresa Jadwiga Papi’s stories from 1898 of the same title Dwaj mistrze (Two maestros) about Chopin and Moniuszko. The collected comments and conclusions are presented in relation to twentieth- century biographical texts about Chopin.The article discusses the biographical accounts and stories about Frédéric Chopin published in the most representative children’s magazines of the turn of the twentieth century: Wieczory Rodzinne (Family evenings), Przyjaciel Dzieci (Children’s friend) and Moje Pisemko (My little magazine). A kind of complementary role to them is played by the analysis of Janina Sedlaczkówna’s 1891 book Dwaj mistrze: opowiadanie o życiu Artura Grottgera i Fryderyka Chopina (Two maestros: a story about the lives of Artur Grottger and Frédéric Chopin) and Teresa Jadwiga Papi’s stories from 1898 of the same title Dwaj mistrze (Two maestros) about Chopin and Moniuszko. The collected comments and conclusions are presented in relation to twentieth- century biographical texts about Chopin
Ciało fortepianu – artykulacja doświadczenia cielesnego w korespondencji Fryderyka Chopina
Full text linkThe article focuses on the presentation and analysis of selected excerpts from Frédéric Chopin’s letters from the 1824-1849 period that illustrate their author’s attitude towards physical experiences. In contrast to the “disembodied” reception of the artist that reproduces the “soul of the piano” metaphor, the article describes a broad representation of the composer’s texts on physical appearance, the role of the body in the performance act, living through illness and the oncoming death. The cross-sectional and chronologically ordered study presented in the article shows the evolution of the subject’s attitude towards his own body along the progress of his illness. It is at the same time an illustration of the style and imagery used by the author of the letters while describing specific aspects of physical experience.The article focuses on the presentation and analysis of selected excerpts from Frédéric Chopin’s letters from the 1824-1849 period that illustrate their author’s attitude towards physical experiences. In contrast to the “disembodied” reception of the artist that reproduces the “soul of the piano” metaphor, the article describes a broad representation of the composer’s texts on physical appearance, the role of the body in the performance act, living through illness and the oncoming death. The cross-sectional and chronologically ordered study presented in the article shows the evolution of the subject’s attitude towards his own body along the progress of his illness. It is at the same time an illustration of the style and imagery used by the author of the letters while describing specific aspects of physical experience
L’inquiétante sincérité : Baudelaire et Chopin lus par André Gide
Full text linkWhy does André Gide so often compare Chopin to Baudelaire? For several reasons: because for him, the two artists are unique, irreplaceable, incomparable; because both were initially misunderstood; and because they are both classics of the nineteenth century. In other words, what distinguishes them, according to Gide, is their aesthetics of discretion, which is verysimilar to the one he develops in his own works – particularly those in which he defends the homosexual cause.Why does André Gide so often compare Chopin to Baudelaire? For several reasons: because for him, the two artists are unique, irreplaceable, incomparable; because both were initially misunderstood; and because they are both classics of the nineteenth century. In other words, what distinguishes them, according to Gide, is their aesthetics of discretion, which is verysimilar to the one he develops in his own works – particularly those in which he defends the homosexual cause
Narodowy geniusz, czyli portret Fryderyka Chopina w Ostatnim koncercie Stanisławy Fleszarowej-Muskat
Full text linkThe drama Ostatni koncert (The Last Concert) (1960) by Stanisława Fleszarowa-Muskat, originally written as a radio play, sits on the border between popular and fictional literature. The text was intended for a wide audience. The plot focuses on a single event – Frédéric Chopin’s last concert in Warsaw, just before his departure to France, which took place on October 11, 1830. Youth, as it was understood by the romantics, turns out to be a time that shaped Chopin’s artistic personality. In this drama, the independence background is important as it highlights Chopin’s ties to the fate of his homeland, which gives his music a patriotic and revolutionary dimension. In sounds, Chopin’s brilliant music expresses the essence of the Polish soul: its nobility and love of freedom. Chopin’s concert took place at a turning point both for the composer and for the nation whose spirit he expressed through sounds. The drama about Chopin, the national genius, is at the same time a drama about a national community that acquires its identity by identifying with his music.The drama Ostatni koncert (The Last Concert) (1960) by Stanisława Fleszarowa-Muskat, originally written as a radio play, sits on the border between popular and fictional literature. The text was intended for a wide audience. The plot focuses on a single event – Frédéric Chopin’s last concert in Warsaw, just before his departure to France, which took place on October 11, 1830. Youth, as it was understood by the romantics, turns out to be a time that shaped Chopin’s artistic personality. In this drama, the independence background is important as it highlights Chopin’s ties to the fate of his homeland, which gives his music a patriotic and revolutionary dimension. In sounds, Chopin’s brilliant music expresses the essence of the Polish soul: its nobility and love of freedom. Chopin’s concert took place at a turning point both for the composer and for the nation whose spirit he expressed through sounds. The drama about Chopin, the national genius, is at the same time a drama about a national community that acquires its identity by identifying with his music
Alternatywy wobec jednowymiarowości. Fenomen polskiej kultury niezależnej w PRL
Full text linkIn this article devoted to the independent culture in Polish People’s Republic, I put into dichotomic doubt the concept based on the clear division between the official and independent culture. The forms of creative activity that escaped the state censorship between 1976 and 1989 radically disrespected the directives of the state’s cultural policy, yet many years before the emergence of ‘the second circulation’, there were already numerous initiatives that sparked a rich spectrum of independent activity. The authors’ strategies to remain independent changed over time, to varying extent distanced the authors from the official artistic life and differed depending on the character of the authors’ intellectual activity. In the article, I attempt to prove the relatively weak influence of the ‘official dependent culture’ that fully respected the authorities’ instructions, and I propose a classification of creative strategies that also emerged in the official culture and allowed for a relatively free development of art and science. Using multiple examples from literature, cinema, visual arts, music and science, I discuss ‘controlled culture escaping the ideological instructions’, ‘official niche culture’, ‘culture confronting the limitations’, ‘licensed Catholic culture’, ‘second circulation culture’ and ‘third circulation culture.’ The practice of searching for a way out of the official one-dimensionality allowed Polish cultural identity to continue and save its most valuable intellectual and artistic values.In this article devoted to the independent culture in Polish People’s Republic, I put into dichotomic doubt the concept based on the clear division between the official and independent culture. The forms of creative activity that escaped the state censorship between 1976 and 1989 radically disrespected the directives of the state’s cultural policy, yet many years before the emergence of ‘the second circulation’, there were already numerous initiatives that sparked a rich spectrum of independent activity. The authors’ strategies to remain independent changed over time, to varying extent distanced the authors from the official artistic life and differed depending on the character of the authors’ intellectual activity. In the article, I attempt to prove the relatively weak influence of the ‘official dependent culture’ that fully respected the authorities’ instructions, and I propose a classification of creative strategies that also emerged in the official culture and allowed for a relatively free development of art and science. Using multiple examples from literature, cinema, visual arts, music and science, I discuss ‘controlled culture escaping the ideological instructions’, ‘official niche culture’, ‘culture confronting the limitations’, ‘licensed Catholic culture’, ‘second circulation culture’ and ‘third circulation culture.’ The practice of searching for a way out of the official one-dimensionality allowed Polish cultural identity to continue and save its most valuable intellectual and artistic values