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Fragments of Anger: A COLLECTIVE ACCOUNT OF ITALIAN YOUTH PRECARIOUSNESS IN LA RABBIA
Get PDFOne of the distinctive elements characterizing younger Italian generations is the overwhelming sense of job insecurity and existential precariousness. The lack of economic certainties and the impasse deriving from difficulty in projecting oneself into the future have therefore become crucial characteristics in many youth narratives. The article analyses the representation of the problematic relationship between young people and work through a medium in-between two worlds, the visual and the textual: comics. The study investigates the underground collective comic La Rabbia (Einaudi, 2016), which in eight stories voices the main anxieties of the so-called "precarious generation". Analyzing the artistic legacy of the 1977 Countercultural Movement, the article investigates the formal affordances of comics to express the discomfort of youth, and focuses on two aspects: first on how the peculiar fragmentary form of comics lends itself to represent the fragmentation and uncertainty of present times, and second on how underground comics employ their artistic freedom and formal complexity problematize the tension between collective and individual forms of enunciation.
Uno degli elementi distintivi delle giovani generazioni italiane è la crescente precarizzazione sia esistenziale che lavorativa. La mancanza di certezze economiche e la sensazione d’impasse derivante dalla difficoltà a proiettarsi nel futuro sono dunque diventate caratteristiche alla base di molte narrazioni giovanili odierne. L’articolo analizza la rappresentazione del problematico rapporto tra giovani e lavoro tramite un medium in equilibrio tra due mondi, quello grafico e quello verbale: il racconto a fumetti. Opera al centro dello studio sarà la raccolta di fumetti underground La Rabbia (Einaudi, 2016), che in otto racconti dà voce alle principali inquietudini della suddetta “generazione precaria”. Analizzando l’eredità artistica dal Movimento controculturale del 1977, l’articolo investiga le potenzialità formali del fumetto di esprimere il disagio giovanile incentrandosi su due aspetti: come la peculiare forma frammentaria del fumetto si presti a rappresentare la disgregazione e l’incertezza dei nostri tempi, e come il fumetto underground getti luce sulla tensione tra narrazione invidiale e collettiva proprio in virtù della sua libertà espressiva e complessità formale.Uno degli elementi distintivi delle giovani generazioni italiane è la crescente precarizzazione sia esistenziale che lavorativa. La mancanza di certezze economiche e la sensazione d’impasse derivante dalla difficoltà a proiettarsi nel futuro sono dunque diventate caratteristiche alla base di molte narrazioni giovanili odierne. L’articolo analizza la rappresentazione del problematico rapporto tra giovani e lavoro tramite un medium in equilibrio tra due mondi, quello grafico e quello verbale: il racconto a fumetti. Opera al centro dello studio sarà la raccolta di fumetti underground La Rabbia (Einaudi, 2016), che in otto racconti dà voce alle principali inquietudini della suddetta “generazione precaria”. Analizzando l’eredità artistica dal Movimento controculturale del 1977, l’articolo investiga le potenzialità formali del fumetto di esprimere il disagio giovanile incentrandosi su due aspetti: come la peculiare forma frammentaria del fumetto si presti a rappresentare la disgregazione e l’incertezza dei nostri tempi, e come il fumetto underground getti luce sulla tensione tra narrazione invidiale e collettiva proprio in virtù della sua libertà espressiva e complessità formale.Uno degli elementi distintivi delle giovani generazioni italiane è la crescente precarizzazione sia esistenziale che lavorativa. La mancanza di certezze economiche e la sensazione d’impasse derivante dalla difficoltà a proiettarsi nel futuro sono dunque diventate caratteristiche alla base di molte narrazioni giovanili odierne. L’articolo analizza la rappresentazione del problematico rapporto tra giovani e lavoro tramite un medium in equilibrio tra due mondi, quello grafico e quello verbale: il racconto a fumetti. Opera al centro dello studio sarà la raccolta di fumetti underground La Rabbia (Einaudi, 2016), che in otto racconti dà voce alle principali inquietudini della suddetta “generazione precaria”. Analizzando l’eredità artistica dal Movimento controculturale del 1977, l’articolo investiga le potenzialità formali del fumetto di esprimere il disagio giovanile incentrandosi su due aspetti: come la peculiare forma frammentaria del fumetto si presti a rappresentare la disgregazione e l’incertezza dei nostri tempi, e come il fumetto underground getti luce sulla tensione tra narrazione invidiale e collettiva proprio in virtù della sua libertà espressiva e complessità formale
Ecologie precarie. Per una lettura eco-critica di uomini, boschi e api
Get PDFENGLISH: In recent studies concerning labour literature, the “precarious” form of the short story has been arguably considered as the most suitable for the representation of precarious work conditions. This contribution develops these studies in eco-critical directions by examining the collection Uomini, boschi e api (1980) by Mario Rigoni Stern. The collection, published at the end of the decade wherein the first environmental debates emerged, focuses on the precarious ecologies in which the human and nonhuman entities living in the mountain ecosystem of the Asiago region are constantly embedded. Exploring this microcosm, which industrial and touristic development put at risk, Rigoni Stern urges readers to re-think the ethical grounds of human-non-human relationships, toward the sustainable horizon of a circular economy.ENGLISH: In recent studies concerning labour literature, the “precarious” form of the short story has been arguably considered as the most suitable for the representation of precarious work conditions. This contribution develops these studies in eco-critical directions by examining the collection Uomini, boschi e api (1980) by Mario Rigoni Stern. The collection, published at the end of the decade wherein the first environmental debates emerged, focuses on the precarious ecologies in which the human and nonhuman entities living in the mountain ecosystem of the Asiago region are constantly embedded. Exploring this microcosm, which industrial and touristic development put at risk, Rigoni Stern urges readers to re-think the ethical grounds of human-non-human relationships, toward the sustainable horizon of a circular economy.ENGLISH: In recent studies concerning labour literature, the “precarious” form of the short story has been arguably considered as the most suitable for the representation of precarious work conditions. This contribution develops these studies in eco-critical directions by examining the collection Uomini, boschi e api (1980) by Mario Rigoni Stern. The collection, published at the end of the decade wherein the first environmental debates emerged, focuses on the precarious ecologies in which the human and nonhuman entities living in the mountain ecosystem of the Asiago region are constantly embedded. Exploring this microcosm, which industrial and touristic development put at risk, Rigoni Stern urges readers to re-think the ethical grounds of human-non-human relationships, toward the sustainable horizon of a circular economy.ITALIANO: Nella recente evoluzione degli studi riguardanti la letteratura del lavoro, la forma breve e “precaria” del racconto è stata riconosciuta come particolarmente adatta ad affrontare il tema della precarietà lavorativa. Il seguente contributo si propone di allargare gli orizzonti di questi studi in senso eco-critico analizzando la raccolta Uomini, boschi e api (1980) di Mario Rigoni Stern. La raccolta, pubblicata alla fine di un decennio in cui emersero i primi dibattiti sulla questione ambientale, riflette sulle ecologie precarie in cui esseri umani e non-umani appartenenti all’ecosistema montanaro dell’Altopiano di Asiago sono costantemente coinvolti. Esplorando questo microcosmo messo a repentaglio dallo sviluppo industriale e turistico, Rigoni Stern afferma la necessità di rifondare i rapporti tra umano e non-umano su nuove basi etiche, verso gli orizzonti sostenibili di un’economia circolare
«(e con la Storia mi scuso)». Giudici, gli anni Novanta: due esercizi di lettura
Get PDFThis article investigates the genesis of 1989 and Distici bosniaci, two poems by Giovanni Giudici, written in his late years and published in Quanto spera di campare Giovanni (Garzanti 1993). By scrutinizing Giudici’s own diaries, type-written documents and the articles he wrote for the Italian newspaper Il Secolo XIX between 1989 and 1993, this work traces a picture of History in the 1990s, shaped by unfulfilled hopes, media lies and virtual non-events. By taking into account major events, such as the fall of the Berlin Wall and the televised wars – the Gulf War and the Bosnian War –, this article will show the point of view of a prominent Italian poet who, at the end of the Twentieth century, was meditating on the end of private life and on injustice in collective time. The last section of this article will open up to a broader context, by focusing on how some of the decisive poetic voices of the 1900s dwelt on disenchantment with their times.
This article investigates the genesis of 1989 and Distici bosniaci, two poems by Giovanni Giudici, written in his late years and published in Quanto spera di campare Giovanni (Garzanti 1993). By scrutinizing Giudici’s own diaries, type-written documents and the articles he wrote for the Italian newspaper Il Secolo XIX between 1989 and 1993, this work traces a picture of History in the 1990s, shaped by unfulfilled hopes, media lies and virtual non-events. By taking into account major events, such as the fall of the Berlin Wall and the televised wars – the Gulf War and the Bosnian War –, this article will show the point of view of a prominent Italian poet who, at the end of the Twentieth century, was meditating on the end of private life and on injustice in collective time. The last section of this article will open up to a broader context, by focusing on how some of the decisive poetic voices of the 1900s dwelt on disenchantment with their times.
This article investigates the genesis of 1989 and Distici bosniaci, two poems by Giovanni Giudici, written in his late years and published in Quanto spera di campare Giovanni (Garzanti 1993). By scrutinizing Giudici’s own diaries, type-written documents and the articles he wrote for the Italian newspaper Il Secolo XIX between 1989 and 1993, this work traces a picture of History in the 1990s, shaped by unfulfilled hopes, media lies and virtual non-events. By taking into account major events, such as the fall of the Berlin Wall and the televised wars – the Gulf War and the Bosnian War –, this article will show the point of view of a prominent Italian poet who, at the end of the Twentieth century, was meditating on the end of private life and on injustice in collective time. The last section of this article will open up to a broader context, by focusing on how some of the decisive poetic voices of the 1900s dwelt on disenchantment with their times.
Quest’articolo propone lo studio genetico e la lettura di due poesie dell’ultimo Giovanni Giudici (1924-2011), 1989 e Distici bosniaci, tratte da Quanto spera di campare Giovanni (Garzanti 1993): attraverso le agende personali manoscritte, i fogli di lavoro, gli articoli per «Il Secolo XIX» redatti dall’autore ligure tra il 1989 e il 1993, l’articolo ricostruisce una ricezione della Storia, negli anni Novanta, filtrata dalle immagini, tra speranze disilluse e narrazioni mediatiche aberranti. Dal crollo del Muro, attraverso le nuove guerre trasmesse in diretta televisiva mondiale – la Guerra del Golfo, il conflitto nella Bosnia-Erzegovina –, l’articolo restituisce la postura di chi, a fine Novecento, ragiona sul termine della vita privata e sul tempo collettivo. Tenendo a fuoco la disillusione rispetto al presente, l’ultima parte dell’articolo opera una ricognizione di alcune voci che hanno attraversato gli anni Novant
The death of death. Il far west della cryopreservation nel diritto pubblico comparato
Get PDFThe aim of the work is to investigate, on the basis of comparative case law, the future regulatory developments, not only in Italy, of cryopreservation as a complex legal phenomenon, with unknown traits, peculiar and innovative in the global panorama of comparative public law studies, the subject of analysis in other disciplines, mostly medical-scientific and technological.The aim of the work is to investigate, on the basis of comparative case law, the future regulatory developments, not only in Italy, of cryopreservation as a complex legal phenomenon, with unknown traits, peculiar and innovative in the global panorama of comparative public law studies, the subject of analysis in other disciplines, mostly medical-scientific and technological
AI-driven migration management procedures: fundamental rights issues and regulatory answers
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence can represent a valuable resource in managing migration flows. AI algorithms can perform several tasks including border controls, identity checks and predictive policing procedures. However, the utilization of such tools in the migration context raises several issues which must be analyzed and discussed in their implications. The presence of bias in datasets can lead to outcomes detrimental to the already vulnerable conditions of migrants. Furthermore, the inherent opaqueness of AI algorithms working routine does not allow the formulation of a clear accountability framework. This article aims to address these concerns to formulate valid answers from a legal and technological perspective, mainly focusing on the European Union approach to these issues.AI-driven migration management procedures: fundamental rights issues and regulatory answersArtificial Intelligence can represent a valuable resource in managing migration flows. AI algorithms can perform several tasks including border controls, identity checks and predictive policing procedures. However, the utilization of such tools in the migration context raises several issues which must be analyzed and discussed in their implications. The presence of bias in datasets can lead to outcomes detrimental to the already vulnerable conditions of migrants. Furthermore, the inherent opaqueness of AI algorithms working routine does not allow the formulation of a clear accountability framework. This article aims to address these concerns to formulate valid answers from a legal and technological perspective, mainly focusing on the European Union approach to these issues.AI-driven migration management procedures: fundamental rights issues and regulatory answer
Machina iuris-dicere potest?
Get PDFWith the development of increasingly advanced A.I. systems, it has been suggested on several fronts to make use of predictive algorithms in the jurisdictional system, in the analysis of the cases and formulation of decisions, should they be capable of iuris-dicere like human judges. With a view to ensure the absolute primacy of human decision, the AI-based predictive machine could then support (and not completely replace) the human judge in his/her ruling. In the same way as an Advocate General, the conclusions rendered by the algorithm could thus constitute a mandatory but not binding opinion, which the human judge remains free to disregard, by giving his/her reasoned decision.With the development of increasingly advanced A.I. systems, it has been suggested on several fronts to make use of predictive algorithms in the jurisdictional system, in the analysis of the cases and formulation of decisions, should they be capable of iuris-dicere like human judges. With a view to ensure the absolute primacy of human decision, the AI-based predictive machine could then support (and not completely replace) the human judge in his/her ruling. In the same way as an Advocate General, the conclusions rendered by the algorithm could thus constitute a mandatory but not binding opinion, which the human judge remains free to disregard, by giving his/her reasoned decision
Il reato di aiuto al suicidio al vaglio della Corte costituzionale austriaca
Get PDFBy means of the decision of 11th December 2020, the Austrian Constitutional Court ruled § 78 StGB, II sentence unconstitutional, in that it absolutely bars medical assistance in dying. According to the Constitutional Court, the right to self-determination encompasses the faculty to decide in autonomy when and how to terminate life free from interferences by State authorities. In the essay I briefly compare this decision with the principles expressed by the Italian and German Constitutional Courts in their case-law.By means of the decision of 11th December 2020, the Austrian Constitutional Court ruled § 78 StGB, II sentence unconstitutional, in that it absolutely bars medical assistance in dying. According to the Constitutional Court, the right to self-determination encompasses the faculty to decide in autonomy when and how to terminate life free from interferences by State authorities. In the essay I briefly compare this decision with the principles expressed by the Italian and German Constitutional Courts in their case-law
Riflessioni civilistiche in tema di ordine pubblico internazionale, maternità surrogata e arte della costanza
No full textWith regard to international public order and surrogate motherhood, at least the Italian Courts of highest level consistently show great respect to the autonomy of the legislator and to the legal certainty.With regard to international public order and surrogate motherhood, at least the Italian Courts of highest level consistently show great respect to the autonomy of the legislator and to the legal certainty
Decisioni sul termine della vita e donazione degli organi. Spunti comparatistici per una futura disciplina
No full textThe essay focuses on organ donation as a possible choice for those patients seeking euthanasia or assisted suicide whose informed and free consent has to be carefully preserved. In that case, indeed, concern for the welfare of others, on the one hand, and dying for having relief from illness, on the other hand, could confusedly converge in the will of a vulnerable person receiving medical treatments. The Dutch and the Belgian statutory frameworks governing organ donation after euthanasia can shed light on this such ethical theme involving human dignity that should be ignored by the Italian legislator anymore.The essay focuses on organ donation as a possible choice for those patients seeking euthanasia or assisted suicide whose informed and free consent has to be carefully preserved. In that case, indeed, concern for the welfare of others, on the one hand, and dying for having relief from illness, on the other hand, could confusedly converge in the will of a vulnerable person receiving medical treatments. The Dutch and the Belgian statutory frameworks governing organ donation after euthanasia can shed light on this such ethical theme involving human dignity that should be ignored by the Italian legislator anymore