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Request Modifications as Produced by Moroccan EFL Learners and American Native Speakers of English
No full textThis cross-cultural comparative study aimed to investigate the production of request modifications by American native speakers of English (ANSE) and Moroccan EFL learners (MEFLLs). With this aim in mind, the researcher employed two research instruments, namely a discourse completion test and a semi-structured interview. The former was the main research instrument, whereas the letter was mainly employed to explore the motives behind the participants’ use of certain modification strategies. Furthermore, sixty seven informants participated in the current study. Thirty MEFLLs and thirty ANSE responded to the ten given situations, while four MEFLLs and three ANSE were interviewed. This study adopted Blum-Kulka et al.’s (1989) coding scheme. The findings revealed that ANSE preferred syntactic downgraders, whereas MEFLLs selected lexical/phrasal downgraders. With regards to external modifiers, the two groups significantly differed in their use of mitigating supportive moves. That is, MEFLLs preferred combination and preparators, while ANSE favoured combination and grounders. The two groups used few aggravating supportive moves, and they did not display any significant differences in their use of external modifiers. However, they were used by ANSE more than MEFLLs. This paper ends with some suggestions to textbook designers and EFL teachers
Doctors’ Orders vs. Politicians’ Bafflegab: Analysis of Iranian President’s and Deputy Health Minister’s Speeches on the Coronavirus Pandemic
Get PDFThis study adopted a critical discourse analysis approach to analyze the potential ideological differences between the Iranian President and Deputy Health Minister (DHM) in the representation of issues related to the Coronavirus Pandemic. The analysis was based on the meeting of the national task force against Coronavirus chaired by President Rouhani, held in 2020, and DHM’s five press conferences and interviews during the same period. By integrating insights from van Dijk’s model (2005), the findings revealed that the President’s speech on the Coronavirus Pandemic was highly ideological. However, the DHM had a tendency to use more objective and neutral words in the descriptions of the COVID-19 and express his views in a transparent way. The findings of this study are significant in raising the public’s awareness of the manipulative function of the language used by politicians to express political ideologies, even on a public health issue such as the Coronavirus Pandemic
Maclaurin’s inequalities for functions whose first derivatives are preinvex
Get PDFIn this paper, using a new identity, we study one of the famous Newton-Cotes three-point quadraturerules. More precisely Maclaurin’s quadrature rule, for which we establish the error estimate of this methodunder the constraint that the first derivatives belong to the class of preinvex functions. We also give someapplications to special means as applications. We believe that this new studied inequality and the resultsobtained in this article will further inspire intrigued researchers
Positivity results on the solutions for nonlinear two-term boundary value problem involving the ψ-Caputo fractional derivative
Get PDFIn this work, we consider a nonlinear two-term boundary value problem involving the ψ-Caputo fractional derivative with integral boundary conditions. By the construction of its associated Green function and application of the upper and lower solutions method together with some fixed point theorems due to Banach and Schauder, we establish the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to our considered main problem. In the end some illustrative examples are provided to validate our theoretical results
PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF THREE VARIETIES OF KOLA NUT SELECTED FROM ALAMISI MARKET IKIRUN, OSUN STATE NIGERIA.
Get PDFThree (3) varieties of Cola, a tropical African crop of the family Sterculiacea, were gotten from Ikirun, State of Osun Nigeria, conventional method was used to cured it by wrapping it in clean leaves of banana to decrease the quantity of moisture lost and after that set aside for fourteen days in the laboratory before used. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 1984 methods was used to carry out proximate analysis of the species. The results obtained showed that Cola nitida had (60.80%), moisture, (2.94%) ash, (7.91%) crude protein, and (2.70%) caffeine. Cola accuminata had (56.30%) moisture, (3.04%) ash, (8.68%), crude protein and (2.75%) caffeine, while Garcinia Kola had (51.30%) moisture, (2.95%) ash, (8.90%) crude protein and (2.96%) caffeine.
 
Determination of Toxic Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Selected Samples of Tobacco Products
Get PDFThe foremast threats to human health from heavy metals are related with use tobacco when inserted in the human body by smoking ( shisha and cigarette ) or chewable like shammah which is harm of health. The tobacco species have been collected from different places, natural or included in the installation of some of the species sold in the markets. The samples were analyzed by wet digestion method and standardized. International protocols were followed for the preparation of material and analysis of heavy metals contents and analyzed by Inductively coupled plasma spectrometer Model-Varian720 ES in center Laboratory in Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, and Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University (KAU). Results obtained using ICP-OES technique for determination of heavy metals in Tobacco products. Through this study the results were shown the heavy metals which found in tobacco samples is clearly. the objective of the study showing the concentrative the heavy metals in tobacco and compared with levels of heavy metals allowing in the World Health Organization (WHO ). What the results indicate is the seriousness of the presence of heavy metals, which cause serious diseases such as cancer and failure in most organs. The use of tobacco should be abandoned
Comparative Effect of Melatonin and Night Light Application in Ehrlich Solid Tumor Mice
Get PDFBackground: In this study, it was aimed to test the anti-tumoral effects of melatonin in vivo. In the literature review, no study was found that examined the anti-tumoral effect of melatonin at night on an experimental tumor model in vivo. Therefore, in the study, the anti-tumoral effect of melatonin was tested in solid tumor tissue formed in Swiss albino male mice.
Methods: Swiss albino male mice formed Swiss albino male mice in vivo and 80 Swiss albino male mice weighing 25-30 g and aged 10-12 weeks were used. The subjects were divided into 10 groups in total (n=8). These groups are divided into two main groups as light and dark. All animals except the control group were injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with EAT to create EST in the right leg scapula of the subjects. Different doses of melatonin were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily to the experimental groups. EST was created by inoculating EAT 2 days after administration of melatonin. Melatonin application was made between 18:00 and 20:00 in the evening. In addition, light groups were exposed to 580 µW fluorescent light between 02:00 and 04:00 at night. Daily food and water consumption and weight gains of all animals were followed and recorded, and the application was continued for 14 days. Cardiac blood was collected from all animals with heparinized syringes on the 15th day of the experiment and tumor tissues were removed ambuloc. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed under ether anesthesia.
Results: The MDA and GSH parameters in the cardiac blood taken from the subjects were examined and the diameters of the tumor tissues were measured and examined under a light microscope. Weight change in all groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). It was found that the increases and decreases in the MDA and GSH values of the light and dark groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the tumor diameters of the control light groups and the tumor diameters of the other light groups (p> 0.05). While the difference between the control of dark groups and the tumor diameters of Group K2 was not statistically significant (p>0.05), the increase in tumor diameter of the subjects of Group K3 and Group K4 was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: As a result; in this study, which investigated the effects of melatonin on experimental EST in dark and light environments, it was revealed that it did not show any positive effect on MDA and GSH levels
A comparative Use of Traditional and Multimedia Modes of Teaching Curriculum Studies in English
Get PDFThis study explored students’ preferences on the use of traditional versus multimedia modes of course delivery at the University of Eswatini. Since the advent of technology, the use of traditional and multimedia modes of teaching has received a lot of attention in research. Students’ preferences regarding either being taught in a traditional or technological way is one of the areas that has been investigated intensively, yielding different conclusions. This study was a cross-sectional survey. For data collection, the study used a five-point anchored Likert-scale. Forty-three (43) participants participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire that sought their preferences on the mode of teaching between two courses, CTE 319/519 and CTE320/520. CTE319/519 was taught using multimedia, and CTE 320/520 was taught using the traditional mode. To establish the trends in the students’ preferences, data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS), mainly descriptive statistics. The mean, frequencies, modes, and standard deviation were the major domains for data interpretation. The results revealed that the students preferred the use of multimedia over the traditional mode of course delivery. However, when the data were further analyzed using the age-range, the older generation performed better than the younger generation in their preferences on the use of multimedia when teaching. Overall, the results have implications for the integration of multimedia technology when teaching English courses at tertiary
The need to engage students’ creative thinking in language learning classes
Get PDFThere is a growing body of literature that emphasizes the significance of creative thinking in the globalized and interconnected world of 21st century. Developing the ability to think creatively helps enrich our lives, achieve success and have a prosperous society. Therefore, the development of the skill should be a fundamental part of education throughout all levels and across all subjects. Language education is no exception. Language learning classes that encourage creative thinking help learners develop not only intellectually but also emotionally and socially. The main purpose of this paper is to present the implications of engaging students’ creative thinking in language learning classes with reference to English language. We discuss a new perspective about the process of language learning and focus on how engaging students’ creative thinking can make learning other languages meaningful, enriching and engaging
Nabla generalized fractional Riemann-Liouville calculus on time scales with an application to dynamic equations
Get PDFWe introduce more general concepts of nabla Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives ontime scales. Such generalizations on time scales help us to study relations between fractional differenceequations and fractional differential equations. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of thesolution to an initial value problem are described by nabla derivatives on time scales. Some properties of thenew operator are proved and illustrated with examples