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YouTube Use, Strategy Development, EFL Academic Performance, and Educational Class Level
Full text linkThis study examined the role of YouTube use in the development of Second Language Learning Strategies (SLLSs) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) academic performance among non-English-specialized Tunisian students, as well as its association with educational class level. The sample consisted of 210 students enrolled at the Higher Institute of Management of Gabes (ISGG). Data regarding YouTube use, SLLS employment, EFL academic performance, and educational class level were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire. Regression analyses assessed the predictive effect of YouTube use on students’ SLLS employment and EFL academic performance, and correlation analysis was applied to examine the relationship between educational class level and YouTube use. Data visualization was performed using Seaborn, a Python-based library, to ensure a clear and effective presentation of the results. Findings revealed that YouTube use significantly predicted students’ employment of metacognitive and social strategies, which in turn strongly contributed to EFL academic performance. Moreover, a moderate positive correlation was found between students’ educational class level and their YouTube use, suggesting that higher-level students used YouTube more frequently for EFL learning. These results highlight the pedagogical value of integrating YouTube into EFL instruction to foster strategy use and improve learning outcomes
Privacy-Preserving Artificial Intelligence: Principles, Methods, Applications, and Challenges
Full text linkArtificial intelligence systems increasingly rely on large volumes of sensitive data to support decision making in domains such as healthcare, finance, education, and public administration. While these systems offer substantial benefits, their growing dependence on personal information has intensified concerns about privacy, data misuse, and loss of public trust. This study examines privacy-preserving artificial intelligence as a design approach that enables meaningful data analysis while limiting exposure of sensitive information. The paper analyses key privacy-preserving techniques, including federated learning, differential privacy, homomorphic encryption, and secure multi party computation, and evaluates their relevance across critical application domains. It also identifies practical challenges related to computational cost, data heterogeneity, regulatory compliance, and explainability. The study shows that privacy-preserving methods can support responsible and trustworthy artificial intelligence when privacy, utility, and governance considerations are addressed together
Saudi Arabia's Very Short Story on Platform (X): A Semantic Study of Selected Models
Full text linkتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أحد أنواع القصّة في الأدب العربي، وخاصة القصة في الأدب السعودي، وهي القصّة القصيرة جدًّا، وقد ظهرت القصّة القصيرة جدًّا في المملكة العربيّة السعوديّة منذ منتصف السبعينيَّات الميلادية من القرن العشرين الماضي، وكانت نشأة القصّة القصيرة جدًّا في التراث العربي من خلال المقامات، والقصص الدينيّة، والتاريخيّة، وغيرها، وهناك من يقول: إنها جاءتنا عن طريق الغرب من خلال التعريب، والترجمة، والمحاكاة. فذهبت هذه القصّة القصيرة جدًّا إلى الشبكات العنكبوتية، ووسائل التواصل الاجتماعيّ، التي تلقت إقبالًا كبيرًا عليها ورواجًا واسعًا، وانتشارًا سريعًا، بين الكتّاب، والمتلقين، والنقاد عبر منصة (X)، وتعدُّ منصةX (تويتر سابقًا) من أهم وسائل التواصل الاجتماعيّ، وأبرزها التي تشجع الكتّاب على كتابة القصّة القصيرة جدًّا.
وقد احتضنت الكثير من إبداعات الشباب وغيرهم، فمنصةX أصبحت ميدانًا رحبًا وحاضنًا مهمًّا للقصة السعودية القصيرة جدًّا، التي تكثفت حولها المؤلفات من الكتّاب، لتميزها بالتكثيف، والرمز، والتلخيص، والتي لاقت ترحيبًا واسعًا في المملكة العربية السعودية من المتلقين، لسهولة قراءتها، وتنقلها، وانتشارها في هذه المنصة، والتي تحمل مضامين نفسية، واجتماعية، ودلالية، وفكرية، وغيرها، محبوكة في سطور قليلة؛ لكنها مكثّفة بالمعاني، والتي تتميز بالتماسك النصي، وتشتمل على عناصر الجنس الأدبي، والاكتفاء في الجمل التعبيرية عند حدث معين.
وجاءت هذه الدراسة لدراسة القصة السعودية القصيرة جدًّا المنجزة رقميًّا عبر منصة (X) دراسة إنشائية في دلالتها، وتبحث في دلالتها المتنوعة التي تحتوي عليها القصص في هذه المنصة، مثل: الدلالة الأدبيّة، والدلالة الفكريّة، والدلالة الاجتماعيّة.This study explores a genre of Arabic literature; namely Saudi literature, known as the short-short story. The short-short story emerged in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the mid-1970s, drawing inspiration from classical Arab literary traditions such as maqamat, religious texts, and historical narratives. Some scholars argue that the short-short story was influenced by Western literary traditions, arriving through Arabization, translation, and adaptation.
The short-short story has spread widely across the internet and social media, attracting considerable interest and gaining rapid popularity among writers, readers, and critics—particularly through the X platform (formerly Twitter). As one of the most prominent social media platforms, X has played a central role in fostering the writing and dissemination of short-short stories. The platform has hosted numerous creative works by emerging and established writers alike. X has become a significant and expansive incubator for the Saudi short-short story, attracting a wide range of authors drawn to its emphasis on brevity, symbolism, and narrative compression. The genre has been widely embraced by audiences in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, largely due to its readability, accessibility, and broad availability on the platform. These stories convey psychological, social, semantic, and intellectual content, articulated in a few lines yet rich in meaning. They are characterized by textual cohesion, incorporate core elements of the literary genre, and rely on concise, expressive language to depict specific events. This study investigates the Saudi short-short story digitally produced on the X platform, focusing on its poetics and the range of embedded connotations, including literary, intellectual, and social dimensions
Modeling the Dynamics of Corruption and Optimal Control in Public Sectors
Full text link We introduce a Susceptible-Corrupted-Paying Well-Recovered (SCPwR) model specifically designed to analyze corruption dynamics within the public sector. This model is demonstrated to be well posed both epidemiologically and mathematically. Our results show that all model solutions remain positive and bounded given initial conditions within a meaningful set. We investigate the existence of unique corruption-free and endemic equilibrium points and calculate the basic reproduction number. The local and global stability of these equilibrium points is then analyzed. Our findings indicate that the system has a locally asymptotically stable corruption-free equilibrium when R_e < 1 and unstable when R_e > 1 . Additionally, the corruption endemic equilibrium point E^* is globally asymptotically stable only if dL/dt< 0 . Numerical implementation of the model suggests that corruption will persist in public sectors if civil servants are not adequately compensated
A Mathematical Model for Effective Fungicide Use in Rice Blast Re-Infection
Full text linkRice blast, caused by the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, represents a critical challenge to rice production, particularly in regions such as Kenya where rice serves as a staple food and a vital economic resource. This study presents a comprehensive mathematical model aimed at elucidating the dynamics of rice blast re-infection following the application of fungicides on infected crops. The model was developed from a system of Ordinary Differential Equations that divides rice population into five classes: Susceptible, Protected, Infected,Recovered and the Secondary infected.Positivity and boundedness of solutions was established that the model was mathematically and biologically meaningful.The model was analysed using the stability theory of differential equations.The Basic reproduction number was developed using Next Generation Matrix.The existence of DFE and EEP was determined.Stability analysis of the model showed that DFE is both locally and globally stable when <1 and unstable when >1 while EEP is locally asymptotically stable when >1.Sensitivity analysis of the model parameters showed that the parameter (Rate of fungicide application) is the most sensitive parameter in reducing rice blast re-infection.Numerical simulation was done to validate the analytical results.The results demonstrate that judicious fungicide application can significantly reduce the prevalence of rice blast, leading to enhanced rice yields and improved sustainability in agricultural practices. This study not only contributes to the existing body of knowledge on plant disease management but also provides a robust framework for future investigations into the epidemiology of crop diseases
Implementation of Fractional Blood Ethanol Model by Computation of Matrix Mittag–Leffler Functions
Full text linkThe article discusses several innovative and intriguing aspects of the fractional operator-based fractional blood ethanol concentration model involving first-order chemical reactions. The most commonly used fractional operator, Caputo, performs the analysis. The analytical results of blood ethanol concentration are examined utilizing the computation matrix Mittag-Leffler function (MMLF). Solutions' ethanol concentrations are displayed as an extended series. A graphical representation of the effect of fractional parameters on ethanol concentrations is provided.
The comparative analysis for concentrations demonstrates the proposed model's novel composite fractional derivative properties.
According to studies, fractional models approximate real data more correctly than their integer order derivative operator counterparts.
The fractional blood alcohol models presented provide essential and beneficial results that can be used to forecast future information for the medical community
Novel Exact Solutions of a Higher-Dimensional Complex KdV System with Conformable Derivative Using the Generalized Expansion Method
Full text linkIn this paper, we investigate the (2+1)-dimensional complex modified Korteweg-de Vries (CmKdV) system using the conformable derivative. The CmKdV system is a beneficial model in the field of nonlinear wave theory such as fluid flow, optical communication, and plasma physics. Explicit solutions are constructed, including periodic, solitary, and shock waves form using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion method. The solutions obtained are visually presented in various dimensions using Mathematica, providing a clear physical understanding of the effects of the conformable fractional derivative. This research enhances understanding of soliton behavior in complex nonlinear systems and demonstrates the effectiveness of combining conformable derivatives with analytical methods, while also providing new insights into the dynamics and diverse forms of propagating fluid waves
Intercultural Dialogue and Qur’anic Translation Paratexts: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Full text linkQur’anic translations play a pivotal role in shaping global perceptions of Islam and advancing intercultural and interfaith dialogue. This study sets out to investigate how translators’ paratexts, as expressed in prefaces, introductory sections, and methodology statements, contribute to fostering or impeding intercultural and interfaith dialogue within Qur’anic translations. By examining these elements across four selected translations, Robert Spencer (2022), Safi Kaskas (2015), Laleh Bakhtiar (2011), and Muhammad Abdel-Haleem (2005), the research evaluates how translators frame the text to enhance understanding and engagement across cultural and religious divides. The analysis is grounded in Norman Fairclough’s (2013) Three-Dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model. Through this lens, the research seeks to highlight the translators’ roles as intercultural mediators by shedding light on how their methodological choices might bridge cultural divides and contribute to a dialogic encounter between Islam and other worldviews
The Effects of Interactive Writing Strategy on Lexical Complexity in EFL Students’ Written Performance
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to explore the impact of using interactive writing strategy on EFL students' written outputs. This investigation involved 100 EFL students, comprising an experimental group (N = 50), which practiced writing skills through interactive writing sessions, and a control group (N = 50), which received traditional writing instruction. The research methodology included the administration of a pretest/post-test, and the analysis of essays was conducted using the L2 Lexical Complexity Analyzer to calculate lexical complexity scores. The study's findings revealed a significant progress in EFL learners' overall writing performance after using interactive writing strategies (p =.000).The results also revealed statistically significant differences in lexical density and lexical sophistication scores for the experimental group, indicating that students wrote denser and more sophisticated essays after participating in the interactive writing sessions. However, no differences were detected for lexical variation. The findings of this study highlighted the importance of using interactive writing in EFL writing classrooms, with implications for teachers
Impoliteness in social media interactions by Cameroonian diaspora activists
Full text linkThis study sets out to analyse Cameroonian diaspora activists’ impoliteness in their various interactions on Twitter and Facebook. It highlights the different conventionalized impoliteness formulae in Cameroon Social Media. Data for this study comprises 219 impolite messages collected from activists’ tweets and Facebook profiles from the 3rd of December 2017 to February 2023. The data was collected through screenshots thank to android phone. To analyse the data collected from these two main platforms (hereafter Twitter and Facebook), the researchers applied a mixed method research. Culpeper (2010) conventionalized impoliteness formulae was adopted in this research paper to analyse the data. Results from the analysis unveil insults as the mostly used impoliteness formula followed by pointed criticism, explicitly associate with a negative aspect, pointed accusation, threats, unpalatable questions/presuppositions and message enforcers respectively.
Key words: social media, Pragmatics, impoliteness, conventionalized formulae, Cameroon