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Techniques of Subtitling Jokes from English into Arabic
Get PDFTranslating jokes from English into Arabic is a challenging task since jokes are strongly related to their languages and cultures. The task is becoming more challenging due to the subtitling rules, conventions, and constraints. The present study endeavours to investigate the translating techniques used by different Arabic subtitlers in different films to solve the technical, linguistic, and cultural problems of subtitling jokes in different American films. To achieve this pursuit we adopt Baker’s (2011) techniques for translating idioms and adapt them to meet the requirement of the subtitling of jokes’ punchlines, using a qualitative research method. The study reveals that subtitlers always translate the setting of the joke literally except for joke 4. The subtitlers use different translation techniques to render the punchlines; however, some of them fail to trigger a laugh. Unlike universal jokes, linguistic and cultural jokes are difficult to render. Besides, the subtitlers omit (the entire or part) of the joke which is inappropriate and unacceptable in the host culture
Exploring Demotivation in Second Language Classrooms: A Literature Review of Teacher and Student Variables
Get PDFRecent research in second language acquisition has seen a surge in interest concerning the phenomenon of students’ demotivation. Using a literature review, this paper explores the concept of L2 demotivation as the combined effects of internal and external factors that diminish a learner's drive to engage with the target language. It delves into the significant influences contributing to L2 demotivation, focusing on teachers' and students’ variables. Teachers’ variables encompass inappropriate teaching styles, attitudes, and low teaching quality, alongside instances of teachers’ demotivation, all identified as pivotal contributors to students’ demotivation by numerous studies. Additionally, students’ demotivation can stem from intrinsic issues such as low self-esteem or diminished self-worth. The paper concludes by suggesting pedagogical implications, such as the need for teacher training programs that emphasize motivational strategies and fostering positive attitudes towards language learning. Furthermore, it advocates for developing learner-centered approaches that address individual learner needs and provide opportunities for autonomy and self-expression in the language learning process, learning goals setting, task design, providing constructive feedback, inclusive classroom, cultural awareness, and leveraging technology in language learning. Lastly, the paper calls for further research into demotivation in second language learning to inform more effective pedagogical practices and interventions.
 
Review of Theoretical Frameworks in Audiovisual Translation
Get PDFAudiovisual Translation has gained massive popularity among translators as a thriving genre of translation studies. This reality is represented by the massive role played by audiovisual translation in shaping global communication within modern societies. Therefore, the paper attempts to analyze the overlap of the most fundamental theories within the scope of audiovisual translation. The primary purpose of this analysis is to identify the relationship and intersection between several theories to provide an overall and comprehensive overview of these theories, their underlying principles and paradigms, the purposes and justifications of their application, and their functioning and consequences within rendering meaning from audiovisual products with various modes such as subtitling, dubbing, and voice-over, to name but a few. Consequently, Audiovisual Translation, which has grown into a distinct area of research with its own limitations and unique characteristics, is supported by various theories designed for different modes of delivery and reception. This growth encompasses creating and applying diverse strategies, methods, and technologies and examining and comprehending how it is received and impacted. Nonetheless, the researchers discovered that the creation of theories specific to Audiovisual Translation must either align with or, at the very least, be influenced by the foundational theoretical frameworks, primarily from translation studies
Back to normal? ESL Instructors' Post-Pandemic Perceptions of Virtual Learning
Get PDFOur study aimed to explore language instructors’ perceptions of virtual learning models as effective methods for English language instruction and acquisition in the K-12 context. The study was inspired by Manegre and Sabiri (2022), in which thirty-five online English teachers reported surprisingly positive experiences with online teaching models. The method was reported as equal to or better than traditional classroom English learning. Thus, the goal of this study was to collect a representative set of data which accurately depicts the opinions and experiences of K-12 English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers who were suddenly forced to switch to virtual instruction solely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This mixed-method study surveyed a large number of participants (N=117), all of whom had experience in traditional classroom instruction prior to this unplanned switch to online instruction. In addition to quantitative results that convey the K-12 ESL teachers’ views on online methodology, we also collected qualitative data which allowed these teachers an opportunity to discuss specific challenges and their thoughts on the future of the use of online tools in the ESL domain
Investigating Moroccan EFL University Professors’ Understanding of Critical Thinking Skills
Get PDFThis study examines Moroccan EFL university professors’ understanding of critical thinking and their perceptions of its importance in higher education. Addressing a gap in existing research, the study explores how professors define CT and evaluate its role in the teaching-learning process. Data were collected from 100 professors through an open-ended questionnaire and analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that professors view CT as vital for fostering independent thought, improving problem-solving skills, and preparing students for real-world challenges. The study highlights the importance of critical thinking in promoting active, reflective learning and concludes that it is a critical component of higher education, with implications for teaching practices and curriculum development
Fixed Point Theorem on C ∗-algebra-valued Suprametric Spaces: C ∗-algebra valued Suprametric Spaces
No full textThe present study’s objective is to propose a C∗-algebra-valued suprametric spaces to provide an appro priate generalization concerning both suprametric spaces and C ∗-algebra-valued metric spaces. The concepts of convergence, Cauchy sequence, and completeness are then examined through suprametric space with C ∗-algebra and illustrated with an example. Furthermore, the Banach fixed point theorem, established in pursuance of the same metric, is employed to determine the existence and uniqueness of the solution to an integral equation
The Concentration and Health Risk Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals (HMs) in African spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Grown around Ashaka Community, Gombe State, Nigeria
No full textHeavy metals are completely redundant in the human body and the ingestion of the metals poses a risk of adverse health effects. The study aimed to assess the heavy metal concentration and evaluation of health risks of selected heavy metals in African spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) and Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) products collected from the Ashaka community in Gombe state, Nigeria. Heavy metal concentration was estimated using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS, Perkin Elmer model 2130). The result showed that the concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were below the permissible level of FAO and WHO standards and the Chinese Department of Protective Medicines limit respectively except for Cadmium (0.210 mg/kg) in African spinach which exceeds the FAO/WHO limit (0.2 mg/kg). The daily plant metal intake for Cd (0.018 - 0.007 mg/kg) and Pb (0.024 - 0.014 mg/kg) were higher than the recommended daily intake of metals but within the tolerable limit. Health risk indices showed high values for Cd, Pb, and Ni, except for Cr, Cu and Zn. The IRS evaluated for all the studied HMs were greater than one (IRS > 1). This implies that exposed populations are susceptible to developing diseases associated with Cd, Pb, and Ni
Aligned ICTs to the CEFR in the Cuban foreign language teaching program.
Get PDFThis study examines integrating information and communication technologies (ICTs) into foreign language teacher preparation aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) standards at a Cuban university. A mixed methods approach combined surveys, interviews, assessments and observations to evaluate effects on trainees’ communicative competence development, interpreting uneven gains across reading, writing, listening and speaking abilities. Questionnaire and assessment analysis evidenced perceived and actual progress towards CEFR alignment among fifth year versus first year students resulting from sustained ICT incorporation over their progression. However variability disadvantages persisted in some competencies. Qualitative insights emphasized technology’s enablement of contextualized practice and real-world application as instrumental for competence growth. Despite affirmative outcomes overall, optimizing consistency by motivation and engagement-focused implementations is recommended. Intensive, systematic ICT integration shows potential for helping future foreign language teachers attain key standards-based competencies. Findings inform initial teacher training advancement in Cuba and beyond.
 
An Improved Index Price/Movement Prediction by using Ensemble CNN and DNN Deep Learning Technique
Get PDFAs it knows prediction is always a challenging task in all terms. The goal of any stock prediction method is to develop a robust method for predicting trading price that can be used to improve investment decisions and accurate models. The paper proposes a hybrid model that combines the strengths of deep learning models CNN and DNN, and to develop a comprehensive methodology for the prediction of stock/index prices on Banknifty (NSE Bank), a highly volatile Indian sectorial Index that represents 12 major banks of the country. The hybrid model consists of two main components a CNN for feature extraction and a DNN for regression or classification tasks. In the context of stock price prediction, CNN layers can be used to extract features from input data (such as stock prices and indicators) related to an estimated future value. DNN layer can be used to combine features learned from the CNN layers. Model performance will be evaluated using various metrics including Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R-squared. The method also analyses the impact of various factors on stock prices, including market volatility, economic indicators, and geopolitical events. The achieved accuracy of 97.48% indicates that the model was successful in accurately predicting the stock prices of Bank Nifty. The proposed method is expected to provide investors and financial analysts with a valuable tool for making informed investment decisions
Regional pragmatic Variation in French: A contrastive study of complaint realizations in Cameroon and France
Get PDFThis study examined and compared complaints by speakers of French in Cameroon and in France. Although complaints have been extensively analyzed, to date, little attention has been devoted to complaints across regional varieties of French. The aim of this study was to fill this knowledge and research gap by analyzing strategies used by speakers of Cameroon French and Hexagonal French to complain in three situations. The study is at the intersection of variational and postcolonial pragmatics and it is based on data provided by 20 Cameroonian and 19 French university students, who were asked to fill a DCT questionnaire. The results reveal some similarities in both French varieties regarding the use of complex complaint utterances. However, many differences were found with respect to preferences for specific complaint strategies, external modifiers, internal modification devices and address terms