IDEA Publishers Open Journals System
Not a member yet
522 research outputs found
Sort by
Decoding interactions: examine the relationship between top management and organisational culture in Pakistan
Full text linkThis research delves into intricate dynamics between top management behaviour and organisational culture, seeking to decode the nuanced interactions that shape the core fabric of modern enterprises. It examines how organisational cultures and people management affect top management. Through analysis, we explore how top management\u27s actions, decisions, and communication styles reverberate throughout an organisation, influencing its cultural ethos. This research employed a convenience sampling to collect data from workers in first-line, middle, and upper management from pharmaceutical companies. Drawing on a quantitative methodology, to achieve these objectives, the study employs 120 structured questionnaires distributed on scales for data collection, followed by robust statistical analyses using SPSS and PLS software. The study examines real-world scenarios to uncover patterns and insights into how specific behaviours at the executive level impact the values, norms, and practices that define organisational culture. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature by evaluating leadership behaviours and their influences on areas of people management and organisational culture. The findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between top management and culture but also offer practical implications for fostering a symbiotic relationship that enhances organisational effectiveness and resilience in today\u27s dynamic business environment
Evaluating cardiovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
Full text linkType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common type of diabetes. The main adverse effect of diabetes type 2 involves a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Diabetes patients with this type are more likely to suffer cardiovascular problems. Consequently, this study investigated demographics, CVR factors, age, gender, physical activity, BMI, hemodynamics, HbA1c stage, and lipid profile of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. The current study covered 120 patients with type 2 diabetes, out of which 40 were male (33.3%) and 80 were female (66.6%), aged 50 to 70. Out of these 120 patients, 17 (14.1%) had coronary artery disease, 15 (12.5) had atherosclerosis, and 8% (6.6) experienced a stroke, according to the findings. Approximately 37.5% of patients had overweight obesity, 54% had poor diabetes control, and 10% had reasonable control based on their HbA1c readings. Furthermore, 55% were hypertensive, and around 12.5% had both macro and microvascular problems. In general, around 33.3% of all Type 2 DM patients have cardiovascular diseases (CVD), indicating that patients with Type 2 DM have a greater risk of increasing CVD. As a result, proper strategies should be implemented to avoid catastrophic outcomes and disease development
Exploring the role of nanoparticle additives in reducing emissions in compression ignition engine
Full text linkThe paper discusses the growing environmental issues caused by vehicle emissions, leading many countries to tighten their emission standards to reduce the harmful gases released by motor vehicles. This is especially important as urbanization has increased, leading to more consumption of petroleum products. As a result, there is a growing need for cleaner, more sustainable fuel alternatives. Biodiesel has been recognized as a potential solution since it is renewable, non-toxic, and less environmentally harmful than traditional diesel. The study in question explores how adding biodiesel and nanoparticles affects diesel engine performance, particularly in terms of noise and particulate matter emissions (small particles of pollution). The research was carried out using a compression ignition engine (like those found in diesel vehicles) under constant RPM (revolutions per minute) and variable loads (changes in engine stress or power requirements). The results showed that when biodiesel was blended with nanoparticles and used as fuel, there was a noticeable reduction in noise levels, carbon dioxide (CO2), and particulate matter emissions compared to regular diesel. This suggests that biodiesel, especially when enhanced with nanoparticles, can effectively lower the harmful effects of diesel engines on the environment, offering a greener and quieter alternative
Constitutional and judicial setup of erstwhile Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Full text linkThis study explores the constitutional and judicial setup of the former Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This study questioned what factors contributed to the unique and distinguished status of Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) constitutionally and judicially within the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and why PATA was not made a complete part of KP. Until May 2018, PATA had a distinguished status compared to the rest of mainstream Pakistan. It’s found that the marginalisation and distinguished status of PATA was not accidental but had roots in the region\u27s history. It is argued that Pakistan\u27s state and government had inherited a centralised attitude and security-centric approach to governance of the PATA region from British India. Rather than changing that negative attitude toward the region and incorporating the PATA region entirely in Pakistan\u27s provincial and federal constitutional and legal structure, PATA was kept under transitional status in the form of the constitutional status of PATA and judicial setup under PATA regulations for a long. The bureaucratic interests, geo-strategic concerns, and the influence of local political leadership, or lack thereof, were other fundamental drivers for continuing the discriminatory and marginalised constitutional and judicial setup in PATA
The future of Afghanistan under Taliban-led regime: challenges and likely scenarios
Full text linkSince the takeover of the Afghan Taliban, there has been a lack of cohesion on the internal and external front and critical issues, including international recognition, the question of ethnicity, inclusive government, human rights, internal and external security, economy, and regional implication of the security and insecurity. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the likely challenges for the Taliban government in Afghanistan. Being the centre stage of the regional security complex and the diverse ethnic composition, Afghanistan remains an active ground for various fundamental ideologies. The Tehreek Taliban Pakistan (TTP) elements are freely roaming in Afghanistan, along with the news that the Islamic State of Khorasan (ISK) has regrouped itself in various parts of Afghanistan. The questions of terrorist groups are a major concern for the world and the neighbouring states of Afghanistan. Political legitimacy and international recognition are significant challenges for the Taliban regime. Similarly, economic problems and human rights violations are also critical challenges for the Taliban regime. Maintaining good relations with neighbouring states is crucial in ending the diplomatic isolation of the Taliban regime. All these are essential questions for the Taliban regime and the world, and this study has attempted to investigate and analyse possible solutions
New memory-based ratio estimator in survey sampling
Full text linkThis study proposes a new estimator based on the Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) statistic by following the concept of Noor-ul-Amin (2021). The EWMA model consumed contemporary and empirical data to enhance the competence of the population mean estimation. The memory type estimate is proposed with a twofold utilisation of Auxiliary Information (AUI) in alignment with the sampling type, i.e., Simple Random Sampling (SRS). A detailed numerical study and analysis are conducted to estimate the projected efficiency. This study provides an efficient estimator for population mean in the occurrence of time series data. The extra advantage of using EWMA statistics instead of classical statistics is that we can get better effectiveness of the mean estimate of the population under SRS by altering the significance of the smooth constant ?, as the cost of the smoothing constant ? decreases from one towards zero, and we gain the efficiency of the suggested estimator. For ? = 1, the proposed estimator performs the same as their comparative estimator. This expands incompetence over the presented ones statistically demonstrated in mean square error and relative effectiveness. Previous research is also accessed with everyday life information that indicates the conclusions of the simulation investigation
Measuring community disaster resilience in Southern Punjab: a study of 2022 floods in Pakistan
Full text linkPakistan only contributes 1% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. The country’s substantial vulnerability to the effects of climate change was highlighted during the 2022 floods. One-third of the country was underwater, 33 million people were affected, and 8 million were displaced. The destruction caused by the 2010 floods is dwarfed by the disaster\u27s scale in Pakistan. This study discusses the rehabilitation and recovery goals of the affected area, along with additional mitigating strategies. This can be done through resilient and sustainable repairing and upgrading the physical infrastructure. An analysis was done to estimate how resilient this target community is to disaster. Data collection and analysis techniques of the research were adopted. The resilience of the community to disasters was investigated using the Assessment of Resistance of Communities to Natural Disasters (ARC-D) toolkit created by GOAL International. The affected Southern Punjab region was selected, and qualitative and quantitative techniques were employed. Using the toolbox, a structured survey form was created. The findings showed that communities were unaware of their risks and problems and were not provided with the necessary plans and solutions. Specific tools and methods are required to measure the resilience of various communities and social activist groups
Determinants and consequence of brand loyalty: a study of cell phone users in Pakistan
Full text linkIn the modern world, every marketing manager must cover the market through their products and sell them quickly. This study is conducted in Pakistan. This research highlights the variables that are important for selling the product as well as cell phones. The mobile phone industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. A majority of the young population uses cell phones. Inducting new technology and design attracts the users and makes them loyal to create profit. For cell phone operators, loyalty is of greater interest; it is also the profitability and survival of a business. The study objective is to explore the LO, CO, TR, SA, IN, BI, WOM, and PI in the cell phone industry. The sample size is 500, and convenience and proposed statistical techniques are used from reliable base papers. The instrument is adopted and statistically analysed the collected primary data from smart PLS, and demographic data analysed through SPSS software. In short, the result shows the significance of all variable relations: LO, CO, TR, SA, IN, BI, WOM, and PI. This research is helpful for the marketing managers in the cell phone industry, especially marketing managers in the Pakistan cell phone industry
The moderating role of energy consumption in the relationship between trade openness and environmental degradation: evidence from Pakistan and China
No full textEvery country wants to accomplish the sustainable development goal. For this reason, each country protects the environment, expressing widespread concern over environmental degradation. Furthermore, trade is the most essential component of economic growth, and energy is the primary source of production and environmental degradation. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the moderating effect of energy consumption on the link between trade openness and environmental degradation in the case of China and Pakistan. It will utilise data from 1990 to 2020 and employ ARDL and Granger causality estimation techniques. This study revealed that energy consumption and GDP growth are constructive. At the same time, inflow, FDI, and trade openness have negative consequences on CO2 emission in China, while all the variables have positive effects on CO2 emission in the case of Pakistan. This study confirms the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve and the moderation effect of energy consumption in both countries. This study also found that there exists a one-way causality running from CO2 to energy consumption and trade openness to CO2 in the case of China. This study suggested focusing on screening and identifying environmentally friendly enterprises
Black and white people on the opposite poles: an analysis with reference to the White Man’s Burden and the Black Man’s Burden
Full text linkThe study probes into the binary opposites of white imperialism and anti-imperialism in the poems of Rudyard Kipling’s White Man’s Burden and H. T. Johnson’s Black Man’s Burden: A Response to Kipling. This research study highlights how these binary opposites generated the ideology of white men\u27s burden to civilise the uncivilised and subsequently affected black and non-white people. It clearly shows that the white people considered non-white people as very low background creatures, and they did not have the right to live in a way where the white people were living. They were considered like people who needed to be civilised only by the white people, and no one else could do this. However, on the other hand, non-white people also consider that they are the same human and that white people have ruined their lives; otherwise, they are more civilised and more cultured. Therefore, this mentality shows that their way of thinking does not conform with each other’s. That’s why we have tried to apply the theory of binary opposite, and the study findings show clearly the binary opposition the whites and blacks have very opposite connections regarding their life, culture, and ruling the people