Daftar Jurnal Penerbit Universitas Negeri Semarang
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Performance of SARIMA, LSTM, GRU and Ensemble Methods for Forecasting Nickel Prices
No full textPurpose: There are several forecasting methods, including SARIMA, LSTM, and GRU, which are often claimed to exhibit strong performance in capturing patterns in time series data. However, few studies have conducted direct comparisons among these methods. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a performance evaluation using empirical data, particularly nickel prices data. This study also aims to improve forecasting performance by combining prediction outputs from deep learning-based models.
Methods: This study utilized data on monthly global nickel prices from January 1990 to May 2025. The models developed include SARIMA, LSTM, GRU, and two ensemble approaches: Weighted Averaging and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA). Model validation was conducted using walk-forward validation with a sliding window approach to evaluate each model’s generalization performance on out-of-sample validation data. The performance was evaluated using MAPE, RMSE, and MAE.
Result: The BMA Ensemble approach shows the best performance in forecasting nickel prices, with a MAPE value of 5.39%, RMSE of 1897.84, and MAE of 1133.96. Prediction validation produces MAPE values below 10%, which indicates that the forecasting results are accurate. The ensemble BMA approach is able to produce more accurate and stable predictions compared to other models.
Novelty: This study offers a novel approach combining LSTM and GRU through ensemble methods to forecast global nickel prices using monthly historical data from 1990 to 2025. In contrast to previous studies that relied on single models, the proposed method with the ensemble BMA approach demonstrates improved forecasting accuracy and stability
Modeling the U.S. Federal Reserve Influence on Indonesia’s Interest Rates: A Markov-Switching Approach
No full textThis study aims to examine how changes in the United States’ monetary policy, such as interest rates and GDP, affect Indonesia’s economic policy, as reflected in Indonesia’s interest rate. The study employs the Markov Switching Dynamic Regression (MSDR) method to analyze these effects, using secondary data obtained from the Federal Reserve. This data includes variables for Indonesia’s and the United States’ interest rates, as well as other control variables. The results show that Indonesia’s interest rate, both in expansionary and contractionary conditions, tends to be influenced by the U.S. interest rate. In contrast, the U.S. GDP has no significant effect on Indonesia’s monetary policy. These findings suggest that external financial conditions, particularly those from the United States, have a significant impact on the economic situation of developing countries, including Indonesia
Soil Quality of Maize and Chili Plants Based on Soil pH in Gemuhblanten Village
No full textSoil pH is an indicator of soil quality that is important to note because it affects the balance of nutrients in the soil. This is important, especially to maintain the fertility of agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to analyze soil quality based on the soil pH of maize and chili plants. The research sample was taken on the agricultural land of Gemuhblanten Village, Gemuh District, Kendal Regency ins October 2022. Sampling was carried out at six points on each of the maize and chili field. The initial pH data obtained was then averaged. It was obtained that the average soil pH of maize plants was 7.75 which was in the "slightly alkaline" criteria. The average soil pH of chili plants is 7.08 which is a "neutral" criterion The soil pH value for maize plants is slightly higher than the good soil pH for maize plants. Meanwhile, the pH of the soil in chili plants meets a good soil pH value for chili plants
Analysis of Listening Skills in The HSK 4 Test Simulation Among Mandarin Department Students at University in Makassar
No full textThis research, titled Analysis of Listening Skills in the HSK 4 Test Simulation Among Mandarin Language Department Students at a University in Makassar, identifies factors or obstacles that may affect the Mandarin language learning of fourth-semester students, particularly in relation to errors made during the HSK 4 listening simulation test, based on results collected through Google Forms and Zoom. Due to a lack of understanding of the question context and audio conversations, many participants made mistakes in answering the questions. This study aims to analyze the listening skills of fourth-semester students in the Mandarin language education program at a university in Makassar in completing the HSK 4 listening simulation test
An Analysis of "来/去" Errors in Chinese Directional Complements by Indonesian Students
No full textMandarin Chinese directional complements present a significant and well-documented challenge for Indonesian learners. This study delves into the intricacies of this grammatical aspect, aiming to identify the specific difficulties encountered by Indonesian students and to propose effective pedagogical strategies. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, beginning with a comparative linguistic analysis of complement expression in both Mandarin Chinese and Indonesian to pinpoint potential areas of linguistic interference. Subsequently, a questionnaire is administered to Indonesian students learning Mandarin to gather empirical data on their comprehension and application of directional complements. Furthermore, a detailed error analysis is conducted on student-produced language samples, focusing specifically on the use of “来/去” (lái/qù) and other directional complement structures. The findings of this study illuminate the multifaceted reasons behind the observed errors, encompassing negative transfer from the learners\u27 first language, individual learner variables such as learning styles and aptitude, environmental factors influencing language acquisition, and the potential inadequacies of current teaching materials and methodologies. Ultimately, this research culminates in the formulation of targeted teaching suggestions and practical methods designed to mitigate these challenges and enhance the learning experience for Indonesian students striving to master Chinese directional complements
Souvenirs as Cultural Symbols: A Case Study of Panda Symbolism and the Chinese Knot from China
No full textThis study explores the role of souvenirs as cultural symbols, focusing on two iconic representations from China: the panda and the Chinese knot. In the context of global tourism, souvenirs serve not only as mementos but also as representations of a nation\u27s identity and cultural values. The study applies Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic theory to analyze two iconic Chinese souvenirs: the panda and the Chinese knot. Using qualitative textual analysis, it explores how these symbols function within the triadic semiotic framework—representamen (the physical form), object (the cultural meaning), and interpretant (the perceived interpretation). The key findings highlight that the panda, as a national symbol, not only embodies China’s identity and commitment to conservation but also serves as a tool of cultural diplomacy, promoting a peaceful image globally. Meanwhile, the Chinese knot reflects Confucian values such as harmony, good fortune, and eternity, while also showcasing the aesthetic and philosophical aspects of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. This study demonstrates that souvenirs act as powerful media of cultural communication and play a role in shaping global perceptions and strengthening a nation\u27s identity. Therefore, souvenirs should be studied not only from economic and tourism perspectives but also through cultural and semiotic lenses
Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT Translation and Google Translate as a Medium for Learning Mandarin for Chinese Language Education Students Universitas Negeri Semarang
No full textThis study aims to analyse the comparison of translation quality from Chinese to Indonesian produced by ChatGPT and Google Translate, as learning media for Chinese Language Education students. Using a qualitative approach and comparative descriptive method, this study analysed 20 sentences from textbooks translated by both platforms. The analysis was based on three main aspects: accuracy of meaning, fluency of language, and suitability of context. The results showed that ChatGPT is consistently superior in producing more fluid and contextual translations than Google Translate, which tends to be more literal. Although both tools can be utilised as a learning support medium, ChatGPT has proven to be of better quality. It was concluded that students need to keep using their linguistic understanding to critically evaluate translation Results.
Research Trends and Challenges in Intercultural Communication within Global Chinese Language Education: A Bibliometric and Systematic Review (2020–2025)
No full textIntercultural communication is a critical component in Chinese language education, where linguistic proficiency must be accompanied by cultural competence. This study explores research trends, key challenges, and conceptual gaps in intercultural communication within Chinese language education from 2020 to 2025. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with bibliometric analysis, 2,744 peer-reviewed articles were identified and examined from the Scopus database. Findings indicate an initial growth in research publications, peaking in 2024, followed by a sharp decline in 2025. China, the United Kingdom, and the United States dominate in terms of publication volume, while Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia are showing growing engagement. Keyword analysis reveals a strong focus on “intercultural communication,” “language education,” and “foreign language learning,” often framed within Sinocentric perspectives. Despite increased scholarly attention, the field continues to rely on conventional theories that do not adequately address the dynamic nature of cultural identities. Pedagogical practices remain fragmented, with limited integration of critical literacy and culturally responsive teaching approaches. Existing assessment tools also lack the capacity to effectively measure the complexity of intercultural competence. The findings suggest a need for the development of inclusive, context-sensitive pedagogical models and more robust evaluation tools to enhance intercultural competence in global Chinese language education.
Comparative Analysis of Mandarin Chengyu Translations into Indonesian Using DeepSeek and Google Translate
No full textThe translation of chengyu is an essential aspect of Mandarin language studies, as these expressions contain figurative meanings and cultural values that cannot always be interpreted literally. However, users in Indonesia often face difficulties in obtaining accurate chengyu translations, especially when relying on automatic translation tools. This study aims to analyze the comparative results of translating 25 Mandarin chengyu using two AI-based translation tools, Deepseek and Google Translate. Employing a descriptive qualitative analysis method, the data were collected from the translation outputs of both tools and compared based on idiomatic accuracy, cultural contextualization, and translation fluency. The findings indicate that Deepseek tends to produce more natural and accurate translations, as it successfully preserves idiomatic meaning and Mandarin cultural context. In contrast, Google Translate more frequently generates literal and lexical translations, causing several chengyu to deviate from their intended figurative meanings. Of the 25 chengyu analyzed, 17 showed similarities in meaning, while 8 displayed differences, with Deepseek demonstrating superiority in terms of semantic accuracy and word choice. This study concludes that Deepseek is more effective for translating Mandarin chengyu into Indonesian, as it provides translations results that better reflect cultural values ada idiomatic nuances
Energy Consumption and Efficiency Optimization in Freeze Drying of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review
No full textFruits and vegetables are essential for global nutrition and economic growth, yet they are among the most perishable food commodities, contributing to major postharvest losses worldwide. Freeze drying is widely recognized as a superior preservation method that maintains the structural integrity, nutritional value, and sensory quality of fresh produce. Despite its advantages, freeze drying is energy-intensive, posing challenges for cost-effectiveness and sustainability in large-scale applications. This review explores the freeze drying process in detail, highlighting the critical operational parameters such as freezing rate, chamber pressure, shelf temperature, and sample thickness, that influence both product quality and energy consumption. Additionally, the role of cryoprotectants in preserving bioactive compounds during drying is discussed. By identifying optimization strategies for these parameters, this study aims to support the development of more energy-efficient and economically viable freeze drying systems for the fruit and vegetable processing industry