Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
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25 Years of Adam Mickiewicz University Research at Çatalhöyük (Türkiye)
No full textThis article presents an overview of 25 years of research conducted by the Adam Mickiewicz University team at Çatalhöyük, Türkiye, focusing on the period from 2014 to 2025. The authors highlight the Polish mission’s significant contributions to understanding both the Neolithic and post-Neolithic occupation of one of the most extensively studied prehistoric sites in Anatolia. The research, carried out in multiple excavation areas – including the TP, TPC, and East Areas – has enabled the construction of a complete stratigraphic sequence for the East Mound, revealing complex architectural developments, burial practices, and material culture spanning from 7100 to 5950 BCE. Significant discoveries include large, multiphase Neolithic buildings, richly decorated interiors, and exceptional anthropomorphic figurines. The Polish mission has also uncovered evidence of later, post-Neolithic occupation, offering new insights into the longterm settlement history of the Konya Plain. The article situates these findings within the broader context of recent advances in Anatolian archaeology, emphasizing the interconnectivity of Çatalhöyük with neighboring sites and regions. The Polish mission’s work has not only deepened scholarly understanding of Çatalhöyük’s local dynamics but also contributed to regional and methodological developments in the study of Anatolia’s prehistoric and early historic periods
Wstęp: z optymizmem w przyszłość, wierni tradycji
No full textThis article offers an introduction to the 30th anniversary volume of Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia, a peer-reviewed journal with a longstanding presence in the archaeological community. For decades, Folia has been an important forum for exchanging scientific ideas in archaeology. The journal presents research on the prehistory and early Middle Ages of Central Europe, Mediterranean archaeology, and, in recent years, interdisciplinary areas and contemporary archaeology.This volume is being published at a time of symbolic significance, given the journal’s 30th anniversary and the changes in the editorial team. The new editors continue the journal’s mission by combining respect for tradition with an openness to new research, theoretical, and methodological perspectives. They emphasize the importance of pluralism in contemporary archaeology, which promotes the discipline’s intellectual dynamism and development rather than weakening it.The volume’s content reflects this diversity. Eleven articles address issues ranging from the Neolithic period to the 21st century and cover topics such as field studies, interdisciplinary analyses, and reflections on cultural heritage and archaeological theory. Both established scientists and younger researchers are given a voice.Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia remains a space for creative dialogue and the exchange of experiences. In keeping with the principles of scientific integrity, interdisciplinarity, and openness, the editors invite contributions to the journal that consider the future of archaeology as a dynamic, socially engaged discipline sensitive to the changing world.This article offers an introduction to the 30th anniversary volume of Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia, a peer-reviewed journal with a longstanding presence in the archaeological community. For decades, Folia has been an important forum for exchanging scientific ideas in archaeology. The journal presents research on the prehistory and early Middle Ages of Central Europe, Mediterranean archaeology, and, in recent years, interdisciplinary areas and contemporary archaeology.This volume is being published at a time of symbolic significance, given the journal’s 30th anniversary and the changes in the editorial team. The new editors continue the journal’s mission by combining respect for tradition with an openness to new research, theoretical, and methodological perspectives. They emphasize the importance of pluralism in contemporary archaeology, which promotes the discipline’s intellectual dynamism and development rather than weakening it.The volume’s content reflects this diversity. Eleven articles address issues ranging from the Neolithic period to the 21st century and cover topics such as field studies, interdisciplinary analyses, and reflections on cultural heritage and archaeological theory. Both established scientists and younger researchers are given a voice.Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia remains a space for creative dialogue and the exchange of experiences. In keeping with the principles of scientific integrity, interdisciplinarity, and openness, the editors invite contributions to the journal that consider the future of archaeology as a dynamic, socially engaged discipline sensitive to the changing world
Polish and Danish regulations on the search for portable antiquities ‒ remarks upon the recent amendment of the law in Poland
Full text linkThe Act of 13th July 2023 amending the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments constitutes a radical change to the previously existing regulations concerning the search for portable antiquities in Poland using electronic or technical devices. The main modification is waiving the requirement to obtain permission from the Provincial Heritage Conservation Officer for an amateur search for portable antiquities, including archaeological finds. In its place, a system of reporting the surveys via a mobile application will be introduced. This paper compares the current and the new Polish regulations with the solutions successfully adopted in Denmark and analyses the effectiveness of the existing Polish regulations using the available statistical data and considering critical opinions.The Act of 13th July 2023 amending the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments constitutes a radical change to the previously existing regulations concerning the search for portable antiquities in Poland using electronic or technical devices. The main modification is waiving the requirement to obtain permission from the Provincial Heritage Conservation Officer for an amateur search for portable antiquities, including archaeological finds. In its place, a system of reporting the surveys via a mobile application will be introduced. This paper compares the current and the new Polish regulations with the solutions successfully adopted in Denmark and analyses the effectiveness of the existing Polish regulations using the available statistical data and considering critical opinions
Edukacja archeologiczna na przykładzie działalności Koła Archeologicznego przy Szkole Podstawowej im. Mikołaja Kopernika w Biadkach (woj. wielkopolskie)
Full text linkIn the article, we discuss the role of archaeological education on the example of the activities of the Archaeological Club at the Mikołaj Kopernik Primary School in Biadki, in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship. The establishment of the Club was the aftermath of a community archaeology project carried out in the village in 2021. We present the aims, methods and results of the activities of this club, which aims to promote knowledge about the past and develop interest in archaeology among students and dispel myths about it. This example shows how archaeological education can be an effective tool to enrich the teaching process and arouse interest in this field of study.In the article, we discuss the role of archaeological education on the example of the activities of the Archaeological Club at the Mikołaj Kopernik Primary School in Biadki, in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship. The establishment of the Club was the aftermath of a community archaeology project carried out in the village in 2021. We present the aims, methods and results of the activities of this club, which aims to promote knowledge about the past and develop interest in archaeology among students and dispel myths about it. This example shows how archaeological education can be an effective tool to enrich the teaching process and arouse interest in this field of study
Zewnętrzne ślady pamięciowe społeczności paleolitycznych
Full text linkThis article explores the Paleolithic era through the lens of art and memory. Specifically, it focuses on the memory category, particularly the memory trace/ engram, to better understand the role that Paleolithic art may have played for communities during that time. Paleolithic art can be seen as a kind of memory trace, carrying information and knowledge about behaviors and actions that were transmitted through it. The deliberate placement of images in an external environment was a significant milestone in the cultural and social evolution of hominids.This article explores the Paleolithic era through the lens of art and memory. Specifically, it focuses on the memory category, particularly the memory trace/ engram, to better understand the role that Paleolithic art may have played for communities during that time. Paleolithic art can be seen as a kind of memory trace, carrying information and knowledge about behaviors and actions that were transmitted through it. The deliberate placement of images in an external environment was a significant milestone in the cultural and social evolution of hominids
Znaczenie i interpretacja terminu bjA
Full text linkThe aim of the article is to highlight the ambiguity of the word bjA and the difficulties in its interpretation, as well as to indicate the correct way of translating this term and to determine the meaning it had for the Egyptians. It will be possible to present this issue through the analysis of preserved texts, especially religious ones, which highlight the multitude of contexts in which it was used. Equally important for the topic will be the presentation of previous interpretation proposals of the word bjA and an indication of their adequacy in the light of the presented state of research. The key point for this article is the presence of different forms of this term written using different characters. Analysis of the way they are combined allows us to trace changes in the methods of recording bjA that influence its use and its importance. Also important in the interpretation of the term bjA is the analysis of the use of metals, especially copper and iron, in ancient Egypt. The development of their metallurgy is an important issue influencing the development of terminology relating to metallurgy of metals. The analysis of the above points will allow us to draw appropriate conclusions and answer the question: how should we translate the term bjA
The phenomenon of medieval “easter eggs”: types of artifacts, probable ways of their distribution and functions (based on finds from the territory of Belarus in the European context)
Full text linkThe paper is devoted to such type of artifacts as “Easter eggs”, also known in the scientific literature as egg-shaped rattles or pisanki. The study considers such problems as the provenance of these artifacts and their function and meaning. In addition to glazed ceramic egg-shaped rattles, imitation eggs made of other materials are considered as part of the same phenomenon. The artifacts from the territory of Belarus were mostly found in towns and do not have a specific context. The majority of the finds dates back to a later period in comparison with the neighboring territories of Old Rus’. The distribution and occurrence of egg-shaped objects in towns and villages corresponded to the period of active spread of Christianity and church building, which indicates that it will be more appropriate to consider these finds in the context of Christianity.The paper is devoted to such type of artifacts as “Easter eggs”, also known in the scientific literature as egg-shaped rattles or pisanki. The study considers such problems as the provenance of these artifacts and their function and meaning. In addition to glazed ceramic egg-shaped rattles, imitation eggs made of other materials are considered as part of the same phenomenon. The artifacts from the territory of Belarus were mostly found in towns and do not have a specific context. The majority of the finds dates back to a later period in comparison with the neighboring territories of Old Rus’. The distribution and occurrence of egg-shaped objects in towns and villages corresponded to the period of active spread of Christianity and church building, which indicates that it will be more appropriate to consider these finds in the context of Christianity
Feniks z popiołów, czyli o sensach ciałopalenia w czasach pól popielnicowych
Full text linkThe development of cremation in Central Europe is related to a broader cultural change in these areas at the turn of the second and third periods of the Bronze Age. The circle of urnfield cultures in a general framework was created in areas where grave cultures had previously developed. The new culture also means an ideological change, which is indicated by the new way of treating the dead. The information and values carried by the cremation ceremony were visualized through fire and props ‒ ceramic urns and other vessels. So, it was a combination of two different traditions. The first one, related to fire, referred to a complex of meanings associated with the glow of heavenly bodies. The second one concerned beliefs about the regenerative power and fertility of the earth. In turn, performative activities undertaken during the funeral, i.e., joint consumption, were intended to establish the status of the mourners. This type of rite conveys very similar content to inhumation in grave cultures.The development of cremation in Central Europe is related to a broader cultural change in these areas at the turn of the second and third periods of the Bronze Age. The circle of urnfield cultures in a general framework was created in areas where grave cultures had previously developed. The new culture also means an ideological change, which is indicated by the new way of treating the dead. The information and values carried by the cremation ceremony were visualized through fire and props ‒ ceramic urns and other vessels. So, it was a combination of two different traditions. The first one, related to fire, referred to a complex of meanings associated with the glow of heavenly bodies. The second one concerned beliefs about the regenerative power and fertility of the earth. In turn, performative activities undertaken during the funeral, i.e., joint consumption, were intended to establish the status of the mourners. This type of rite conveys very similar content to inhumation in grave cultures
Specyfika nauczania archeologii śródziemnomorskiej na Uniwersytecie im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu w kontekście tematów podejmowanych w pracach dyplomowych
Full text linkThe article explores the specificities of teaching Mediterranean archaeology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, within the context of the Oriental and Ancient Archaeology specialization. Using a comprehensive analysis of 258 diploma theses defended between 2004 and 2024, it identifies dominant research trends, thematic interests, and their alignment with the faculty’s academic programs and research priorities. The findings reveal a gradual broadening of the discipline’s scope to include prehistoric and ancient studies of the Mediterranean and neighboring regions. This trend mirrors shifts in student interests and academic discourse on integrating traditional and modern archaeological methodologies. The study provides a reflective evaluation of the specialization’s contribution to Polish academic traditions and its potential future directions.The article explores the specificities of teaching Mediterranean archaeology at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, within the context of the Oriental and Ancient Archaeology specialization. Using a comprehensive analysis of 258 diploma theses defended between 2004 and 2024, it identifies dominant research trends, thematic interests, and their alignment with the faculty’s academic programs and research priorities. The findings reveal a gradual broadening of the discipline’s scope to include prehistoric and ancient studies of the Mediterranean and neighboring regions. This trend mirrors shifts in student interests and academic discourse on integrating traditional and modern archaeological methodologies. The study provides a reflective evaluation of the specialization’s contribution to Polish academic traditions and its potential future directions
Creating stable isotopic database of faunal remains ‒ Bronze Age Italy
Full text linkThis article presents a zooarchaeological isotopic database for Bronze Age Italy, based on previously published isotopic studies. It integrates 209 samples from both, domesticated and wild animals, across Northern, Central, and Southern Italy. The primary aim of the study is to provide comprehensive description of isotopic data covering historical, archaeological, biological, zooarchaeological, geological information in one compile file. It offers a wide-ranging analysis of animal and plant consumption patterns across Italy during the Bronze Age, highlighting differences and similarities across the Italian peninsula and islands. The article underlines isotopic databases as a crucial source for meta-analytical research of prehistorical lifestyle, underscoring their significance in archaeological studies and providing multi-lay-ered insights into prehistoric human-animal interactions. Furthermore, it presents a vital importance of zooarchaeology, as a discipline to investigate human dietary and husbandry practices. Statistical methods are applied to visualize and interpret the isotopic data in order to enhance the clarity and accuracy of di-etary and socio-economic dynamics in Bronze Age Italy. After gathering isotopic studies and organizing them in an excel file based on various criteria, statistical tests for multiple comparison analysis of isotopic ratios were performed using the SPSS software. The Results suggest marked regional differences in diet, with Northern Italy showing early evidence of C4 plant cultivation, such as millet, while Central and Southern Italy maintained a reliance on traditional cereals like wheat and barley (C3 plants)