Filozofia Chrześcijańska
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Rec. Fenomenologia polska a chrześcijaństwo pod redakcją Jakuba Gomułki, Karola Tarnowskiego, Adama Workowskiego Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jana Pawła II w Krakowie Kraków 2014.
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Inspirations of the theology of Hans Urs von Balthasar
No full textThe article is an attempt at characterizing some selected thinkers, who significantly influenced the theological research of Hans Urs von Balthasar. We refer to the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas, existentialist philosophers such as Søren Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, the founder of psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud, as well as to that of the Russian thinker Nikolai Berdyaev and German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. The intent of the author is to show von Balthasar’s eclectic work, i.e. the analysis and assimilation of new ideas in the main body of the Swiss theologian theory
The Discovery of Incorporeality and the Supernatural in Middle Platonism and its Existential Consequences
No full textThe most important and enduring input of Middle Platonism is the way it unveiled the fascinating depths of human nature in its supernatural dimension, and its greatest secrets, including the most important and most sacred mystery of human love, which is the initiation into divinity itself. The discovery of the supernatural dimension of the human nature enforced a change from materialistic life preferences to spiritual ones — it was the consequence of accepting the supernatural aspects of human existence, but also, above all, it revealed its fascinating and mysterious depth in which divinity itself is both hidden and somehow exposed (although only to those who are initiated). Middle Platonic philosophers returned to Platonic postulates: “follow God” and “imitate to God,” which replaced the Stoic “live in accordance with nature” and “follow nature.” In the eyes of the Platonics, the new direction of human ethical development was to be found in imitating the transcendent and incorporeal divinity
Droga do Transcendencji w filozofii starożytnej. Doświadczenie mistyczne czy dialektyka?
No full textZadaniem tego artykułu jest określenie, czy jest możliwe odnalezienie w starożytnej filozofii takich form mistycznego doświadczenia, w których człowiek, prowadzony przez Boga, jest w stanie dostąpić wglądu w Jego istotę i kontemplować najwyższego Boga. Punktem wyjścia analiz jest definicja doświadczenia mistycznego sformułowana przez M. Gogacza, a następnie uzupełniana przez prace I. Andrzejuka. Definicja ta mówi o wiedzy zdobytej per raptum, jak to wyraża Tomasz z Akwinu. To z tej perspektywy są badane fenomeny, takie jak grecka religia, ryty misteryjne oraz pogańskie rozumienie boga/boskości/transcendencji. Analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że grecka filozoficzna wizja transcendencji nie stwarza miejsca na zaistnienie możliwości otrzymania wiedzy na temat Pierwszego Bytu w ramach mistycznego doświadczenia. Staje się to możliwe jedynie w filozofii chrześcijańskiej
Arrheton - Unspeakable in the Greek Mystery Cults
No full textThe paper presents meaning and use of two technical words important for understanding and interpretation of the ancient mystery cults and mystical experience of ancient Greeks: arrheton and aporrheton – “unspeakable” and “forbidden”. The introduction contains general guidelines of so called “Greek religion” with its focus on performance and ritual and describes the rôle of mystery cults in the frame of this adogmatic religious system. The paper explains lexicography of the crucial terms, including etymology, ancient vocabularies and grammar and then turns to the catalogue and interpretation of the most important literary and epigraphical evidence on the use and meaning of arrheton in the Greek culture. The catalogue contains Aristotle, Xenophon, Herodotus, Aristophanes, Euripides, Sophocles, Apuleius and Derveni Papyrus as well as early Christian writers.
Look into the soul. On some mystic conditions of Socratic axiology
No full textThis essay is concerning some mystic aspects of Socratic reflection. We are trying to answer a fundamental question on the basis of Socratic thinking that caused such a significant shift in Western philosophy?Why Socratic thought was not just a one of many theories of human being, which have appeared in this period, and it has not been forgotten as quickly as it had come?Following dialogues of Plato and statements of some philosophers and historians of philosophy, we are trying to reach the essence of Socratic thought on the human being, which shows us human being in the form of a specific type of mysticism
Samotnik w Międzyludzkim, czyli o życiu i twórczości Emila Ciorana
No full textThis essay constitutes an attempt of showing the dialectics of the phenomenons of solitude and community on the example of Romanian writer and philosopher, Emil Cioran’s works and life. The aim of this paper is to present the combination of Cioran’s writings and his private life in comparison with the game in which solitude and community plays the main roles. The complete profile of Cioran greatly references to a philosophical subdiscipline, monoseology which treats on the phenomenon of solitude with its all complexity. The writings of Emil Cioran is a mutual interweaving of loner’s striving for any community
Jednostka a wspólnota w filozofii Charles\u27a Taylora
No full textIn my article I analyse relation of individual and community in Charles Taylor’s philosophy. This relation is presented on two problematic levels. On the first level he concentrates on political philosophy and the second one relates to subject and language. In his political philosophy Charles Taylor starts from liberal – communitarian debate which is a basis for his own position, so-called holistic individualism. It means that on the ontological level individual is unavoidable involved in bonds of community but on the level of preferences individualism is highly valued. On the second level Taylor tries to break extremes of structuralism and idealism. In this case he refers to hermeneutic philosophy and shows the subject as a dialogical one and as a co-author of rules which determine himself.Translated by Agata Mięte
Samotność racjonalisty
No full textThe author looks for constitutional elements of human self in order to discover the right relationship between a person and a community, between solitude and dialog. He analyzes different philosophical points of view which either prefer dialogical understanding of human self or the ones which stress human ability of suspension of the contact with the external reality in order to deepen self-understanding. All that leads the author to the analysis of different types of solitude and its value