Filozofia Chrześcijańska
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Błahe horyzonty Vattimowskiej etyki interpretacji.
No full textVattimo is an author of so-called radicalized hermeneutics. In it he refers creatively to the counter-metaphysical nihilism of Nietzsche and Heidegger. He is accompanied by an intention of radicalization (weakening) both these positions with hope for clearing them of the remains of metaphysical thinking. The nihilistic accomplishment of hermeneutics Vattimo combines with its transition to the ethical position. However he polemizes with approaches, which develop “an ethical vocation” of hermeneutics either in the direction of the ethics of communication (like Habermas), or in the direction of the ethics of redescription (like Rorty), or in the direction of the ethics of continuation (like Gadamer). In their place Vattimo suggests the ethics of interpretation, which is rather ethics of goods than ethics of obligations. It is a kind of a retrospective (historical), pluralistic, relativistic ethics with a preference for the value of freedom. Vattimo is an author of so-called radicalized hermeneutics. In it he refers creatively to the counter-metaphysical nihilism of Nietzsche and Heidegger. He is accompanied by an intention of radicalization (weakening) both these positions with hope for clearing them of the remains of metaphysical thinking. The nihilistic accomplishment of hermeneutics Vattimo combines with its transition to the ethical position. However he polemizes with approaches, which develop “an ethical vocation” of hermeneutics either in the direction of the ethics of communication (like Habermas), or in the direction of the ethics of redescription (like Rorty), or in the direction of the ethics of continuation (like Gadamer). In their place Vattimo suggests the ethics of interpretation, which is rather ethics of goods than ethics of obligations. It is a kind of a retrospective (historical), pluralistic, relativistic ethics with a preference for the value of freedom.
„Pępowina łącząca nas ze światem" Buberowska filozofia odpowiedzialności.
No full textThe article presents ethical ideas of Martin Buber (1878–1965). His main feature is the connection of morality with the religiosity. Buber understood religiosity as the dialogue of God with the man in the world. His ethics is the trial of the answering Kant’s quastion – what should I do? Morality is the choise of the valuable relation. A very important thing is a human conscience. Buber denyed the absolute worth of the moral rules and God as a lawgiver. The central idea of his morality is responsibility. The man is responsible for human beings, situations and future of God in the world. The escape from the responsibility causes the state of existential guilt. The improvemant of the man rests on the renewing of the dialogical relation with the world.The article presents ethical ideas of Martin Buber (1878–1965). His main feature is the connection of morality with the religiosity. Buber understood religiosity as the dialogue of God with the man in the world. His ethics is the trial of the answering Kant’s quastion – what should I do? Morality is the choise of the valuable relation. A very important thing is a human conscience. Buber denyed the absolute worth of the moral rules and God as a lawgiver. The central idea of his morality is responsibility. The man is responsible for human beings, situations and future of God in the world. The escape from the responsibility causes the state of existential guilt. The improvemant of the man rests on the renewing of the dialogical relation with the world
Christus phiLosophicus jako aktualne przesłanie sztuki wczesnochrześcijańskiej Uwagi na marginesie wykładu kard. Josepha Ratzingera Wiara, fiLozofia, teologia.
No full textThe article consists of a discussion about selected issues which were taken up in Cardinal Ratzinger’s lecture, Faith, Philosophy and Theology. The lecture was delivered by the Cardinal in 1984 on the occasion of receiving an honorary doctorate from the College of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota. In his lecture, Joseph Ratzinger refers to the first images of Christ that can be seen on the sarcophagi which date from the early centuries of the Church (the Good Shepherd, the Philosopher, etc.). According to Ratzinger, these depictions constitute an attempt to provide a Christian reply to questions about the sense of death. Today, this issue can bring theology and philosophy together and assist in the search for a new rationale.The article consists of a discussion about selected issues which were taken up in Cardinal Ratzinger’s lecture, Faith, Philosophy and Theology. The lecture was delivered by the Cardinal in 1984 on the occasion of receiving an honorary doctorate from the College of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota. In his lecture, Joseph Ratzinger refers to the first images of Christ that can be seen on the sarcophagi which date from the early centuries of the Church (the Good Shepherd, the Philosopher, etc.). According to Ratzinger, these depictions constitute an attempt to provide a Christian reply to questions about the sense of death. Today, this issue can bring theology and philosophy together and assist in the search for a new rationale
Racjonalność procesu argumentacji teologicznej.
No full textFollowing presentation content synthetic model of rationality of theological argumentation demonstrating these factors which are important for acknowledging whether the argumentation is rational or not, or demonstrating the level of the concentration of rationality. The following paper doesn’t contain analyses concerning rationality of theology as a knowledge but it contains the factors which are important in estimating rationality of mental processes taking part in the process of theological argumentation from psychological point of view. The model concerns theological argumentation as a mental process (including process of reasoning, process of drawing inferences and other mental processes) which is taking part in a mind of theologian speculating on the truths which he/she believes in and which he/she deliberate. This paper shows at one hand a model which can be used by theologian to estimate the rationality of his/her process of theological argumentation and at the other hand a model which can be used by others trying to estimate the rationality of the theologian mental processes. Following presentation content synthetic model of rationality of theological argumentation demonstrating these factors which are important for acknowledging whether the argumentation is rational or not, or demonstrating the level of the concentration of rationality. The following paper doesn’t contain analyses concerning rationality of theology as a knowledge but it contains the factors which are important in estimating rationality of mental processes taking part in the process of theological argumentation from psychological point of view. The model concerns theological argumentation as a mental process (including process of reasoning, process of drawing inferences and other mental processes) which is taking part in a mind of theologian speculating on the truths which he/she believes in and which he/she deliberate. This paper shows at one hand a model which can be used by theologian to estimate the rationality of his/her process of theological argumentation and at the other hand a model which can be used by others trying to estimate the rationality of the theologian mental processes
Nicholas Lash, Pytanie o Boga. Świętość, mowa i milczenie, tłum.
No full textNicholas Lash w swojej książce - w myśl samego tytułu - koncentruje się na problematyce Boga. W jego rozważaniach pojawiają się odniesienia do wszystkich Osób Trójcy Świętej. W pewnym sensie to właśnie doktryna trynitarna stanowi główny przedmiot analiz zawartych w Pytaniu o Boga
Kilka uwag o racjonalności. Wprowadzenie.
No full textRationalism is an attempt to describe the nature of reason and to delimit its scope. All types of rationalism treat reason as a high value not only cognitive but also moral. This article is a short historical synthesis showing certain crucial points in the history of understanding reason and rationality. It also draws some points of evolutionary shifts or revolutionary changes. Reason as logos and reason as ratio, reason of the Enlightment scientism and irrationalism and finally the search for new rationality. The article also poses the question whether the cognitive standpoint, on the ground of which rationalism developed, is fundamental in human life.Rationalism is an attempt to describe the nature of reason and to delimit its scope. All types of rationalism treat reason as a high value not only cognitive but also moral. This article is a short historical synthesis showing certain crucial points in the history of understanding reason and rationality. It also draws some points of evolutionary shifts or revolutionary changes. Reason as logos and reason as ratio, reason of the Enlightment scientism and irrationalism and finally the search for new rationality. The article also poses the question whether the cognitive standpoint, on the ground of which rationalism developed, is fundamental in human life
Benny Levy, Levinas: Dieu et la philosophie, Lagrasse 2009, Verdier poche, s. 473.
No full textW 1973 roku Levy został osobistym sekretarzem Sartre\u27a i pozostał nim aż do jego śmierci, czyli do 1980 roku. Dzięki interwencji Sartre\u27a u prezydenta Giscarda d\u27Estaing otrzymał obywatelstwo francuskie i mógł wyjść z ukrycia. Po latach, w książce Le Livre et les livres z 2003 roku, Levy wyznał: Sartre był dla mnie nie tylko ojcem, lecz także starszym bratem..
Tomas Halik, Cierpliwość wobec Boga. Spotkanie wiary z niewiarą, tłum. A. Babuchowski, Kraków 2009, s. 204
No full textKolejna przetłumaczona na język polski książka czeskiego księdza katolickiego, filozofa, teologa i psychologa jest swoistego rodzaju formą dialogu z niewierzącymi. Autor zauważa i rozpatruje wspólne cechy wiary w Boga i wiary w Jego nieobecność. Co może zaskakiwać, główną różnicę pomiędzy wiarą a ateizmem dostrzega w cierpliwości. Dostrzega również podobieństwo – między ateizmem, religijnym fundamentalizmem oraz entuzjazmem wiary zbyt łatwej - w szybkim uporaniu się z tajemnicą, Bogiem
Racjonalność modlitwy.
No full textIn the paper author argues for the thesis that in confrontation of two kinds of rationality, that is natural cognition of the inherent mind and supernatural cognition in the light of the revealed truth, it is the latter that has the advantage. Then he analyses a prayer (taken as one of the results of the supernatural cognition) as a rational language act and points 5 conditions which seem to be necessary to make the prayer an instrument of shaping a rational attitude towards both God and world.In the paper author argues for the thesis that in confrontation of two kinds of rationality, that is natural cognition of the inherent mind and supernatural cognition in the light of the revealed truth, it is the latter that has the advantage. Then he analyses a prayer (taken as one of the results of the supernatural cognition) as a rational language act and points 5 conditions which seem to be necessary to make the prayer an instrument of shaping a rational attitude towards both God and world
Oświecenie i konieczność nowej racjonalności.
No full textThe article deals with 18th century Enlightenment and its clearly anti-Christian character. However, it is impossible to understand this period without showing it in the light of Christian enlightenment whose centre is Christ – the Light of the world. On the philosophical-theological plane the most profound synthesis of Christian faith and philosophical logos is to be found in the doctrine of St. Augustine along with its theory of illumination (illuminatio). According to John Paul II, the rejection of Christ in the period of Enlightenment resembles the history of St. Paul, who wasrejected on the Athenian Aeropagus when he started speaking about the risen Christ. This rejection was accomplished for the sake of an independent human reason whose complete autonomy was demanded by Kant, whereas in the philosophy of Voltaire the Enlightenment fully showed its derisively-mocking anti-Christian countenance. According to Voltaire faith should be replaced by an enlightened reason and religion by philosophy. In consequence, deism with its idea of God as the Great Clockmaker was to supplant the Christian faith. As Joseph Ratzinger noted, since theEnlightenment we have paradoxically witnessed a deepening trend of irrationalism and scepticism in the Western culture. That is why already as Benedict XVI he postulates the construction of a new rationality, which means “broadening the horizons of rationality” whose ultimate foundation is Christ-the Logos. The article deals with 18th century Enlightenment and its clearly anti-Christian character. However, it is impossible to understand this period without showing it in the light of Christian enlightenment whose centre is Christ – the Light of the world. On the philosophical-theological plane the most profound synthesis of Christian faith and philosophical logos is to be found in the doctrine of St. Augustine along with its theory of illumination (illuminatio). According to John Paul II, the rejection of Christ in the period of Enlightenment resembles the history of St. Paul, who was rejected on the Athenian Aeropagus when he started speaking about the risen Christ. This rejection was accomplished for the sake of an independent human reason whose complete autonomy was demanded by Kant, whereas in the philosophy of Voltaire the Enlightenment fully showed its derisively-mocking anti-Christian countenance. According to Voltaire faith should be replaced byan enlightened reason and religion by philosophy. In consequence, deism with its idea of God as the Great Clockmaker was to supplant the Christian faith. As Joseph Ratzinger noted, since the Enlightenment we have paradoxically witnessed a deepening trend of irrationalism and scepticism in the Western culture. That is why already as Benedict XVI he postulates the construction of a new rationality, which means “broadening the horizons of rationality” whose ultimate foundation is Christ-the Logos.