Repository UNSAP (Universitas Sebelas April)
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Logement à cour
No full textL'espace collectif est un enjeu architectural qualitatif des programmes de logement. Associée à une dimension semi-privée, semi-publique, ces espaces marquent des seuils entre le logement et la ville. La cour, qui recouvre cette définition, en est un type particulier. Historiquement fonctionnelle, elle peut toutefois dans certaines proportions faire la démonstration de bien d'autres valeurs qui en font un lieu collectif fantastique; un véritable cœur d'îlot, au centre de la vie de ses habitants. Le quartier de Prélaz à Lausanne, qui accueille le projet, fait figure d'exception dans le tissu de la ville par les nombreux îlots à cour qu'il présente. Tirant parti de cette spécificité, ce projet de logement fait de la cour un thème architectural, qui trouve ici une résonance particulière, et permet de développer de nouveaux éléments de qualification de l'espace public du quartier. Les deux bâtiments délimitent un passage urbain comme niveau de référence du projet. Il s'agit d'un premier seuil qui fait le lien entre l'extérieur et le centre du quartier, dont les limites plus généreuses forment dorénavant une place. En écho, les cours qui cernent le passage sont des lieux ouverts mais intimes. Domestiques, ils sont dédiés aux habitants. Par leur taille, leur fonction est avant tout esthétique, sociale et ludique. La cour correspond peut-être à un idéal d'espace collectif mais qui sait encore convaincre par la richesse, la beauté et l'intensité qu'il offre à ses habitants.SAR-DLCCLASTCote: 2014.049Archive: MEM.1/1 A4 vertical, CD.1/1Groupe de suivi: Ortelli Luca (dir. pédagogique); Cogato Lanza Elena (prof.); Bolomey Dan (maître EPFL); Zurbuchen Bernard (expert)Professeur responsable de l'Enoncé: Ortelli Luca (ENAC IA LCC)Enoncé théorique de master: La cour, identité et permanence dans le logement collectif
Local wave speed and bulk flow viscosity in Francis turbines at part load operation
No full textThe operation of Francis turbines at off-design conditions may cause the development of a cavitation vortex rope in the draft tube cone, acting as a pressure excitation source. The interactions between this excitation source and the hydraulic system at the natural frequency may result in resonance phenomena, causing serious hydro-mechanical oscillations. One-dimensional draft tube models for the simulation and prediction of part load resonances require an accurate modelling of the wave speed and the bulk viscosity for the draft tube flow. This paper introduces a new methodology for determining these two hydroacoustic parameters in the draft tube of a reduced scale physical model of a Francis turbine, based on experimental identification of the hydraulic natural frequency of the test rig. Finally, dimensionless numbers are derived to define both the wave speed and bulk viscosity for different operating points of the turbine.LM
Modelling the potential of Natural Flood Management practices in an upland peatland catchment with the distributed TOPMODEL
No full textIn order to reduce flood risk, there is a growing interest in more nature-based solutions, such as Natural Flood Management (NFM), rather than hard-engineering ones. To help build the evidence towards these solutions, we analysed the influence of different land cover change and land management in an upland peatland catchment in the Yorkshire Dales, UK. Using the distributed TOPMODEL from Gao et al., we first modelled the impact of revegetation, grazing and prescribed burning on the flood hydrograph. Then, tree planting as woodland and hedgerow, was implemented in the model and its influence on the flood peak was assessed. Revegetation of the whole catchment, from bare peat to \textit{Eriophorum} grasses, reduced the flood peak by 47\% and delayed it by an hour and twenty minutes for an 18mm/hour rainfall. Taking a baseline \textit{Eriophorum} cover of the catchment, prescribed burning did not have a significant impact and grazing gave a 45-minute earlier and 31\% higher flood peak. Woodland and hedgerow planting on grazed areas both had a positive influence on the flood peak. Planting hedgerows on every field edges in the catchment reduced the flood peak by 14\% and delayed it by 15 minutes for the same above rainfall. Different scenarios of woodland planting were analysed: existing, floodplain, riparian and wider catchment woodlands. The most efficient scenarios were floodplain and riparian planting which gave a similar 3-hour late and 59\% lower flood peak. The existing woodland scenario was the least efficient (12.5\% reduction and 6-minute delay) and the wider catchment scenario was in between (40\% reduction and 1-hour delay). Location of planting in the catchment was found to be very important and planting is near-stream zones is more efficient than in the headwaters or midslope of the catchment. Tree type and age at the catchment scale did not have a strong influence. Efficiency of tree planting on flood peak reduction and delay decreases with increasing rainfall intensity and storm duration. Floodplain woodland was found to be the most interesting scenario as flood risk was significantly reduced while only changing the land cover of a small portion of the catchment area (3\%).LHESIE-
Visible Human Slice Web Server: A first assessment
No full textThe Visible Human Slice Server (http://visiblehuman.epfl.ch) started offering its slicing services at the end of June 1998. From that date until the end of May, more than 280'000 slices were extracted from the Visible Man, by laymen interested in anatomy, by students and by specialists. The Slice Server is based one Bi-Pentium PC and 16 disks. It is a scaled down version of a powerful parallel server comprising 5 Bi-Pentium Pro PCs and 60 disks. The parallel server program was created thanks to a computer-aided parallelization framework, which takes over the task of creating a multi-threaded pipelined parallel program from a high-level parallel program description. On the full blown architecture, the parallel program enables the extraction and resampling of up to 5 colour slices per second. Extracting 5 slices/s requires to access the disks and extract subvolumes of the Visible Human at an aggregate throughput of 105 MB/s. The publicly accessible server enables to extract slices having any orientation. The slice position and orientation can either be specified for each slice separately or as a position and orientation relative to a previous slice. This contribution gives a first assessment of the slice access capabilities offered by a Java applet and possible future improvements. In the very near future, the Web Slice Server will offer additional services, such as the possibility to extract ruled surfaces and to extract animations incorporating slices perpendicular to a user defined trajectory.LS
Phase Separation on Mixed-Monolayer-Protected Metal Nanoparticles: A Study by Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
No full textMixed monolayers, which on flat surfaces phase-separate into randomly shaped domains, spontaneously form ordered rings of alternating composition when assembled around the core of a monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle (see figure). It is shown that it is possible to use infrared spectroscopy, a simple and common technique, to prove the existence of these phase-separated domains on nanoparticles.SUNMI
Object Category Detection using Audio-visual Cues
No full textCategorization is one of the fundamental building blocks of cognitive systems. Object categorization has traditionally been addressed in the vision domain, even though cognitive agents are intrinsically multimodal. Indeed, biological systems combine several modalities in order to achieve robust categorization. In this paper we propose a multimodal approach to object category detection, using audio and visual information. The auditory channel is modeled on biologically motivated spectral features via a discriminative classifier. The visual channel is modeled by a state of the art part based model. Multimodality is achieved using two fusion schemes, one high level and the other low level. Experiments on six different object categories, under increasingly difficult conditions, show strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches, and clearly underline the open challenges for multimodal category detection.LIDIA
Approximate Method for Performance-Based Seismic Assessment of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
No full textbstract A wide range of approximate methods has been historically proposed for performance-based assessment of frame buildings in the aftermath of an earthquake. Most of these methods typically require a detailed analytical model representation of the respective building in order to assess its seismic vulnerability and post-earthquake functionality. This paper proposes an approximate method for estimating story-based engineering demand parameters (EDPs) such as peak story drift ratios, peak floor absolute accelerations, and residual story drift ratios in steel frame buildings with steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs). The proposed method is based on concepts from structural health monitoring, which does not require the use of detailed analytical models for structural and non-structural damage diagnosis. The proposed method is able to compute story-based EDPs in steel frame buildings with MRFs with reasonable accuracy. Such EDPs can facilitate damage assessment/control as well as building-specific seismic loss assessment. The proposed method is utilized to assess the extent of structural damage in an instrumented steel frame building that experienced the 1994 Northridge earthquake.RESSLA
Identification of side effects of COVID-19 drug candidates on embryogenesis using an integrated zebrafish screening platform
No full textDrug repurposing is an important strategy in COVID-19 treatment, but many clinically approved compounds have not been extensively studied in the context of embryogenesis, thus limiting their administration during pregnancy. Here we used the zebrafish embryo model organism to test the effects of 162 marketed drugs on cardiovascular development. Among the compounds used in the clinic for COVD-19 treatment, we found that Remdesivir led to reduced body size and heart functionality at clinically relevant doses. Ritonavir and Baricitinib showed reduced heart functionality and Molnupiravir and Baricitinib showed effects on embryo activity. Sabizabulin was highly toxic at concentrations only 5 times higher than Cmax and led to a mean mortality of 20% at Cmax. Furthermore, we tested if zebrafish could be used as a model to study inflammatory response in response to spike protein treatment and found that Remdesivir, Ritonavir, Molnupiravir, Baricitinib as well as Sabizabulin counteracted the inflammatory response related gene expression upon SARS-CoV-2 spike protein treatment. Our results show that the zebrafish allows to study immune-modulating properties of COVID-19 compounds and highlights the need to rule out secondary defects of compound treatment on embryogenesis. All results are available on a user friendly web-interface https://share.streamlit.io/alernst/covasc_dataapp/main/CoVasc_DataApp.py that provides a comprehensive overview of all observed phenotypic effects and allows personalized search on specific compounds or group of compounds. Furthermore, the presented platform can be expanded for rapid detection of developmental side effects of new compounds for treatment of COVID-19 and further viral infectious diseases.UPOATE