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Lymphotoxin-Dependent B Cell-FRC Crosstalk Promotes De Novo Follicle Formation and Antibody Production following Intestinal Helminth Infection
No full textSecondary lymphoid tissues provide specialized niches for the initiation of adaptive immune responses and undergo a remarkable expansion in response to inflammatory stimuli. Although the formation of B cell follicles was previously thought to be restricted to the postnatal period, we observed that the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) of helminth-infected mice form an extensive number of new, centrally located, B cell follicles in response to IL-4Rα-dependent inflammation. IL-4Rα signaling promoted LTα1β2 (lymphotoxin) expression by B cells, which then interacted with CCL19 positive stromal cells to promote lymphoid enlargement and the formation of germinal center containing B cell follicles. Importantly, de novo follicle formation functioned to promote both total and parasite-specific antibody production. These data reveal a role for type 2 inflammation in promoting stromal cell remodeling and de novo follicle formation by promoting B cell-stromal cell crosstalk.UPHARRI
Impact of surface roughness on the turbulent wake flow of a turbine blade
No full textRoughened aeroengine blade surfaces lead to increased friction losses and reduced efficiency of the individual blades. The surface roughness also affects the wake flow of the blade and thus the inflow conditions for the subsequent compressor or turbine stage. To investigate the impact of surface roughness on a turbulent blade wake, we conducted velocity field measurements by means of stereo particle image velocimetry in the wake of a roughened turbine blade in a linear cascade wind tunnel. The turbine blade was roughened at different chordwise locations. The influence of the chordwise location of the added surface roughness was examined by comparing their impact on the width and depth of the wake and, the positions and distribution of vortical structures in the wake. Additionally, the friction loss coefficients for different surface roughness positions were estimated directly from the velocity field.UNFOL
Next-generation DNA sequencing techniques
No full textNext-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques are opening fascinating opportunities in the life sciences. Novel fields and applications in biology and medicine are becoming a reality, beyond the genomic sequencing which was original development goal and application. Serving as examples are: personal genomics with detailed analysis of individual genome stretches; precise analysis of RNA transcripts for gene expression, surpassing and replacing in several respects analysis by various microarray platforms, for instance in reliable and precise quantification of transcripts and as a tool for identification and analysis of DNA regions interacting with regulatory proteins in functional regulation of gene expression. The next-generation sequencing technologies offer novel and rapid ways for genome-wide characterisation and profiling of mRNAs, small RNAs, transcription factor regions, structure of chromatin and DNA methylation patterns, microbiology and metagenomics. In this article, development of commercial sequencing devices is reviewed and some European contributions to the field are mentioned. Presently commercially available very high-throughput DNA sequencing platforms, as well as techniques under development, are described and their applications in bio-medical fields discussed.LPM
Membrane electrode assembly fabricated with the combination of Pt/C and hollow shell structured-Pt-SiO2@ZrO2 sphere for self-humidifying proton exchange membrane fuel cell
No full textThe Pt-supported hollow structured Pt-HZrO2 with the shell thickness of 27 nm is successfully synthesized. The water retention ability of Pt-HZrO2 is significantly enhanced compared with that of SiO2@ZrO2 due to the hydrophilic hollow structured HZrO2 with high BET surface area. Pt-C and Pt-HZrO2 are combined with different weight fractions to prepare the double catalyst electrode (DCE). The membrane electrode assembly with the DCE is fabricated and applied to both anode and cathode or anode side only. The water flooding and thus rapid voltage drop is affected by the presence/or absence of the DCE at the cathode side. The cell test and visual experiment suggests that the Pt-HZrO2 layer adsorb the water molecules generated by the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), preventing the water flooding. The power generation under RH 0% strongly suggests the back-diffusion of water molecules generated by the ORR. The flow rate to the cathode significantly affects the water flooding and cell performance. Higher flow rate to the cathode is advantageous to expel the water generated by the ORR, thus preventing water flooding and enhancing the cell performance. Therefore, the weight fraction of Pt-C to Pt-HZrO2 and the flow rate to the cathode should be well balanced. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.LME
Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen deposition : biogeochemical effects through plant-soil interactions
No full textECO
Simple ways to pace trains
No full textAs long as a train does not conflict with others trains, the energy consumption for traction can be minimized according to its times of departure, arrival, and passing through fixed points. However, when a conflict of itineraries is foreseen, pacing trains becomes a priority task to minimize delays on one hand but also to try to minimize energy consumption, wear and discomfort on the other hand. This paper presents two simple ways to pace trains thanks to a simple piece of information sent to drivers. The first one is to send information to drivers by phone about the next foreseen conflict concerning their train. The second one uses the track-side signalling system to inform the driver about the clearance of some track sections ahead of the train. Both ways let experimented drivers a large freedom to manage tight situations in a satisfying manner.GR-T
EVALUASI SISTEM E-OFFICE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE (SUS) DI DESA MEKARJAYA
Get PDFPemanfaatan teknologi saat ini sudah di segala bidang, termasuk juga dalam pengelolaan kantor. E-Office sebagai salah satu hasil dari perkembangan teknologi tentunya akan membantu pegawai di kantor dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugas perkantoran. Tidak hanya pegawai, tetapi pemimpin pun juga akan ikut menikmati hasilnya sehingga dapat menghasilkan laporan yang dapat di generate dengan cepat berdasarkan data terpadu yang ada didalam sistem e-office. E-Office juga membantu mengelola pengarsipan data di desa dan juga membantu mewujudkan Dari Sumedang Untuk Indonesia, Sumedang Satu Data untuk Satu Data Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi sistem E-Office dan mengetahui tingkat usability E-Office bagi pengguna di Desa Mekarjaya menggunakan metode System Usability Scale (SUS) dan metode kualitatif sehingga akan meningkatkan kualitas sistem, kinerja perangkat desa, dan akan berdampak pada meningatkan kualitas pelayanan terhadap masyarakat. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah perlu perbaikan dalam sistem E-Office
AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN "CLOSE THE DOOR" PODCAST
Get PDFThis research is entitled An Analysis of Illocutionary Act in “Close the Door” Podcast. It is aimed to find out the types illocutionary act and the illocutionary act functions found in Close the Door podcast by Deddy Corbuzier on YouTube. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research. Furthermore, the object that analyzed in this research is the conversation of Close the Door podcast between Deddy Corbuzier and Andrew Kalaweit. In analyzing the data, theory by Searle was applied in this research. The research found four types of illocutionary acts used by speakers. There are declaratives, representatives, directives, and expressives. The representatives are the dominant frequent (65%). Besides, there are 15 illocutionary act functions which the function of stating a fact is the highest number (39%) because the speakers want to convince the viewers about the issues discussed in the video. It can be concluded that the guest dominates the conversation by using representative illocutionary acts that indicates to stimulate people’s knowledge and critical thinking.
Keywords: Types of Illocutionary Act, Illocutionary Act Functions, Podcas
AN ANALYSIS OF THE FEMINISM IN THE NOVEL KIM JIYOUNG, BORN 1982
Get PDFThis research is entitled “An Analysis of The Feminism in The Novel Kim Jiyoung, Born 1982”, with the aim of knowing the type of gender inequality with theory from Fakih (1996) and the struggle of female characters represented with the type of feminism according to Tong (2009) that appears in the novel “Kim Jiyoung, Born 1982”. The research method in this study is descriptive qualitative with three steps of data analysis according to Miles & Huberman (2014) as data analysis technique. This research choose A Korean novel by Choo Nam-Joo entitled “Kim Jiyoung, Born 1982” English version translated by Jamie Chang as the data source, and the research object is in the form of quotes, words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that depict gender inequality and feminism. The results found are 43 data for gender inequality and 17 data for feminism, so the total amount of data found is 60 data. The most common type of gender inequality in the novel is marginalization, while for feminism, the most common types are liberal feminism and existentialist feminism. Marginalization in this novel reflects the neglect and exclusion of female characters in diverse aspects of life, and subordination highlights the inferior position and dependence of female characters on men in patriarchal social structures. Additionally, liberal feminism appears in this novel because it focuses on equal rights and opportunities for women in society, and existentialist feminism is also evident in this novel through the emphasis on women\u27s choices and existence as autonomous individuals.Feminism, gender inequality, literary, novel
KOREANESS IN CONSTRUCTING BEAUTY IMAGES IN INDONESIAN BEAUTY PRODUCT ADVERTISEMENTS AFTER KOREAN WAVE’S INFLUENCES: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Get PDFAs a result of globalization and colonialism in the past, Indonesia easily accepts foreign cultures, including the Korean Wave. The spread of the Korean Wave into Indonesia has influenced many people\u27s perspectives and ideologies, including the perspective of the Indonesian people through beauty images. The beauty industries exploited this phenomenon to reap more profits while at the same time spreading the ideologies and beauty image they create to the Indonesian people through the most powerful element of socialization, namely advertising. This study aims to analyze the beauty images formed by advertisers, manipulation techniques in advertisements, and the ideologie s underlying K Natural White, Citra, and Scarlett Whitening advertisement s. Fairclough\u27s three-dimensional analysis of several beauty products video advertisements examines the characteristics of constructed beauty images, the techniques employed in beauty product advertisements to manipulate the consumers to buy the product, and the underlying ideologies in depicting these advertisements. The data for this research are verbal languages contained in the ten video advertiseme nts from these three beauty brands. This analysis also shows that the constructed beauty image that advertisers are trying to form is that beauty must be white and glowing like Korean women; women will more easily achieve their goals if they are beautiful, like the representation of Korean ideal beauty. There are many techniques to manipula te consumers to buy these products with unrealistic representations using the metaphors shown by advertisers to create an unrealistic beauty myth. Therefore, from how advertisers create beauty images and manipulate consumers to buy their products, it can be concluded that advertisers have several ideologies including Koreaness. This research only uses CDA approach with Fairclough\u27s three-dimensional models, so further researchers may also pursue semiotic and stylistic research