Kasetsart University Open Journal System : KUOJS
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Assessment of oxidative stress parameters in summer anestrous buffaloes exhibiting differential fertility following melatonin implants treatment
Get PDFFor evaluating the impact of melatonin implants treatment during non-breeding season to ameliorate oxidative stress, 132 anestrous buffaloes were subcutaneously inserted with 2x4 mm absorbable slow-release melatonin implants (18 mg/50 kg b wt) at the base of left ear and 60 buffaloes were used as control. Ovarian ultrasonography and jugular vein blood sampling were carried out at 7-day interval till day 35 post-treatment or till ovulation, whichever was earlier. Control and implanted buffaloes were subjected to artificial insemination (AI) at overt or induced estrus followed by pregnancy diagnosis at day 90 post-AI. Erythrocytic lipid peroxidation (LPO) values were reduced (P<0.05) in implanted buffaloes from day 21 post-treatment onwards when compared to their pre-treatment and Control group values. However, the concentrations of erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were invariably higher (P<0.05) following treatment as compared to their pre-treatment and Control group values. The buffaloes ovulating in Control or Treatment group revealed higher (P<0.05) erythrocytic GPx in the Latter group. Also, between pregnant counterparts of Control and Treatment group, the Latter group buffaloes exhibited low (P<0.05) erythrocytic LPO, and high (P<0.05) erythrocytic GPx, SOD and catalase. It can be concluded that melatonin implants treatment was successful for mitigating the oxidative stress in summer anestrous buffaloes, and the status of oxidative stress parameters following treatment was better in buffaloes that ovulated or conceived subsequently
Effect of CIDR protocol on conception rate in RFM affected and normally calved buffaloes
Get PDFDelayed re-establishment of ovarian cyclicity after parturition leads to increased inter-calving interval in buffaloes. This interval is further extended by the occurrence of post-partum disorders especially retained fetal membranes (RFM) which in turn causes heavy economic loss to the farming community. A total of 16 buffaloes at 45 to 60 days post-partum period including 8 buffaloes treated for retained fetal membranes (RFM) and 8 normally calved (NC) were selected and dewormed orally with Albendazole and administered orally with 50 g mineral mixture for 15 days after deworming. All the buffaloes at 60 to 75 days post-partum were inserted with CIDR intravaginally and left in situ for 9 days. All the buffaloes received an intra-muscular injection of 500 µg PGF2α at 24 h prior to CIDR withdrawal. At 48 (first AI) and 72 h (second AI) of CIDR removal, the buffaloes were artificially inseminated. Further, those buffaloes which failed to conceive and returned to oestrus (subsequent oestrus) following breeding at induced oestrus, were artificially inseminated twice at an interval of 24 h. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by rectal examination at 60 days post-insemination. Retention rate of CIDR from insertion to withdrawal was 100%. The percentage of ovulatory response assessed by ultrasonography following oestrus induction in NC and RFM affected buffaloes was 100 and 87.50%. The first service, second service and overall conception rates were 25, 37.50 and 62.50 and 62.50, 25 and 87.50 in RFM and NC groups respectively.In both the groups, the serum mean progesterone levels increased from the time of selection to the time of PGF2α injection but at first AI, the serum progesterone levels reached below 0.5 ng/ml and at 10 days post AI, there was an elevated progesterone levels in both the groups. The serum oestradiol levels increased from the time selection of animals to the time of first AI and then declined at 10 days post AI. The mean serum oestradiol levels were higher in NC buffaloes from the time of selection of animal to first AI in all the groups when compared to RFM affected buffaloes. It is concluded that oestrus induction with CIDR plus PGF2α with prior deworming and mineral mixture supplementation could be used in post-partum NC or RFM affected buffaloes to achieve maximum conception rate under field conditions
Principal component regression analysis to predict lifetime milk yield of Jaffarabadi buffaloes
Get PDFThe study aims to devise most appropriate prediction model for lifetime milk production of Jaffarabadi Buffalo, based on principal components formulated on initially expressed lactation records as predictors. Lactation milk yield, lactation period and peak milk yield records of first, second and third lactations of animals under study were used of 24 years (1987 to 2010). Principal components (PCs) were derived from data set using principal component regression analysis (PCRA), the principal components were used as predictors for predicting lifetime milk yield (LTMY). Multiple linear regression models were fitted to identify the best fitted model for prediction of lifetime milk yield with the first principal component to all principal component as a predictor. The equation LTMY = 7825.8768+2.8118 (PC1) - 13.7098 (PC2) - 599.0908 (PC3) + 3.0266 (PC4) - 8.8196 (PC5) - 257.9315 (PC6) + 2.6042 (PC7) explained 98.9% variation in the estimated values with adjusted R2= 59.09% variation in the estimated values. The curve estimation analysis showing the appropriateness of first seven principal components as predictor was the most appropriate model for lifetime milk yield. These prediction equations may be helpful in selection at an early stage of Jaffarabadi Buffalo based on early part lactation records
Oxidative stress indicators during peripartum uterine infection of buffaloes: A review
Get PDFThe transition of dairy animals from the period of pregnancy to next lactation considerably enhances the need for source of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and other nutrients for various metabolic activities. At the same time, the dry matter intake is generally decreased resulting to negative energy balance ultimately compromising the immunity, which leads to oxidative stress as a result of enhanced free radicals in body and makes the animal vulnerable to metabolic as well as infectious diseases. Diseases related to reproductive system especially uterine infections viz. endometritis, metritis during the peri partum period is the most widespread reason of infertility in dairy sector leading to enhancing the interval for uterine involution, occurrence of first oestrus, number of services/ conception and service period. The adverse effects on fertility of animal, health status and the treatment cost prove that uterine infections are considered as one of the most serious and expensive conditions, challenging the buffalo sector. Hence, current researchers aim to find some indicator molecules which will predict the diseases before their onset so that by managemental and nutritional interventions it can be minimised, further animal will suffer less, and better management and welfare will be achieved. The objective of this review article is to discuss about the occurrence of oxidative stress during peripartum period and the physical status of Murrah buffaloes during the said period by assessing the Nitric oxide (NO), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) status
Retrieval of an unusual fishhook foreign body from the esophagus in a buffalo
Get PDFA four-year-old female buffalo was presented with a complaint of accidental ingestion of fishhook along with fodder. The owner tried to pull out the fishhook thread during ingestion, accidentally the thread broke and, the fishhook was ingested by the buffalo. The clinical examination revealed hypersalivation and the animal was anxious to observe. Radiography on a standing animal revealed fishhook shape metallic opacity just below the 4 to 5th cervical vertebrae within the esophagus. The fishhook was removed manually without any surgical intervention with the help of the right hand under deep sedation. Recovery was uneventful and soon after the intervention the animal was observed to be almost back to normalcy
Ocular squamous cell carcinoma: A patho-morphological and AgNOR based diagnosis
Get PDFA fifteen years old female buffalo was referred to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC), RS Pura, Jammu, India with a history of purulent discharge and protruded mass from the right eye with an impaired vision for 30 days. On physical examination, there was ulcerated vesicular growth at the sclera corneal junction. Protruded mass was removed surgically and was taken for histopathological examination and AgNOR count. On histopathological studies, cells displayed severe anaplasia, pleomorphism, hyperchromatic nuclei, multiple nucleoli, and frequent mitotic figures and it was diagnosed as ocular squamous cell carcinoma. The value of mean and proliferative AgNOR for ocular squamous cell carcinoma was found to be 2.83±0.87 and 32%, respectively. Based on patho-morphological examination and AgNOR count, the protruded mass was led to the final diagnosis of ocular squamous cell carcinoma
Scoping study of research trends on Nili Ravi buffalo applying scientometric analysis and network visualization
Get PDFThe study elucidates scientometric analysis of published scientific communications on Nili Ravi buffalo in journal(s) for having an appraisal of status-quo of the research and scientific activities. Metadata of 383 articles retrieved from Scopus were analysed to identify the most productive author(s), institution(s) vis-a-vis countries and to ascertain their collaboration trends. Keyword based analysis was performed to provide an overview of the strength areas of research on Nili Ravi for better comprehension. The results revealed that the research efforts on Nili Ravi were discernible after the year 2005. All except 1.30% articles have been an outcome of the collaborative authorship. There were only few productive authors with ≥10 records, but others contributed on the subject occasionally. Nearly 90% of the articles have been contributed by Pakistan and its' authors have worked in close collaboration with scientists from United Kingdom, United States of America, China, Canada, and South Korea. They also have conjoint symbiosis on academic/research endavours on Nili Ravi with experts from Austria, Netherlands, India, Germany, Italy, and Australia. Twelve leading institutions contributed to ≥10 articles. Publication outcome of the Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan and Semen Production Unit, Qadirabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan has higher Relative Citation Impact (RCI), making it obvious that their publication(s) have wider acceptance amongst scientific populace. Most productive vis-à-vis impactful journals publishing articles on Nili Ravi have also been identified
Comparative study of Tris Turmeric, Tris Turmeric Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Tris Turmeric Ethylene glycol extenders on the cryosurvivability, sperm resistance, in- vivo fertility and antioxidant status in buffalo bull semen
Get PDFThe freeze-thaw process leads to structural and functional damage due to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The addition of exogenous antioxidants to sperm diluents is of great importance to overcome oxidative damage during freezing. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of three diluents Tris Turmeric, Tris Turmeric Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Tris Turmeric Ethylene glycol on the cold survival ability of buffalo sperm. Semen was collected from five local adult male buffalo breeds. A base diluent of Tris-citric acid-fructose (TCF) was prepared, adding 20% whole egg yolk (TCFY). The Tris extender without turmeric, without DMSO, and without EG was kept as a control. Other extenders are Tris containing turmeric TT (100 ml/5 ml Tris), Tris containing turmeric dimethyl sulfoxide TTD (100 ml/5 ml Tris + 1.5% DMSO) and Tris containing turmeric and ethylene glycol TTE EG (100 ml/5 ml Tris + 1.5% EG). Semen samples were added and a pure sperm concentration of 60 × 106/ml was achieved. Frozen buffalo sperm after thawing showed significant improvements in all research parameters of the three breeding samples compared to the control. Tris Turmeric Ethylene was the type that best improved sperm survival under frozen conditions, followed by Tris Turmeric and Tris Turmeric Dimethyl Sulfoxide compared to the control. A significant decrease in sperm motility after thawing was evident as usage time increased in all expanders. There was a significant increase in total antioxidant content (TAC) and insignificant change in malondialdehyde (MDA) of the diluent used compared to the control. Conception rate (CR) was higher in Tris Turmeric Ethylene glycol (65.2%), followed by Tris Turmeric (60.3%) and Tris Turmeric Dimethyl Sulfoxide (55.9%) compared to the control (36, 7%). It can be concluded that Tris Turmeric Ethylene Glycol is considered the best agent for improving cold survival and sperm fertility, followed by Tris Turmeric and Tris Turmeric Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Oseophageal obstruction and its surgical management in 4 buffaloes- A case study
Get PDFThe present clinical study reports the surgical management of oesophageal obstruction in 4 buffaloes which were presented to the department of surgery and radiology, from 2018 to 2022 with the symptoms of salivation, intermittent regurgitation and inability of the animal to swallow feed and water. Diagnosis of oesophageal obstruction was by physical examination and passage of probang and further it was confirmed with help of radiography. Surgery revealed that the cause of obstruction was a rexine / leather material respectively. After the surgical repair, the animals recovered without any complications
Effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive efficiency of Mehsana buffaloes maintained at organized farm
Get PDFThe present investigation included the data pertaining to lactation records of 301 Mehsana buffaloes, spread over a period of 30 years (1991 to 2020), collected from the records maintained at Livestock Research Station, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, District Banaskantha, Gujarat; to evaluate the reproduction performance of Mehsana buffaloes. The data pertaining to different performance traits was collected from the records of the farm and analysed to know the effects of non-genetic factors like- period of calving, season of calving, parity and age at first calving group on these performance traits. The LSM of AFC have been observed 1295.54±11.80 days (N=301), but it was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by the period of birth. Similarly, LSM for SP was calculated 145.72±4.98 days (N=1038) and it was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by period of calving, season of calving and parity, but AFC group did not have any effect on this trait. The LSM of DP was estimated as 213.69±9.17 days (N=869), while it was significantly (P≤0.05) affected by period of calving, but effect of season of calving and parity on this trait was highly significant (P≤0.01). Similarly, LSM of CI was observed 451.97±4.97 days (N=1054), which was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by the period of calving, season of calving and parity. Therefore, based on these observations it was concluded that significant effect of non-genetic factors play an important role to improve the reproduction performance of the Mehsana buffalo herd, therefore emphasis must be given on nutrition, management and health cover practices to improve the performance of the indigenous breed on the farm