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การบริหารงานวิชาการของโรงเรียนในกลุ่มพระปฐมเจดีย์ สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษานครปฐม เขต 1
Full text linkThe objectives of this research were to 1) study the academic administration level of schools in the Phra Pathom Chedi group under to the Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Area Office 1 and 2) study the academic administration guidelines of schools in the Phra Pathom Chedi group under to the Nakhon Pathom Educational Area Office 1. A total of 136 people were selected from the Krejci and Morgan table by simple random sampling. A total of 130 completed questionnaires were returned, accounting for 95.59%. The research tool uses questionnaires and interviews. The validity value was 1. The content validity index of the questionnaire was 1.00 The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.982. The quantitative data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
The results showed that the academic administration in schools was at the highest level in all aspects: 1) educational supervision, 2) learning process development, 3) curriculum development, 4) measurement and evaluation, and 5) media, innovation, and technology development. The guidelines for the development of academic administration work include: 1) Improving the curriculum to suit the learners and continuously following up on the results, 2) using learner-centered teaching and learning while creating an environment that promotes learning, 3) establishing a clear measurement policy and developing teachers in evaluation, 4) organizing a continuous supervision system and supporting the use of technology, and 5) promoting the development of media and innovation for education and sharing resources in schoolsการวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาระดับการบริหารงานวิชาการของโรงเรียนในกลุ่มพระปฐมเจดีย์ สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษานครปฐม เขต 1 และ 2) ศึกษาแนวทางการบริหารงานวิชาการของโรงเรียนในกลุ่มพระปฐมเจดีย์ สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษานครปฐม เขต 1 กลุ่มตัวอย่าง ได้แก่ ผู้บริหาร ข้าราชการครู และบุคลากรทางการศึกษา จำนวน 136 คน กำหนดขนาดกลุ่มตัวอย่างจากการใช้ตารางของเครซซี่และมอร์แกน (Krejcie and Morgan) โดยการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบง่าย (Simple Random Sampling) ได้รั[แบบสอบถามกลับคืนมา 130 คน คิดเป็นร้อยละ 95.59 เครื่องมือวิจัยใช้แบบสอบถามและ การสัมภาษณ์ ค่าความเที่ยงตรงของแบบสอบถาม เท่ากับ 1 ค่าความเชื่อมั่นของแบบสอบถามเท่ากับ 0.982 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และข้อมูลเชิงคุณภาพใช้การวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา
ผลการวิจัยพบว่า การบริหารงานวิชาการของโรงเรียนอยู่ในระดับมากที่สุดทุกด้าน ได้แก่ 1) การนิเทศการศึกษา 2) การพัฒนากระบวนการเรียนรู้ 3) การพัฒนาหลักสูตร 4) การวัดผลและประเมินผล และ 5) การพัฒนาสื่อ นวัตกรรม และเทคโนโลยี แนวทางการพัฒนางานการบริหารงานวิชาการประกอบด้วย 1) ปรับปรุงหลักสูตรให้เหมาะสมกับผู้เรียนและติดตามผลอย่างต่อเนื่อง 2) ใช้การเรียนการสอนที่มีผู้เรียนเป็นศูนย์กลางและสร้างสภาพแวดล้อมที่ส่งเสริมการเรียนรู้ 3) กำหนดนโยบายการวัดผลที่ชัดเจนและพัฒนาครูด้านการประเมินผล 4) จัดระบบนิเทศอย่างต่อเนื่องและสนับสนุนการใช้เทคโนโลยี และ 5) ส่งเสริมการพัฒนาสื่อและนวัตกรรมเพื่อการศึกษาและการใช้ทรัพยากรร่วมกันในโรงเรีย
Plant Functional Trait Composition in the Edge of Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest and Mixed Deciduous Forest at Mae Khum Mee Watershead, Phrae Province
Full text linkThis study aimed to compare plant functional trait composition between the edge of the deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF) and mixed deciduous forest (MDF) in Mae Khum Mee Watershead, Phrae Province. The six 10 m x 100 m transect permanent plots were established in both edge area types. Species composition and plant functional trait were collected for comparing analysis. The results showed that plant functional trait composition had different significant between edge community of the deciduous dipterocarp forest and mixed deciduous forest. The dominant species of DDF displayed the slow growth rate trait such leaf mass per area, leaf succulence, and wood density. However, the dominant species of MDF showed fast growth trait such bark thickness and wood moisture content. The results suggested plant functional trait can be predicted growth rate potential of species composition in the forest edge area. Then, application for selecting suitable species followed species composition trait should be concerned
Relationships between diameter at breath height and total height of trees in Kaeng Krachan forest complex, Thailand
Full text linkThe study aims to find the correlation between the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height. This equation is useful for estimating both tree height in forest inventory and tree diameter in carbon sequestration assessments. Secondary data from 4 sites in permanent sample plots in Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex were utilized to conduct this research. The data were collected by the Phetchaburi National Parks Research Center, using reliable tools to measure tree diameter and height. The results show that there is a logarithmic correlation between diameter and height of trees. The values of the equation constant as well as the relationship level of the equations are specific for each tree species
Plant and Litter Distribution Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest at Maejo University - Phrae Campus
Full text linkPlant and litter distribution are very important for soil properties in the forest. This study aimed to clarify the species composition and quantitative data of tree and sapling, particular, biomass of litters in deciduous dipterocarp forest, DDF, Maejo University Phrae campus. The sample plots, total 32 plots, were set up which distributed the whole forest area. Then, all information was created into the quantitative characteristic map based on GIS. The result shows that 17 families, 23 genus and 26 species of tree. The important family was Dipterocarpaceae. Tree density and basal area in DDF were 68.64 individuals.ha-1 and 19.94 m2.ha-1. The dominance tree species was Shorea obtusa, Dipterocarpus obtusifolius, Dipterocarpus tuberculatns, Shorea siamensis and Buchanania lanzan. While, 13 families 11 genus and 10 species of sapling were found. Sapling density and basal area were 45.49 individual.ha-1 and 12.44 m2.ha-1, respectively. The dominance sapling species was almost the same species as tree which the additional species was Memecylon edule. The biomass of litter was 0.007 ton.ha-1. The highest tree and sapling density distribution area were 3.30 and 7.99 percent of total area, respectively. The highest tree and sapling basal area distribution area were 9.17 and 2.36 percent of total area, respectively. While, the highest biomass of litter distribution area was 5.80 percent of total area. Indicating the biomass of litters had very low due to the low of tree and sapling density in the university forest
Change on Montane Forest Area in Khun Chae National Park, Chiang Rai
Full text linkKhun Chae national park has a valuable natural resources. However, land use change may change the montane forest ecosystem of this area. The purposes of this study aimed to monitoring the changes of montane forest, MF, and clarified the effects of changing on the climate change. The satellite images from LANDSAT-5 TM in 2 periods (1989 and 2009) were used and analyzed based on hybrid classification. In addition, the correlation between MF and climate changes were analyzed. The results showed that MF areas trended to decrease from 1989 to 2009, 116,515 and 108,111 rai, respectively. The average changed rate was 0.23 %.y-1 (about 8,404 rai or 4.73 % of total areas). The degradation forest effected to climate changes which average temperature, maximum and minimum temperature were increased, particular average temperature increased about 0.7 ?C. In addition, the annual rainfall and raining day were decreased, then, drought was increased. Thus, the protection on forest degradation may protect the climate changes both local and global scale
Macrofungi Communities in Phukieo - Namnao Forest Complex
Full text linkMacrofungi were collected from Phukhieo-Nam Nao Forest Complex where Phukhieo Wildlife Sanctuary (PKWS), Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary (PLWS), Nam Nao National Park (NNP), Phu Kradueng National Park (PKNP) and Phu Ruea National Park (PRNP) were selected. Species observation and specimen collection were conducted in the rainy season, 2 times a year, from 2013 to 2016. The results showed that specimens were identified into 54 families, 143 genera and 359 species, and highest species number was found in NNP. A large number of species belong to genera were found in Amanita, Russula and Marasmius respectively. These were further classified into five groups based on their roles, edible mushrooms (99 species), poisonous mushrooms (11 species) mycorrhizal mushrooms (122 species) and decaying mushroom (216 species). The new species with endemic status was found in PKWS, star-shaped fungi (Astraeus sirindhorniae). This study can provide a guideline manual for the study of biodiversity of mushrooms in the Phukhieo-Nam Nao Forest Complex. All collected specimens have been preserved in the mushroom herbarium of the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation in order to take advantage of bio-organic compounds in the future
Plants Community Structure and Diversity of Flora in Forest Monastery, Ubon Ratchathani Province
Full text linkDeforestation is still occurring and continuity, some caused by land use transformation such as changed into agricultural land or urban and built-up land together with population increase. This may also lead to decreasing in plants diversity. However, forest monastery may have the green area in the kind of relict forest. Therefore, this study aims to investigated plant community structure, diversity of flora, and status of plants in forest monastery, Ubon Ratchathani Province. The study is conducted purposive sampling using 14 temporary sample plots (20x50 meters) in 13 monasteries. The remnant forest patches in forest monastery can be divided in two types. It is Dry evergreen and Dry diptercarp communities. Sixty families, 106 genus and 144 species from 7 monasteries can be identified in Dry evergreen communities. Fifty-two families, 86 genus and 116 species are tree and Dipterocarpaceae was dominant in family importance value (FIV) and the stratification can be divided in three layers. Dominant species of sapling can be Moraceae, Fabaceae, Myristicaceae. Dipterocarpaceae, Moraceae, Sapindaceae in dry evergreen forest respectively. While dry dipterocarp community found 33 families, 52 genus and 65 species from 6 monasteries, by which 23 families, 35 genus and 43 species are tree. Moreover, Dipterocarpaceae is dominant family importance value. Two layers of stratifications can be recognized. Sapling and seedling of Dipterocarpaceae are also dominant in dipterocarp deciduous forest. The conservation status is listed in critically endangered namely; Aquilaria crassna and Dipterocarpus turbinatus; endangered species is Dalbergia oliveri and vulnerable species is Dalbergia cochinchinensis
Tree Functional Characteristics and Microenvironment Factors Affecting Litter Production and Litter Accumulation in Dry Evergreen Forest in Sakaerat Environment Research Station, Nakhon Ratchasima Province
Full text linkThe litter dynamics as litter production and litter accumulation are particularly important in the nutrient allocation of forest ecosystems to the soil, where vegetation depends on turned-over nutrients from the plant detritus. Recently, the disturbances such as logging, or land-use change can change microenvironmental which influences on the ecosystem functions. To detect how changing litter dynamics by functional traits and microenvironment during the succession, we investigated the microenvironment variables and functional compositions of tree communities that affect litter production, litter accumulation and decay efficiency in Dry Evergreen Forests (DEF) at Sakaerat Environmental Station. The litter collecting traps and litter accumulation frames were set up in each plot. Monthly litter production showed a similar pattern between old-growth and secondary forests with a prominent peak during January (dry season). The annual litter production and accumulation were affected by month and interaction between month and successional stage. Litter production and decomposition were affected by microenvironment (as soil moisture, air temperature, and canopy openness) while litter accumulation was affected by litter quality as lignin. In addition, in old growth of DEF had higher remain nutrients than the secondary growth. This knowledge can be applied as nutrient supporting management on forest restoration in other disturbed areas
Forest Structure and Species Composition in the Mayah Bay Beach forest in Hat Noppharat Thara Mu Ko Phi Phi National Park, Khabi Province
Full text linkMayah beach forest at Hat Noppharat TharaMu Ko Phi Phi National Park, Krabi Province is very popular for tourists. It has been affected from tourist activities with high impacted on forest community changes, then, prohibited policy for tour was initiated from May, 2018. Thus, this study aimed to clarify forest structure and species composition, and tree regeneration after closing Mayah bay. The permanent transect plot, 10 ? 100 m, was set up in the natural forest (less disturbed) and eight temporary plots,10 ? 10 m, at nature trails. All of trees (diameter at breast height, DBH ? 4.5 cm) were identified, measured, and recorded position (x,y). In addition, saplings (DBH < 4.5 cm), and seedling (height < 1.30 m) were counted and identified. The study was done during July to October, 2018. The results showed the tree species diversity of 21 species, 21 genera, and 16 families was found. The basal area and stem density were 37.55 m2/ha and 1,261 stem/ha, respectively, while medium diversity based on Shannon-Winer index was found (H/=2.27). While, low species diversity (H/=1.75) was found (11 species), indicating low regeneration was detected. The similarity between less disturbed beach forest and often disturbed by tourists at nature trails showed highest similarity was found in tree stage (53.16 %) and followed by seedling and sapling stage (27.65 and 5.94 %, respectively). Indicating high impact from tourist activities on forest regeneration, however, closing Mayah bay had increased seedling regeneration at the nature trails. Then, these seedlings may grow up to the sapling stage in near future
Relationship between Fruiting Phenology and Climatic Factors in Lower Montane Forest at Doi Suthep – Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province
No full textBackground and Objectives: The fruiting phenology of tree species is closely linked to seasonal patterns and climatic factors, both of which play a crucial role in determining the availability of food resources for a wide range of frugivores. These plant-animal interactions are fundamental to maintaining the stability of ecosystem and biodiversity. Amidst on going global climate change, understanding the mechanisms determining fruiting phenology is essential for predicting ecological dynamics and informing effective conservation planning. This is particularly crucial in the lower montane forest, which exhibits unique environmental conditions and is sensitive to climate change impacts, including rising temperatures and erratic rainfall. Nevertheless, understanding of climate change effects on fruiting phenology in Thailand’s montane forests remains insufficient. This research aimed to investigate the timing and magnitude of fruit production in tree species within a permanent lower montane forest plot at Huai Kog Ma, Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province. It also examines the relationship between fruiting phenology and climatic factors, aiming to establish a comprehensive understanding of the environmental drivers shaping fruiting phenology in this lower montane forest ecosystem.
Methodology: A comprehensive review of tree species in the lower montane forest permanent plot was conducted, drawing from databases and literature sources such as the Concise Encyclopedia of Plants in Thailand, the BGO Plant Database, the Useful Tropical Plants Database, and A Field Guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand, including a preliminary permanent plot survey to identify species bearing fleshy fruits consumed by wildlife. A diverse set of 32 species from 21 families was selected to ensure broad taxonomic representation. Fruiting phenology was monitored for at least five mature individuals per species using binoculars from October 2016 to December 2018. The average monthly fruiting percentage for each species was then calculated. The relationships between fruiting phenology and climatic factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression in R software.
Main Results: Based on 32 tree species for fruit production monitoring, 18 species were found to bear fruits during the observation period. These species were categorized into three phenological groups. Group 1 comprised species fruiting in the dry season (November–April), including Eurya acuminata, Litsea cambodiana, and Prunus arborea. Group 2 consisted of species fruiting in the rainy season (May–October), including Baccaurea ramiflora, Protium serratum, Saurauia roxburghii, and Syzygium tetragonum. Group 3 comprised species that fruited continuously throughout the year without a specific season, including Acronychia pedunculata, Apodytes dimidiata, Canthiumera glabra, Choerospondias axillaris, Ficus curtipes, Ficus simplicissima, Ficus elmeri, Garcinia celebica, Madhuca floribunda, Melia azedarach, and Heptapleurum heptaphyllum. The timing and quantity of fruit production for each species were influenced by various factors, including tree size, soil nutrient availability, tree density in the area, and climatic conditions. Upon analyzing the relationship between fruiting phenology and climatic factors, it was observed that 8 out of 18 species exhibited a significant correlation with rainfall and temperature. These species can be classified into two distinct groups. The first group comprises four species whose fruiting patterns were significantly correlated with rainfall. Among these, two species—P. serratum and A. dimidiata—demonstrated a positive correlation with rainfall, while two species—F. simplicissima and M. floribunda—exhibited a negative correlation. The second group includes four species whose fruiting was significantly correlated with temperature. Among these, two species—B. ramiflora and F. curtipes—displayed a positive correlation with temperature, while the other two—A. pedunculata and E. acuminata— exhibited a negative correlation. In analyzing the study results in conjunction with climatic data spanning from 2019 to 2022, it was observed that monthly rainfall exhibited significant variability, particularly in the year 2022, during which precipitation experienced a notable increase during the rainy season. Conversely, temperature fluctuations were relatively minor. This observation suggests that the fruiting phenology of species associated with rainfall may also exhibit substantial variability. These findings suggest that species whose fruiting is sensitive to rainfall, particularly F. simplicissima and M. floribunda, may exhibit reduced fruit production under increased precipitation. As both are key food sources for various frugivores, alterations in their fruiting patterns could result in food scarcity, triggering intensified interspecific competition or dietary shifts among wildlife. Such behavioral changes may reduce seed dispersal opportunities for these species, potentially limiting their reproductive success and risking local extinction. If similar effects are experienced by other species. resulting disruption could compromise forest regeneration processes and destabilize the ecological balance of the lower montane forest system.
Conclusion: On going climate change undeniably influences the alterations in the fruiting phenology of those species closely associated with climatic factors. Consequently, it affects frugivores that function as key seed dispersers and disrupts natural ecosystem regeneration processes. The study offers valuable insights into tree species, highly vulnerable to climate change, highlighting the urgent need for conservation strategies aimed at mitigating extinction risks. Such efforts are essential for sustaining ecological balance and promoting the long-term resilience of forest ecosystems under changing environmental conditions