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Cultural Staking: Transition of the Core Public Space of Rural Settlements
Get PDFChina, with organic corresponding relationships among cultural, social and spatial attributes. In these certain relationships, the most significant cultural spirit and social relationships are usually presented as the core public space. However, accompanied with the transition of the rural traditional social structure and cultural life, the core public space of rural settlements has been gradually forgotten and its physical environment has been abandoned by degrees because of the change of productivity and production relations. This research points out that with the approach called cultural staking, starting from the core public space of rural settlements as an acupoint can be an effective way to the village revitalization planning. Combined with the author’s practice experience in Shatan Village, Yutou Township, Huangyan District, Zhejiang Province, this research shows the effect of a creative spatial restoration and regeneration of the core public space with the cultural staking approach as a key
Beyond the plan: methods of triggering long-term change in urban and regional mobility
Get PDFMobility is a complex and dynamic phenomenon that operates on multiple scales and is highly interwoven with technological, economic, social, cultural trends. Currently, multiple urban and regional projects and initiatives address the issue. For a prolonged sustainable result, ‘communication’ and ‘participation’ accompany the process – but a set of actions disconnected from a larger strategy will fail to bring about change within a complex system. Mobility is produced in the constant interplay of transport offer, user demand and behavior in relation to spatial configuration and urban qualities. Transforming mobility is a long-term process to the extent that impact exceeds plan-action. This paper understands mobility change as multiple transformation processes. It demonstrates how the scope of planning has broadened and proposes communicative planning methods as triggers of long-term change in urban and regional mobility. Four interrelated fields of tension serve as a framework: (1) Start here today. (2) Networked thinking and design. (3) Involving players beyond ideologies. (4) Make a difference in space. This framework is used to discuss the change of mobility in the context of a dialogue format for practitioners and researchers. The transformative capacity of communicating planning methods in several cases from practice and research approaches are discussed.publishedVersio
Urban Farming in a Rapid Urban Transformation: Community Initiatives and Policy Challenges in Bandung and Yogyakarta
Get PDFUnder a rapid-unplanned urban transformation of Indonesian cities, which brings more pressures to already marginalized urban farming/agricultural practices in this country, the future of food security of Indonesian cities is in a big question. As already predicted by Central Bureau of Statistic/BPS, two-third of about 250 million Indonesian people would reside in cities in the next two decades and therefore their welfare including their basic needs particularly food would be depended how the country guarantee food security for the whole nation. The fact that many productive agricultural areas in the urban and rural fringes, which are under pressures of unplanned-organic scattered pattern of urban growth, suggests that there is a crucial need of reforming the existing urban policy and planning system which are not supported and protected to urban farming ideas and practices. The paper discusses this issue and documents the practices of urban farming in two creative cities of Indonesia, Bandung and Yogyakarta, and evaluates how the existing urban policy and planning guidelines support urban farming initiatives. This paper argues that it is crucially important to reform the Indonesian urban policy and planning guidelines and practices to accommodate the new paradigm of cities and urban areas as productive sources for sustaining food security for the whole nation.publishedVersio
Parking Pattern and Influencing Factors of Dockless Public Bicycle: Case Study from Nanshan Shenzhen
Get PDFThe last-mile problem has been the hot focus question in the field of urban planning for a long time. In recent years, booming dockless public bicycle system in China provides new solution of this problem. However, large number of dockless public bicycles have occupied large amount of public space and disturbed people’s daily life. To support dockless bicycle system efficiently, it’s urgent to understand the parking modes of dockless public bicycle and their impacts on public space use. Using big data from the OFO BSS in Shenzhen, demographic data, building environments and the location of points of interest. This study defines the "parking density" and "parking duration" of sharing bicycles to analyze the parking characteristics. We take Nanshan district in Shenzhen city as a representative case, and divides Nanshan area into a 500m*500m grid, counts the number of bicycles parked in each grid. The factors affect dockless public bicycles are grouped into four main categories: transportation, land-use/build environment, population-job and meteorological data. We summarized four parking modes and a logit regress model was applied to explore the relation between parking pattern and open space. Based on the results of the model, we discussed the management of public bicycles in Shenzhen and made some suggestions.publishedVersio
Privatization, Marginalization and Reuse of Waterfront Space in New Town : Taking Zhangjiang Science City Zhongshi Unit as an Example
No full textIn the past ten years, China has ushered in a new era of urban development. The urban renewal project has gradually changed the original urban pattern. In the suburbs, the construction of new cities has replaced the old towns and formed two types-an industry-led new towns and life-oriented new towns. The Zhangjiang area is one of the earliest industrial zones in Shanghai. It is currently in an important period of transition from industrial zones to the urban area. The comprehensive improvement of scientific research capabilities, living environment and urban vitality is its development goal. The long-term industrial development has led to the relatively closed industrial parks in the Zhangjiang area. The high-end communities have been built everywhere but the supporting facilities are insufficient. This has led to the emergence of city-industry separation, and separation of jobs and residential in the Zhangjiang area. These problems are particularly prominent in the Zhongshi units. In the process of building a fast new town, Zhangjiang Old Town, which was originally water-based, gradually declined, and was replaced by a new town with roads as the development axes. Planners used modern and mature design methods to design highend residential communities and spacious car roads, but also brought public space with novitality. Taking the Zhongshi unit of Zhangjiang Science City as an example, this paper first analyzes the existing characteristics of public space, and takes the waterfront space as the research focus. It is found that the waterfront space is characterized by privatization and marginalization. After that, some urban design method was used to redesign the form of waterfront space , function, and relationship with the surrounding area in order to realize the reuse of the public space.publishedVersio
Územní Plánování vs. Generalbebauungsplanung: A Comparison of Planning Concepts and Practices between the former Czechoslovakia and the German Democratic Republic
No full textWhile there is no denying that the Soviet Union had great influence over the patterns of urban growth and development of land in Central and East European countries in the 20th century, yet a qualitative comparison of how each country defined urban planning and spatial planning during their state socialist regime have not been examined in depth. The nuances in meanings would reveal local perspectives on how the planning process operated in each respective country, thus unfolding the unique trajectory path of each city based on its location and importance within the country even after the transition to post-socialism. The aim of this paper is to expose the particularities of planning practices in Czechoslovakia compared to the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and to explain the differences in urban development in strategically located cities of East Berlin and Bratislava. The first part of this paper introduces the definitions and concepts of urban planning in the Czech, Slovak and German context and how they evolve throughout the four decades of various planning and building stages during state socialism. Then it discusses the concept of spatial planning and the instruments used respectively in each country. The third part will then demonstrate how these concepts and instruments were applied in an important aspect of planning infrastructure, the nationwide transportation network, and its influence on growth in East Berlin and Bratislava.publishedVersio
Transformation of Grown City Centers
No full textUrban district centers are key in supporting community life in European cities. The vitality of these centers is essential for the functionality not only of the districts but indeed the entire city. Many established city centers suffer a high adjustment pressure; formerly vital centers experience a loss of importance. In order to explore the hypothesis that the required transformation of those centers can only be positively affected by strategies of different actors, especially local actors, researchers conducted four case studies in German cities. The city centers examined throughout the study offer various challenges and opportunities, specific constellations of actors and different development options. The article analyses the role of transformation research, real-world laboratories and social innovations in the transformation of urban district centers
The Influences and Implications of the European Capital of Culture on Intangible Heritage: Novi Sad 2021
No full textAs one of the most prestigious initiatives through which the European Union aims to promote richness and diversity of its cultures, the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) also holds an enormous potential for promoting urban regeneration and development. The aim of this paper is to examine the influences and implications of this program on the ways intangible heritage has been evaluated, treated and promoted. The focus is on Novi Sad, the capital of the Serbian province of Vojvodina, elected to be one of three ECoCs in 2021. Representing an example of transitional environment, it has experienced a shift from a socialist to a neo-liberal socio-economic framework that triggered a process of quasi-regeneration. However, during the bid for the ECoC title, urban heritage was (re)used as an important competitive advantage and local uniqueness. Both the Bid Book and implementation process have provided an interesting merging of tangible and intangible heritage, in which urban spaces will be used as a setting for promotion of urban brand through selected elements of intangible heritage. Consequently, the place identity was (re)created through images and narratives connected to European, national and local level, integrating place branding strategy, stakeholders (especially community) and urban policy
Negotiated Public: Investigating the Streetscape of Beijing’s Old City
No full textThe emergence of conflictual practices in the street life of Beijing’s old city has challenged the conventional use of the concepts of public and private in the design of public space. This paper proposes a novel way of reading and understanding the street as a public realm under negotiation by exploring the controversial and conflicting spatial practices and ambiguous social expressions of a traditional type of street in Beijing, namely the hutong. It argues that the street is best understood as a dynamic public realm negotiated through common agreement, spatial conflict, and ephemeral intervention. This argument hopes to open discussions towards a more localised and comprehensive understanding of public space in Chinese cities.publishedVersio
Transition requires collaborative work. Discovering and defining actions that support supermixed cities
No full textThis article starts from the hypothesis that design can contribute to a transition towards a more sustainable future for our cities if it supports work and living environments to 'collaborate' in making this future. The literature section discusses how work environments are increasingly disconnected from their surrounding living environments and the importance of bringing these worlds together again in a collaborative city-making process that takes form through – what we call - “supermix coaching”. In order to understand the existing relations between living and working, we explored how 9 Belgian companies developed over time and how important turning points changed their relations with their surrounding living environments. We discuss how companies, policy and people living and working in the city can make use of the insight in these turning points to give form to a supermix coaching process. This involves a more conscious collaborative design of actions on a microscale (architectural space, technology and human actors in the company and its immediate environment); that are then further developed on the mesoscale (the region and the city) and the macroscale (global context).publishedVersio