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Le parent détenu prévenu de faits de violences conjugales : quelle protection pour l'enfant mineur ?
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Visualizing Intracellular Sialylation with Click Chemistry and Expansion Microscopy
No full textInternational audienceSummaryHere, we propose a simple protocol combining metabolic oligosaccharide engineering, click chemistry, and expansion microscopy that allows bioimaging of intracellular sialylated N-glycoproteins with improved resolution using routine microscopy equipment.AbstractMetabolic labeling techniques allow the incorporation of bioorthogonal reporters into glycans, enabling the targeted bioconjugation of molecular dyes within cells through click and bioorthogonal chemistry. Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) has attracted considerable interest due to the essential role of glycosylation in numerous biological processes that involve molecular recognition and its impact on pathologies ranging from cancer to genetic disorders to viral and bacterial infections.Although MOE is better known for the detection of cell surface glycoconjugates, it is also a very important methodology for the study of intracellular glycans in physiological and pathological contexts. Such studies greatly benefit from high spatial resolution. However, super-resolution microscopy is not readily available in most laboratories and poses challenges for daily implementation. Expansion microscopy is a recent alternative that enhances the resolution of microscopy by physically enlarging biological specimens labeled with fluorescent markers. By embedding the sample in a swellable gel and causing it to expand isotropically through chemical treatment, subcellular structures can be visualized with enhanced precision and resolution without the need for super-resolution techniques.In this work, we illustrate the capacity of expansion microscopy to visualize intracellular sialylated glycans through the combined use of MOE and click chemistry. Specifically, we propose a procedure for bioorthogonal labeling and expansion microscopy that employs a reporter targeting sialylation, which may be associated with immunofluorescence for co-localization studies. This protocol enables localization studies of sialoconjugate biosynthesis, intracellular trafficking, and recycling
Matthias Boeckl: Artistes autrichiens en France (XIXe siècle). Traduction d'une notice de dictionnaire en ligne. In: DECAF - Dictionnaire des Echanges Culturels entre l'Autriche et la France / Projet-ANR-22-CE91-0001
No full textMatthias Boeckl. Österreichische bildende Künstler:innen in Frankreich (19. Jh.). Notice de dictionnaire en ligne. In: DECAF - Dictionnaire des Echanges Culturels entre l'Autriche et la France / Projet-ANR-22-CE91-0001À l’époque préindustrielle, l’Italie est la destination incontournable des voyages d’étude de nombreux artistes autrichiens. Toutefois, au cours du XIXe siècle, la France s’impose comme une destination privilégiée pour les séjours d’étude et de travail. La présence, prolongée ou non, des peintres autrichiens et de leurs œuvres en France constitue alors un élément fondamental des échanges culturels entre les deux pays et contribue à l’épanouissement de nombreuses carrières artistiques
« Les ports de Sinope, acteurs des échanges de la cité dans l’Antiquité »
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An Intellectual History of Science in the Renaissance. Cultural and Technological Frameworks. Vol. 2: Vol. 1
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Goal-oriented error estimation based on equilibrated flux reconstruction for the approximation of the harmonic formulations in eddy current problems
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we propose an a posteriori goal-oriented error estimator for the harmonic A/Phi formulation arising in the modeling of eddy current problems, approximated by nonconforming finite element methods. It is based on the resolution of an adjoint problem associated with the initial one. For each of these two problems, a guaranteed equilibrated estimator is developed using some flux reconstructions. These fluxes also allow to obtain a goal-oriented error estimator that is fully computable and can be split in a principal part and a remainder one. Our theoretical results are illustrated by numerical experiments
Explicit noise and dissipation operators for quantum stochastic thermodynamics
No full textInternational audienceThe theory of open quantum systems plays a fundamental role in several scientificand technological disciplines, from quantum computing and information science to molecularelectronics and quantum thermodynamics. Despite its widespread relevance, a rigorousformulation of quantum dissipation in conjunction with thermal noise remains a topic ofactive research. In this work, we establish a formal correspondence between classicalstochastic thermodynamics, in particular the Fokker-Planck and Klein-Kramers equations,and the quantum master equation. Building on prior studies of multiplicative noise inclassical stochastic differential equations, we demonstrate that thermal noise at the quantumlevel manifests as a multidimensional geometric stochastic process. By applying canonicalquantization, we introduce a novel Hermitian dissipation operator that serves as a quantumanalogue of classical viscous friction. This operator allows for a well-defined expressionof heat exchange between a system and its environment, enabling the formulation of analternative quantum equipartition theorem. Our framework ensures a precise energy balancethat aligns with the first law of thermodynamics and an entropy balance consistent with thesecond law. The theoretical formalism is applied to two prototypical quantum systems, theharmonic oscillator and a particle in an infinite potential well, for which it provides newinsights into nonequilibrium thermodynamics at the quantum scale. Our results advance theunderstanding of dissipation in quantum systems and establish a foundation for future studieson stochastic thermodynamics in the quantum domain
Configurational forces in the field of defective processes: a unifying approah
No full textInternational audienceIn this contribution, we develop a theoretical framework for the study ofdefect propagation in solid media, proposing a unified approach to theevolution of both topological and material defects. In the context of the ContinuumMechanics, the term defect refers to the change in either the material’stopology—such as crack growth, rotational discontinuities, or changes in thevolume of inclusions and voids [1]—or its internal structure, manifesting asspatial variations in material properties, i.e., inhomogeneities [2, 3]. The kinematicsof a defect motion is characterized by specifying its mode of propagation.Drawing on the principles of Eshelbian (Configurational) Mechanics[2, 3], we derive the associated energy release rate, interpreted as the drivingforce governing defect evolution. This force is then decomposed intoits constituent contributions, which we classify as mechanical, topological, orresulting from material inhomogeneities. To illustrate the applicability of ourapproach, we revisit several classical case studies from the literature on defectmechanics, recasting them within our proposed framework [4]. Finally, wecompare the resulting predictions with those obtained via variational methodsrooted in conservation laws [1, 5], while a one-dimensional example isdeveloped to unfold the theoretical procedure employed in our work.References[1] Knowles J. K., Sternberg, E.: On a class of conservation laws in linearizedand487finite elastostatics. Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 44(3):187–211 (1972)[2] Maugin G. A. Configurational Forces. Thermomechanics, Physics, Mathematics,and Numerics CRC Press. (2016)[3] Gurtin M. E.: Configurational forces as basic concepts of continuumphysics. Vol. 137.493. Springer Science & Business Media (1999).[4] Di Stefano S., Binetti C., Puglisi G., Giordano S.: Driving forces for interfaceand bulk defects in elastic bodies: a unified configurational approach.In preparation.[5] Podio-Guidugli P.: Configurational balances via variational arguments.Interface Free Bound 3, 323–332. (2001