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The graphic process as a narrative act
No full textThe innovation practice presented here aims to investigate the creative synergies
extracted from the various intersections generated between architecture and
literature through its incardination in the teaching field. It is based on the concept of
"defamiliarization", in which the introduction of another discipline (literature)
interferes in an architectural or design program, trying to trigger creative processes.
Through a graphic approach, a relationship is established between the stories of
Invisible cities (Calvino, 1972) and their architectural decline, interpreted under the
leitmotif of “the landscapes of abandonment”. The development of the exercises,
raised with a high degree of indeterminacy, seeks not only to provide the student
with design tools but also to consolidate critical judgment and adjust, through the
analytical-educational process, the convergences of thought and the graphic
method.La práctica de innovación aquí presentada tiene por objeto indagar en las sinergias
creativas extraídas de las diversas intersecciones generadas entre arquitectura y la
literatura a través de su incardinación en el ámbito docente. Se basa en el concepto
de “desfamiliarización”, en el que la introducción de otra disciplina (la literatura)
interfiere en un programa arquitectónico o de diseño, pretendiendo desencadenar
procesos creativos. A través de una aproximación gráfica, se establece una relación
entre los relatos de Las ciudades invisibles (Calvino, 1972) y su declinación
arquitectónica, interpretados bajo el leitmotiv de “los paisajes del abandono”. El
desarrollo de los ejercicios, planteados con un alto grado de indeterminación,
procura no solo dotar al alumno de herramientas de diseño sino de consolidar el
juicio crítico y ajustar, mediante el proceso analítico-educativo, las convergencias
del pensamiento y el método gráfico
Isometric and isokinetic strength of lower-limb muscles in female athletes during different phases of menstrual cycle: a causal-comparative study
No full textBackground
Muscle strength is affected by different stages of the menstrual cycle in women. Since the strength of the lower limb muscles plays a significant role in the occurrence of anterior cruciate ligament injury, it seems
necessary to study the strength of the lower limb muscles at different stages of this cycle to take preventive measures.
Therefore, this study aimed to compare the isometric and isokinetic strength of lower limb muscles in female athletes at different menstrual cycle stages.
Methods
The present study is of a causal-comparative type. Thirty-seven female athletes in anterior cruciate ligament injury high-risk disciplines participated in this study. Isometric and isokinetic knee extensors and flexors
muscle strength status, including the traditional hamstrings/quadriceps (H/Q) ratios, were recorded at different stages of the menstrual cycle (follicular, ovulatory, luteal) by Biodex isokinetic dynamometry system 4. Then, the obtained results were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance.
Results
Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed isokinetic and isometric strength in the knee flexor and extensor muscles at an angular velocity of 60˚/s in the ovulatory phase are higher than the follicular and luteal ones. The strength of the muscles declined during the follicular and luteal phases (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions
Due to the negative effect of the follicular and luteal stages of the menstrual cycle on the strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the knee, the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury may increase during this period. Therefore, it is recommended that all female coaches and athletes take preventive measures during this period
Conditional performance factors in padel players: a mini review
Get PDFIntroducción: El crecimiento mundial del pádel pone de manifiesto su complejidad técnica. Las primeras publicaciones se centran en los aspectos físicos del pádel, utilizando métodos que evalúan la resistencia, fuerza, velocidad y amplitud de movimiento de los jugadores, mientras que la cuantificación de la carga, utilizando indicadores internos y externos, es crucial para la optimización del rendimiento, teniendo en cuenta los perfiles y niveles de los deportistas. Por lo tanto, el objetivo consistió en analizar la literatura científica sobre las demandas condicionales en competición en jugadores de pádel de diferentes niveles.
Métodos: Se recopilaron datos de diversas bases de datos y tras el proceso de selección, se analizó la información en mini revisión.
Resultados: La mini revisión muestra que las demandas condicionales se categorizan en carga interna y externa para tratar de obtener valores de referencia que puedan definir las demandas del pádel en función del nivel competitivo y el sexo. Respecto a la carga interna, el % de frecuencia cardiaca (FC) de los jugadores de pádel de diferentes niveles se sitúa en torno al 70%-80% de la FC Máx. En cuanto a la carga externa, en categoría femenina se realiza un mayor número de golpes por punto lo que conlleva una mayor duración en los puntos.
Conclusiones: La investigación en pádel suele analizar las demandas físicas mediante carga interna y externa. Los valores de HR% (70%-80% HR Max) son consistentes en todos los estudios. Existe variación entre variables como los golpes por punto, y los factores contextuales afectan a las métricas.
Es vital seguir explorando para obtener puntos de referencia exhaustivos y comprender las exigencias de este deporte.Introduction: Padel's global growth highlights its technical complexity. The first publications focus on the physical aspects of padel, using methods that evaluate players’ endurance, strength, speed, and range of motion, while the quantification of load, using internal and external indicators, is crucial for performance optimization, whilst taking into account athletes’ profiles and levels. Therefore, the objective entailed analyzing the scientific literature about the conditional demands in competition within padel players from different levels.
Methods: Data was collected from various databases and after the selection process, the information was analyzed in mini review.
Results: The mini review shows that the conditional demands are categorized into internal and external load to try to obtain reference values that may define the demands of padel based on the competitive level and sex. Regarding the internal load, the heart rate (HR)% of the padel players from different levels is around 70%–80% of the HR Max. Regarding the external load, in femalés categories, a greater number of strokes are made per point which entails a longer duration in the points.
Conclusions: Padel research usually analyses physical demands using internal and external loading. HR% values (70%–80% HR Max) are consistent across studies. There is variation between variables such as strokes per point, and contextual factors affect the metrics. Further exploration is vital to obtain comprehensive benchmarks and understand the demands of this sport
Revisión crítica de literatura: el papel de la evaluación en el aprendizaje
Get PDFThis document contains a literature review that addresses the utility of assessment in the context of secondary education and high school. It results in an exposition of criticisms and defenses of both traditional assessment and formative assessment. It also delves into various aspects of formative assessment in greater depth, as well as the position of the LOMCE and relevant regulations. The conclusion is that, although the shift to competency-based learning requires assessment models that promote learning through feedback and continuous evaluation, many educators still resist implementing them. A restructuring of the educational system is necessary, starting with the training and
support of teaching professionals to help them understand how and when to implement authentic assessment tools.El trabajo es una revisión crítica de literatura que responde acerca de la utilidad de la evaluación en contextos de ESO y Bachillerato. Resulta en una exposición de críticas y defensas de la evaluación tradicional y de la evaluación formativa. También se exploran diferentes aspectos de la evaluación formativa con mayor profundidad, y de la posición
de la LOMCE y de la normativa al respecto. Se concluye que aunque con la entrada del aprendizaje por competencias se hacen necesarios modelos de evaluación que fomenten el aprendizaje mediante retroalimentaciones y evaluación continua, todavía muchos docentes se resisten a ponerlos en práctica: se hace necesaria una reestructuración del
sistema educativo que parta de formación y ayuda a los profesionales de la docencia para que conozcan cómo y cuándo implementar instrumentos de evaluación auténtica
The consolidation of game software engineering: A systematic literature review of software engineering for industry-scale computer games
Get PDFContext:
Game Software Engineering (GSE) is a branch of Software Engineering (SE) that focuses on the development of video game applications. In past years, GSE has achieved enough volume, differences from traditional software engineering, and interest by the community to be considered an independent scientific domain, veering out from traditional SE.
Objective:
This study evaluates the current state of the art in software engineering for industry-scale computer games identifying gaps and consolidating the magnitude and growth of this field.
Method:
A Systematic Literature Review is performed following best practices to ensure the relevance of the studies included in the review. We analyzed 98 GSE studies to extract the current intensity, topics, methods, and quality of GSE.
Results:
The GSE research community has been growing over the years, producing over four times more research than before the previous GSE survey. However, this community is still very dispersed, with no main venues holding most of the GSE scientific studies. A broader range of topics is covered in this area, evolving towards those of a mature field such as architecture and design. Also, the reviewed studies employ more elaborated empirical research methods, even though the study reports need to be more rigorous in sections related to the critical examination of the work.
Conclusion:
The results of the SLR lead to the identification of 13 potential future research directions for this domain. GSE is an independent, mature, and growing field that presents new ways of software creation where the gap between industry and academia is narrowing. Video games present themselves as powerful tools to push the boundaries of software knowledge
Proyecto de Innovación Educativa por medio del Aprendizaje-Servicio: “Cuida tu vehículo. Cuida de todos.”
Get PDFIn response to the growing need in education to develop cross-cutting competences useful for life and complementary to the training in technical and specific skills of each area or field, an educational innovation project is proposed that uses the Service-Learning (SL) methodology as a vehicle to promote the acquisition of the following cross-cutting competences: teamwork, organization and planning, oral and written communication, decision-making, autonomy, and adaptability. The project's application context is the Middle Grade Vocational Training degree in "Automobile Electromechanics," and the focus is the relationship between good practices in vehicle maintenance and Road Safety. The learning in the project will reside in the development of vehicle inspection plans that encompass all specific subjects and are applied to the vehicles of participants and attendees during open-door sessions at the centre. The service will result from planning these awareness-raising sessions in coordination with a traffic accident victims association, which will be the recipient of donations and contributions derived from the project's execution during the open-door sessions. This document provides a review of the literature on cross-cutting competences in Vocational Training and the applicability of active methodologies such as SL for the acquisition of these competences. Additionally, it includes the planning and execution structure of an SL project and its future projection in terms of improving its scope and depth.Ante la creciente necesidad en educación de desarrollar competencias transversales útiles para la vida y complementarias a la formación en habilidades técnicas y específicas de cada área o ámbito, se plantea un proyecto de innovación educativa que utiliza la metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) como vehículo para impulsar la adquisición de las siguientes competencias transversales: trabajo en equipo, organización y planificación, comunicación oral y escrita, toma de decisiones, autonomía y adaptabilidad. El contexto de aplicación del proyecto es la titulación de Formación Profesional de Grado Medio “Electromecánica de Vehículos Automóviles” y el eje principal es la relación entre buenas prácticas en el mantenimiento de vehículos y Seguridad Vial. El aprendizaje del proyecto residirá en la elaboración de unos planes de comprobación de vehículos que engloben todas las materias específicas, aplicados sobre los vehículos de participantes y asistentes, dentro de unas jornadas de puertas abiertas en el centro. El servicio resultará de la planificación de estas jornadas de sensibilización de forma coordinada con una asociación de víctimas de accidente de tráfico, que será receptora de las donaciones y aportaciones derivadas de la ejecución del proyecto durante las jornadas de puertas abiertas. Este documento recoge un repaso por la literatura en materia de competencias transversales en la Formación Profesional y la aplicabilidad de metodologías activas como el ApS para la adquisición de estas competencias. Además, incluye la estructura de planificación y ejecución de un proyecto ApS y la proyección futura del mismo en cuanto a la mejora de su alcance y profundidad
Are Schools Learning Organizations? An Empirical Study in Spain, Bulgaria, Italy, and Turkey
Get PDFThe aim of this empirical research, which is the first phase of an Erasmus project, is to analyze how educational institutions are configured, as learning organizations, through a systems perspective. The methodology employed was qualitative, utilizing prominent examples of schools in Spain, Bulgaria, Italy, and Turkey. Semi-structured personal interviews were conducted with experts in the field of education, members of school management teams, and teachers, resulting in a total of 63 participants. The findings reveal that, in all four countries, there are barriers preventing educational institutions from becoming learning organizations, including the rigidity of the educational curriculum and an individualistic teaching culture. Transformational opportunities lie in the creation of networks and the ability to share knowledge among educational institutions. In essence, it is necessary to continue working towards the implementation of a systems perspective in educational institutions, which, for its development, must be complemented by transformational leadership and an engaged educational community that is focused on enhancing student learning
Essential oils of Pinus sylvestris, Citrus limon and Origanum vulgare exhibit high bactericidal and anti-biofilm activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Streptococcus suis
Get PDFAntimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem that urges novel alternatives to treat infections. In attempts to find novel molecules, we assess the antimicrobial potential of seven essential oils (EO) of different plants (Pinus sylvestris, Citrus limon, Origanum vulgare, Cymbopogon martini, Cinnamomum cassia, Melaleuca alternifolia and Eucalyptus globulus) against two multidrug-resistant bacteria species, i.e. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Streptococcus suis. EOs of P. sylvestris and C. limon revealed higher bactericidal activity (MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/mL) and capacity to rapidly disperse biofilms of several N. gonorrhoeae clinical isolates than other EOs. Examination of biofilms exposed to both EO by electron microscopy revealed a reduction of bacterial aggregates, high production of extracellular vesicles, and alteration of cell integrity. This activity was dose-dependent and was enhanced in DNase I-treated biofilms. Antibiotic susceptibility studies confirmed that both EOs affected the outer membrane permeability, and analysis of EO- susceptibility of an LPS-deficient mutant suggested that both EO target the LPS bilayer. Further analysis revealed that α- and β-pinene and D-limonene, components of both EO, contribute to such activity. EO of C. martini, C. cassia, and O. vulgare exhibited promising antimicrobial activity (MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/mL) against S. suis, but only EO of O. vulgare exhibited a high biofilm dispersal activity, which was also confirmed by electron microscopy studies. To conclude, the EO of P. sylvestris, C. limon and O. vulgare studied in this work exhibit bactericidal and anti-biofilm activities against gonococcus and streptococcus, respectively
Estudio e implementación de sistemas de bases de datos dentro de videojuegos
Get PDFCon el surgimiento de los primeros videojuegos durante la década de 1950 y el avance en paralelo de las nuevas tecnologías las bases de datos empezaron a integrarse en los videojuegos. Siendo los objetivos principales de estas poder jugar desde cualquier ordenador manteniendo el progreso y guardar información sobre todos los jugadores de un videojuego para usarlos en marcadores, gestión de cuentas, comunicación entre jugadores y otras tantas partes del producto.
La principal motivación para llevar a cabo este proyecto fue que una vez en los videojuegos existió la necesidad de guardar los datos de lo jugadores era necesario saber que base de datos era más eficiente en cada videojuego. Me pareció interesante llevar a cabo este análisis ya que es algo novedoso y original porque no existe a penas documentación sobre estudios similares.
El principal objetivo es analizar tecnologías de bases de datos dentro de casos de uso definidos en un videojuego creado durante la primera parte del desarrollo del proyecto. Una vez implementadas las bases de datos dentro del videojuego se realizará un estudio de cual es más eficiente en base a diferentes métricas. Siendo el objetivo final de este análisis de los resultados concluir cual es las bases de datos más eficiente para cada caso de uso.
Se ha utilizado la metodología SCRUM adaptada a las necesidades del proyecto para llevar a cabo todo el desarrollo. El resultado final es un videojuego dentro del cual se han implementado las bases de datos, así como un análisis de la eficacia de estas para 3 casos de uso bien diferenciados.
Se concluye que este proyecto es un estudio original y novedoso en el campo de los videojuegos al no existir otros similares. El siguiente paso para ampliar el proyecto sería desarrollar una API propia para la comunicación con las bases de datos, añadir contenido extra al videojuego, así como hacerlo multijugador, migrar las bases de datos a un entorno remoto y estudiar más casos de uso.With the emergence of the first video games in the 1950s and the parallel advancement of new technologies, databases began to be integrated into video games. The main objectives of these databases were to enable gameplay from any computer while maintaining progress and to store information about all players in a video game for use in leaderboards, account management, player communication, and various other aspects of the product.
The primary motivation for undertaking this project was that, as video games evolved, there was a need to save player data, and it was essential to determine which database was more efficient for each video game. I found it interesting to conduct this analysis because it is a novel and original approach, given the scarcity of documentation on similar studies.
The main goal is to analyze database technologies within defined use cases in a video game created during the initial stages of the project. Once the databases are implemented in the video game, a study will be conducted to determine which is more efficient based on various metrics. The ultimate objective of this results-oriented analysis is to conclude which databases are most efficient for each specific use case.
The SCRUM methodology, tailored to the project's needs, was employed for the entire development process. The outcome is a video game in which databases have been implemented, accompanied by an analysis of their effectiveness for three distinct use cases.
It is concluded that this project represents an original and innovative study in the field of video games, as there are few similar studies available. The next step to expand the project would involve developing a custom API for communication with databases, adding extra content to the video game, making it multiplayer, migrating databases to a remote environment, and exploring additional use cases
Mecanismos de dolor en dismenorrea primaria. Contribución del ciclo menstrual y la historia del dolor
Get PDFIntroduction: Chronic pain affects women disproportionately in terms of prevalence and disability. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), characterized by recurrent severe menstrual pain in otherwise healthy women, has been recently classified as chronic pain syndrome. Findings of facilitated central pain mechanisms are common in many chronic primary pain syndromes, conducting to an altered sensory function where pain is felt even in the absence of peripheral damage. Given the high prevalence and comorbidity of PD, its role in the major impact of chronic pain in women is suggested. Nevertheless, PD remains understudied. The underlying nociceptive mechanisms, its progression over time, the influence of the menstrual cycle phases and the emotional component are poorly understood. While the distribution of muscle-induced pain has been used to assess nociceptive processing in other pain conditions, it is unexplored in PD.
Methods: Thirty women with severe PD and 30 healthy control women were divided into 3 subgroups (n=10) according to the length of their menstrual history (15 years since menarche). Bodily pressure pain sensitivity at the abdomen, hips, and arms, pressure-induced pain distribution over the gluteus medius muscle, temporal summation of pain, and pain intensity after stimulus cessation were assessed at 3 menstrual cycle phases, as well as the emotional state.
Results: Compared to controls, women with PD showed widespread hyperalgesia in every menstrual cycle phase (P15 years) demonstrated enhanced pressure-induced pain distribution, reduced modulation of the menstrual pain, enlarged menstrual pain areas, and increased number of days with severe menstrual pain, compared to women suffering PD up to 5 years (P<0.05). Pressure-induced and menstrual pain distributions were strongly associated (P<0.001).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that severe PD is a progressive condition with central pain mechanisms underlying deep-tissue hyperalgesia, contributing to pain recurrence and exacerbation.Introducción: El dolor crónico es más prevalente y discapacitante en el sexo femenino. La dismenorrea primaria (DP), que se caracteriza por la presentación de dolor menstrual severo y recurrente en mujeres aparentemente sanas, se ha clasificado recientemente como un síndrome de dolor crónico primario. La facilitación central de los mecanismos de dolor es un hallazgo común a muchos síndromes de dolor crónico primario, conduciendo a una disfunción sensorial cuyo resultado es la percepción de dolor incluso en ausencia de causa periférica. La elevada prevalencia y comorbilidad de la DP sugieren que podría estar relacionada con el impacto desproporcionado del dolor crónico en el sexo femenino. Sin embargo, no ha sido apenas investigada. Se desconocen los mecanismos de dolor que la subyacen, su progresión en el tiempo, la influencia de las fases del ciclo menstrual y la implicación de la esfera emocional. El estudio de la distribución del dolor inducido por presión a nivel muscular, que ha mostrado ser útil para evaluar los mecanismos de dolor en otros síndromes de dolor crónico, no se ha explorado en mujeres con DP.
Material y métodos: 30 mujeres con DP severa y 30 controles sanas fueron divididas en 3 subgrupos (n=10) de acuerdo con la duración de su historia menstrual (15 años desde la menarquía). Se evaluaron los umbrales de dolor a la presión en abdomen, caderas y brazos, la distribución del dolor inducido por presión en el músculo glúteo medio, la sumación temporal y el dolor residual, en 3 fases diferenciadas del ciclo menstrual, junto a los niveles de ansiedad, depresión y estrés.
Resultados: En comparación con las controles, las mujeres con DP mostraron hiperalgesia generalizada en todas las fases del ciclo menstrual (P15 años), se halló una distribución más expandida del dolor inducido por presión, una modulación más deficiente del dolor menstrual, así como mayores áreas de dolor menstrual en comparación con las mujeres con la historia de DP más corta (<5 años) (P<0,01). Se observó una fuerte correlación entre la distribución del dolor menstrual y la del dolor inducido por presión (P<0,001).
Conclusión: Estos hallazgos sugieren que la DP severa es una condición progresiva, con mecanismos centrales de facilitación del dolor contribuyendo a la recurrencia y exacerbación del dolor