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Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Obesity Properties of Apple Pulp Extracts (Malus domestica Bork): A Comparative Study of 15 Local and Commercial Cultivars from Spain
Get PDFApples are one of the most important fruits worldwide. In addition to their
interesting nutritional value, they are a source of bioactive compounds with health-promoting effects.
The composition may differ in different genotypes so it is important to investigate whether local
varieties may differ in terms of total phenolic content, antioxidant, and bioactive properties. In
this study Spanish local varieties showed better behavior in terms of phenolic content, antioxidant
activity and bioactivity than other commercial samples, acting as functional foods with antiradical,
antidiabetic and anti-obesity potential
Efectividad del entrenamiento de bajas cargas con restricción de flujo sanguíneo en pacientes con dolor de rodilla: una revisión bibliográfica
Get PDFIntroduction: Knee pain is one of the leading musculoskeletal pains affecting 25% of the adult population, and its prevalence has been increasing in recent years, with knee osteoarthritis being one of the main reasons. Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFR-T) with low loads is a novel technique that has shown improvements in muscle mass and strength similar to high-intensity training, making it potentially beneficial for patients unable to engage in such training.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of low-load exercise with blood flow restriction in patients with knee pain in terms of pain reduction, primarily, as well as improvements in functionality and quality of life.
Methodology: A search for randomized clinical trials was conducted in the PubMed, WOS, and PEDro databases. Articles published within the last 10 years were selected, in which the intervention group received low-load training with BFR, targeting patients aged 18 years and older with musculoskeletal knee pain. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale.
Results: Out of a total of 51 studies, 6 articles were chosen after screening. All of them analyzed pain at different time points, while only 4 assessed the secondary variable of functionality, and only 2 examined quality of life. All studies reported improvements in the variables, but only one study found significant differences in pain and quality of life.
Conclusion: Low-load training with blood flow restriction provides benefits for patients with knee pain. It reduces pain, improves knee functionality, and contributes to better short- and medium-term quality of life. Since it produces comparable results to high-load training, it is a suitable option for patients who cannot tolerate high exercise loads.El dolor de rodilla es uno de los principales dolores musculoesqueléticos en la actualidad afectando a un 25% de la población adulta que ha ido aumentando en los últimos años, siendo la artrosis de rodilla uno de los principales motivos. El método Entrenamiento con Restricción de Flujo Sanguíneo (Blood Flow Restriction Training, BFR-T) con bajas cargas se trata de una técnica novedosa en la que se ha observado que se obtienen mejoras en la masa muscular y fuerza similares al entrenamiento de alta intensidad por lo que puede ser interesante para pacientes que no pueden realizar este tipo de entrenamiento.
Objetivos: Evaluar la efectividad del ejercicio de bajas cargas con restricción de flujo sanguíneo en pacientes con dolor de rodilla en términos de disminución del dolor, principalmente, así como mejoras en la funcionalidad y calidad de vida.
Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados en las bases de datos de Pubmed, WOS y PEDro. Se escogen artículos con menos de 10 años de antigüedad cuyo grupo intervención recibiera entrenamiento de bajas cargas con BFR, en pacientes mayores de 18 años con dolor musculoesquelético en rodilla. El riesgo de sesgo fue evaluado con la escala de PEDro.
Resultados: De un total de 51 estudios, se eligieron 6 artículos tras el cribado. En todos ellos se analiza el dolor en diferentes momentos, mientras que solo 4 analizaron la variable secundaria de funcionalidad y solo 2 la calidad de vida. Todos los estudios obtuvieron mejoras en las variables, pero solo un estudio encontró diferencias significativas en el dolor y la calidad de vida.
Conclusión: El entrenamiento de bajas cargas con restricción de flujo sanguíneo ofrece beneficios para los pacientes con dolor de rodilla. Reduce el dolor, mejora la funcionalidad de la rodilla y contribuye a una mejor calidad de vida a corto y mediano plazo. Dado que produce resultados comparables al entrenamiento de altas cargas, es una opción adecuada para aquellos pacientes que no pueden tolerar altas cargas de ejercicio.
Palabras clave: dolor de rodilla; dolor musculoesquelético; restricción de flujo sanguíneo; entrenamiento con bajas cargas
Evaluación de los beneficios de las líneas de productos software en la ingeniería de software de videojuegos
Get PDFCode reuse is a key strategy in software development. Two techniques based on this idea are Clone and Own (CaO) and software product lines (SPL). These techniques seek to optimize efficiency and quality when developing software. SPLs have proven to be effective in reducing costs and time, as well as improving the quality of software products developed with this technique. Recently, there has been a growing interest in applying SPLs to video game development. This paper evaluates whether the adoption of an SPL in video game software engineering (GSE) can generate the same benefits as in classic software engineering (CSE). This paper compares these two techniques, CaO and SPL, using the video game Kromaia. Correctness, Efficiency and Satisfaction will be measured when participants develop elements of a commercial video game. The results indicate that items developed using an SPL are more correct than those developed with CaO, but no significant improvement in Efficiency or Satisfaction is seen. The findings suggest that SPLs in GSE may play a different role than they have played for decades in CSE.La reutilización de código es una estrategia clave en el desarrollo de software. Dos técnicas que se basan en esta idea son Clone and Own (CaO) y las líneas de productos software (SPL). Estas técnicas buscan optimizar la eficiencia y la calidad al desarrollar software. Las SPLs han demostrado ser eficaces para reducir costes y tiempos, además de mejorar la calidad de los productos software desarrollados con esta técnica. Recientemente, ha crecido el interés en aplicar SPLs al desarrollo de videojuegos. Este trabajo evalúa si la adopción de una SPL en la ingeniería de software de videojuegos (GSE) puede generar los mismos beneficios que en la ingeniería de software clásico (CSE). En este trabajo se comparan estas dos técnicas, CaO y SPL utilizando el videojuego Kromaia. Se medirá la Corrección, Eficiencia y Satisfacción cuando los participantes desarrollan elementos de un videojuego comercial. Los resultados indican que los elementos desarrollados usando una SPL son más correctos que los desarrollados con CaO, pero no se ve
una mejora significativa en Eficiencia o Satisfacción. Las conclusiones sugieren que las SPLs en GSE pueden desempeñar un papel diferente al que han desempeñado durante décadas en CS
“Clash Royale: Nos vemos en la arena”: Un proyecto de Gamificación para alumnos de Secundaria, en las materias de Educación Física y Tecnología para la lucha contra el Sedentarismo
Get PDFThe aim of this innovation project is to move students away from a sedentary lifestyle beyond the educational centre. It is a Gamification proposal with the students as the only protagonists. The theme will be based on the video game "Clash Royale" and students will have to overcome a series of weekly challenges to qualify for improvements throughout the activities. With a duration of six weeks, and with Physical Education as the main subject, and Technology and Digitalisation as a transversal subject, students in the 3rd year of secondary school will have to overcome in teams of six players a weekly challenge of minimum steps to be taken, in order to build the battle towers and compete in the competition field respectively, in the Friday sessions, the first three weeks within the subject of Technology and Digitalisation, and the following three weeks in Physical Education. In order to carry out the project, bibliography has been reviewed in line with educational innovation projects, gamification and the fight against sedentary lifestyles. The project has a playful aspect, aims to motivate pupils to take part in physical activity and, in addition, requires group cohesion and teamwork to achieve it.Este proyecto de innovación tiene cómo objetivo alejar a los alumnos de un estilo de vida sedentario mas allá del centro educativo. Se trata de una propuesta de Gamificación con los alumnos como únicos protagonistas. La temática estará basada en el videojuego de “Clash Royale” y los alumnos deberán superar una serie de retos semanales para optar a mejoras a lo largo de las actividades. Con una duración de seis semanas, y con la materia de Educación Física cómo principal, y la de Tecnología y Digitalización como transversal, alumnos de 3er curso de secundaria deberán superar en equipos de seis jugadores un reto semanal de pasos mínimos a realizar, para, en las sesiones de los viernes, las tres primeras semanas dentro de la materia de Tecnología y Digitalización, y las tres siguiente en la de Educación Física, construir las torres de batalla y competir en el campo de competición respectivamente. Para su realización se ha revisado bibliografía asociada con proyectos de innovación educativa, gamificación y para la lucha contra el sedentarismo. El proyecto tiene un aspecto lúdico, pretende motivar al alumnado con la realización de actividad física y, además, requiere de la cohesión grupal y del trabajo en equipo para su consecución
Lipid lowering and anti-ageing effects of edible flowers of Viola x wittrockiana Gams in a Caenorhabditis elegans obese model (Metadatos)
Get PDFLife expectancy has increased considerably in the last decades, clearing the way for preventive medicine. The ingestion of healthy foods or ingredients to improve health is gaining attention and edible flowers entail a promising source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to study the anti-ageing and anti-obesity properties of an extract obtained from an edible flower Viola x wittrockiana though in vitro and in vivo methodologies with Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. The capacity to inhibit the enzymes α-glucosidase and lipase as well as to prevent advance glycation end-product (AGE) formation was tested in vitro. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an obesity in vivo model to assess the effects of the extract on fat accumulation, development, progeny and health span. Viola flowers showed lower IC50 values in the α-glucosidase assay than the reference drug acarbose and exerted a higher inhibition of AGE formation than the reference substance aminoguanidine; the extract also showed pancreatic lipase inhibiting properties. Moreover, the extract lowered fat storage of C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner, up to 90.37% at the highest tested dose, and improved health span biomarkers such as lipofuscin accumulation and progeny availability. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the anti-obesogenic and anti-ageing activity of Viola x wittrockiana flowers and their potential use as functional foods and nutraceuticals
Identification of the needs of children with neurodisability and their families at different stages of development: A qualitative study protocol
Get PDFBackground
Within the field of childhood neurodisability, the tendency in the study of needs has been to categorize them based on ability (motor, verbal, cognitive). However, current perspectives such as F-words, family-centered practices, or the principles of family empowerment, lead the researcher to ask: What are these needs according to the stage of development?
Methods and analysis
A descriptive qualitative study will be carried out. Several methods will be followed to ensure the reliability and validity of the results, and the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research and the Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklists will also be used to guide the project. Data collection is sought from three main sources: Focus groups (detection of needs), a survey to collect sociodemographic and clinical data necessary to obtain an overview of the context of the participants, and a survey to find out the level of satisfaction with this initiative.
Discussion
The results expected to be obtained after this study will respond to the main needs of families with childhood neurodisability, based on age groups and covering the whole territory of the Spanish population. Thanks to these detected needs, it will be possible to design future lines of work to improve the design of family-centered practices and increase the empowerment of families. The intention is to detect needs by stage of development, which can be categorized within the F-words framework, showing families and professionals a clear picture of the needs of this population.This work was supported by "Ayudas a Proyectos Internos de Investigación Universidad San Jorge curso 2022-2023" grant number PI 22- 23-029. The funders did not and will not have a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
Factors related with nursing students’ health literacy: a cross sectional study
Get PDFBackground: Nursing professionals have a crucial role in promoting health literacy in health services, so it is necessary to ensure health literacy skills in future health professionals.
Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the health literacy of nursing students and its associated factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 460 nursing students. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, perception and health care, use of the health system and lifestyles. In addition, health literacy was assessed using the European Health Literacy Questionnaire.
Results: 6.1% of the participants had an inadequate level of health literacy and 36.5% problematic. The probability of having sufficient health literacy is directly associated with age; and inversely with smoking, prolonged screen time and living alone (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: A large percentage of nursing students need to improve their health literacy skills. It is necessary to integrate a greater number of contents in health literacy in the curriculum of nursing student
Inmunojuego: gamificación diseñada por alumnos para alumnos
Get PDFGamification strategies improve meaningful learning by increasing student motivation. In the subject of Immunology, of the Pharmacy Degree, new content of great complexity is addressed, therefore, the inclusion of games could improve academic results. In the present work, a cooperative activity was designed in which students had to plan, design and execute a game that allowed undergraduate students to review immunology. To evaluate the usefulness of the created games, a game session was designed in which the students and five pharmacy graduates and three degree teachers participated. as outside observers. The results obtained were satisfactory, with the average rating of the group being 8.1. In addition, for 76.7% of the participants, creating the i-game allowed them to better understand the subject. For this reason, the design of revision games constitutes a good tool to improve the approach to the subject.Las denominadas estrategias de gamificación favorecen el aprendizaje significativo al incrementar la motivación del alumnado. En la materia inmunología, del grado en farmacia se abordan contenidos nuevos de gran complejidad por ello, la inclusión de actividades lúdicas podría mejorar los resultados académicos. En el presente trabajo se diseñó una actividad cooperativa en la que los estudiantes debían planificar, diseñar y ejecutar un juego que permitiera a estudiantes de grado repasar inmunología. Para evaluar la utilidad de los juegos creados, se diseñó una sesión de juego en la que participaron los alumnos y cinco graduados en Farmacia y tres docentes del grado. Como observadores externos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron satisfactorios siendo la calificación promedio del grupo 8,1. Además, para el 76,7% de los participantes, crear el juego permitió comprender mejor la materia. Por ello, el diseño de juegos de repaso constituye una buena herramienta para mejorar el abordaje de la asignatura
Essential oils of Pinus sylvestris, Citrus limon and Origanum vulgare exhibit high bactericidal and anti-biofilm activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Streptococcus suis
Get PDFAntimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem that urges novel alternatives to treat infections. In attempts to find novel molecules, we assess the antimicrobial potential of seven essential oils (EO) of different plants (Pinus sylvestris, Citrus limon, Origanum vulgare, Cymbopogon martini, Cinnamomum cassia, Melaleuca alternifolia and Eucalyptus globulus) against two multidrug-resistant bacteria species, i.e. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Streptococcus suis. EOs of P. sylvestris and C. limon revealed higher bactericidal activity (MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/mL) and capacity to rapidly disperse biofilms of several N. gonorrhoeae clinical isolates than other EOs. Examination of biofilms exposed to both EO by electron microscopy revealed a reduction of bacterial aggregates, high production of extracellular vesicles, and alteration of cell integrity. This activity was dose-dependent and was enhanced in DNase I-treated biofilms. Antibiotic susceptibility studies confirmed that both EOs affected the outer membrane permeability, and analysis of EO- susceptibility of an LPS-deficient mutant suggested that both EO target the LPS bilayer. Further analysis revealed that α- and β-pinene and D-limonene, components of both EO, contribute to such activity. EO of C. martini, C. cassia, and O. vulgare exhibited promising antimicrobial activity (MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/mL) against S. suis, but only EO of O. vulgare exhibited a high biofilm dispersal activity, which was also confirmed by electron microscopy studies. To conclude, the EO of P. sylvestris, C. limon and O. vulgare studied in this work exhibit bactericidal and anti-biofilm activities against gonococcus and streptococcus, respectively
Ibuprofen solubility and cytotoxic study of deep eutectic solvents formed by xylitol, choline chloride and water (Versión aceptada)
Get PDFCurrently, many of the drugs that are discovered or are on the market are not soluble in water and they are classified in categories II and IV of the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS). All this leads to the search for new solvents or excipients that allow improving the solubility of the active ingredients in aqueous media. One of the new trends is the use of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) to solubilize drugs. That is why, in this article, a eutectic mixture formed by xylitol and choline chloride with different proportions of water have been prepared to improve the formulation possibilities of ibuprofen. This pharmaceutical active ingredient has poor solubility in water. In addition to using these mixtures to study the solubility of an active ingredient, the toxicity of the mixtures using cell viability and protein quantification studies has been also checked. The results obtained show that these mixtures improve the solubility of ibuprofen, and they can be classified as non-toxic. These results open the door to the possibility of carrying out other solubility studies with other active ingredients and increasing the biological studies of these mixtures