HAL Université de Toulouse, et Toulouse INP
Not a member yet
159308 research outputs found
Sort by
Recherche Clinique en Oncologie dans les territoires ultramarins: freins, atouts et les moyens à disposition
No full textInternational audienceIntroductionRéduire les inégalités territoriales d’accès aux soins et aux innovations en oncologie est un objectif de la stratégie décennale de lutte contre le cancer. Les populations des territoires d’Outre-mer (OM) sont confrontées à des limites en matière d'accès à la recherche clinique en oncologie.Methodes : L’article vise à partager un état des lieux exhaustif des défis observés au développement de la recherche clinique en oncologie dans les territoires OM mais aussi des moyens identifiés pour y répondre ; et illustrer avec des succès récents en terme de mise en place de programme de recherche clinique en oncologie.Résultats : La recherche clinique en oncologie dans les territoires d'outre-mer français présente des défis uniques, auxquels la couverture des surcoûts dômiens par les tutelles, les réponses législatives pour lever les contraintes réglementaires, le déploiement des solutions innovantes, la télémedecine, la formation continue en distanciel, le partenariat patient, l’apport des chercheurs en SHS et les collaborations académiques sont autant de dispositifs éprouvés pour surmonter ces obstacles. Plusieurs centres ont démontré récemment la faisabilité d’une recherche clinique en oncologie en OM de qualité. Ces initiatives sont à soutenir et à étendre en s’adaptant aux besoins et à la réalité de chaque territoire. En investissant sur les territoires ultramarins, les tutelles locales et nationales peuvent renforcer les capacités des acteurs locaux pour développer une recherche clinique en oncologie répondant aux besoins de la population et à la réalité de ces territoires.Conclusion : Des centres ultramarins ont su relever les défis et ont démontré la faisabilité de mener des projets de recherche cliniques en oncologie pour permettre l'accès des patients ultramarins aux traitements oncologiques innovants et contribuer à l'avancement des connaissances scientifiques en oncologie
Null controllability of coupled parabolic equations with first-order perturbations
No full textRecently, in \cite{benabdallah2020block}, the block moment method was introduced to study null controllability problems in the case where a condensation of the eigenvalues is compensated by a condensation of the eigenfunctions. In this paper, as an application of the block moment method, we analyze the boundary null controllability of two coupled one-dimensional heat equations with first-order perturbation. We can prove that if the perturbations satisfy suitable conditions, the system is null controllable for T>0. Moreover, in the case of constant perturbation, the controllability result holds without these restrictions
Graft copolymerization of carboxymethylcellulose with solketal acrylate
No full textInternational audienceThe objective of this work is to synthesize new materials based on cellulose fiber. In this study, we presented the synthesis of a new biomaterial by conducting graft polymerization of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl methyl acrylate (DMDMA solketal acrylate) onto carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), using KPS as an initiator. We conducted several experiments to determine the optimal conditions for preparing this biopolymer, varying the reaction time and the ratio between the initiator and the monomer. The results revealed that the highest grafting yield, 52%, was obtained after 72 min at 65 °C, with 6.26 mmol of KPS/eq OH and 4.43 moles of DMDMA/eq OH, using THF as a solvent. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the grafting of monomers onto the CMC. Thermogravimetry showed that the degradation of the grafted CMC occurs in two stages, unlike the degradation of the CMC, which occurs in a single stage, confirming the modification of the starting product. SEM images clearly show the morphological difference between the CMC and the grafted CMC. The BET analysis reveals moderate adsorption at low pressure, followed by a marked increase at high pressure, indicating the presence of mesopores. The hysteresis between adsorption and desorption also suggests closed pore structures. The pore size distribution shows a predominance of pores between 30 and 100 Å, providing an optimal specific surface area for small molecule adsorption and catalytic reactions. This mesoporous profile is suitable for adsorption and catalysis applications. To our knowledge, our study represents the first use of the synthesized monomer, DMDMA solketal acrylate, for grafting onto the structure of CMC, highlighting the originality of our research
Azimuthal anisotropies of charged particles with high transverse momentum in Pb+Pb collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textInternational audienceA measurement is presented of elliptic () and triangular () azimuthal anisotropy coefficients for charged particles produced in Pb+Pb collisions at TeV using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of nb collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2018. The values of and are measured for charged particles over a wide range of transverse momentum (), 1-400 GeV, and Pb+Pb collision centrality, 0-60%, using the scalar product and multi-particle cumulant methods. These methods are sensitive to event-by-event fluctuations and non-flow effects in the measurements of azimuthal anisotropies. Positive values of are observed up to a of approximately 100 GeV from both methods across all centrality intervals. Positive values of are observed up to approximately 25 GeV using both methods, though the application of three-subevent technique to the multi-particle cumulant method leads to significant changes at the highest . At high ( GeV), charged particles are dominantly from jet fragmentation. These jets, and hence the measurements presented here, are sensitive to the path-length dependence of parton energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma produced in Pb+Pb collisions
Multiscale analysis of existing actual evapotranspiration products over agropastoral Sahel
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding the spatiotemporal variability of actual evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical issue for better water resources management from plot to basin scale. It is particularly true in the Sahelian region which is very vulnerable in terms of water and agricultural resources, but also very scarcely monitored. This study aims to improve understanding of ET in Sahelian agrosystems by comparing twenty ET products and collections on two areas in Central Senegal and South-Western Niger: Breathing Earth System Simulation (BESS), Derive Optimal Linear Combination Evapotranspiration (DOLCE) v2.1 and v3.0, ERA5 and ERA5-Land, FLUXCOM-RS, Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) on Noah and Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM), Global Land Evaporation: the Amsterdam Methodology (GLEAM) v3.5a, v3.5b, v3.6a and v3.6b, Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications v2 (MERRA-2), MODIS Global Evapotranspiration products (MOD16/MYD16), Penman-Monteith Leuning version 2 (PML_V2) v0.1 and v0.1.7, Reliability Ensemble Averaging (REA), Simplified Surface Energy Balance for operational applications (SSEBop) and Water Productivity through Open access of Remotely sensed derived data (WaPOR). In order to assess the abilities and drawbacks of each product, a multi-scale analysis is first performed at local scale with different temporal aggregation levels (daily, decadal, monthly). The best performing products, like GLEAM, MERRA-2 or GLDAS-Noah, have low spatial resolution (≥0.25°), but shows really good agreement with ET measurements (RMSE ∼ 0.5 mm.d-1, R2 ≥ 0.8). A multi-scale spatial analysis with different spatial aggregation levels (1, 10 and 25 km) is then performed on interannual composite maps of annual and seasonal ET. Results highlight the different spatiotemporal behaviour of all the products. Products such as ERA5-Land and PML_V2 0.1.7 stand out in this comparison as their higher resolution allows them to describe the spatial patterns of ET realistically and more precisely while having relatively good performances at local scale (RMSE ∼ 0.6 mm.d-1, R2 ≥ 0.7). Overall, the comparison highlights the need to consider soil moisture to accurately estimate ET in the Sahelian region, as the products considering it generally show better performances. It also points out the lack of a high quality and resolution ET product over the Sahel. Future satellite missions, as well as data fusion techniques, could help to fill up this gap and propose a reference product on Sahelian ecosystems
Weakly-Activated Phenol Derivatives as New Green Electrophilic Partners in Suzuki–Miyaura and Related C-C Couplings
No full textInternational audienceIn recent years, there has been growing interest in the development of greener alternatives to traditional reagents used in carbon–carbon coupling reactions, particularly in response to environmental concerns. The commonly used aryl halides, despite being highly reactive in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling (SMC), pose significant environmental risks. As a result, research has shifted towards exploring the use of phenols, which are widely accessible and environmentally benign. However, phenols are considerably less reactive due to the poor leaving group properties of the hydroxyl group, necessitating prior activation to facilitate their use in coupling reactions. This work aims to review the recent investigations on the activation strategies for phenols, focusing on their application in the Suzuki–Miyaura and related C-C couplings. In addition, the exploration of the potential of conducting the activation step “in situ” will also be discussed. We hope that this article will pave the way for the development of more sustainable and efficient coupling methodologies, addressing both ecological and practical challenges in organic synthesis
Multi-model assessment of the role of anthropogenic aerosols in summertime climate change in Europe
No full textInternational audience1) The role of anthropogenic aerosols in European summertime climate change is assessed using a set of multi-model regional climate simulations• (2) Reduced concentrations of anthropogenic aerosols in Europe lead to an increase in surface solar radiation and an extra warming near surface • (3) Current differences in aerosol representation explain a part of inconsistencies between global and regional climate projections in Europe</div
Trajectories of posttraumatic growth identified from person-centered analyses: A systematic review
No full textInternational audienceStruggling with a highly stressful or traumatic event can lead to the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG); yet this construct lacks a theoretical consensus. The Janus-Face model incorporates two forms of perceived PTG, constructive and illusory. To examine clinical heterogeneity in PTG, this systematic review aims to identify measurement of illusory PTG, growth trajectories from person-centered analyses, variations by event type, and transitions over time. A search for studies published between 1996 and 2023 was carried out using four databases (PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Of the eighteen studies included, eight considered real and illusory PTG, evaluating them indirectly through various measures: PTG, coping, functioning, or distress. Fifteen studies conducted with adults and three with children named PTG trajectories according to the evolution of the level of growth (stable, increasing, decreasing PTG) or according to characteristics such as PTG levels, distress, coping, resources (constructive, illusory, distressed, struggling, resistant PTG). Trajectory inclusion of high or increasing PTG is determined by factors such as sociodemographic variables, perceived distress, active coping, or social support. Trajectories varied by event type and sample, with chronically ill patients showing complex patterns while earthquake-surviving children mostly high PTG. Additionally, trajectory transitions were observed less than two years post-event. The results suggest that perceived growth can take multiple forms that evolve over time. Developing this type of study by integrating different events and additional processes would improve understanding of perceived PTG and provide insight for adaptive interventions
Tours et détours autobiographico-langagiers : travaux en ateliers d’écriture en classe de FLE pour le « repaysement » des sujets.
No full textInternational audienc
A Blockchain and IPFS-Enhanced Model for Attack Detection and Resource Efficiency: IFIP International Internet of Things
No full textInternational audienceThe Social Internet of Things (SIoT) facilitates seamless interactions between IoT devices, providing users with quick and convenient services. However, this domain is vulnerable to manipulation by malicious nodes that issue false recommendations and services to inflate their reputation, leading to trust-related attacks. Developing trust models to detect these attacks in each interaction is challenging due to the complexity of the patterns and features required for accurate prediction. Furthermore, trust metrics are not consistently updated for each node, resulting in inefficiencies and unnecessary resource consumption. To address these challenges, we propose a system that analyzes the context of the current interaction and incorporates temporal factors to monitor node behavior. Our approach employs a decentralized system based on blockchain and IPFS storage, reducing costs and making the process of trust evaluation more efficient and practical for real-time scenarios. This method enhances the detection of trust-related attacks while optimizing resource allocation and execution time