uOttawa - Revues / Journals
Not a member yet
3704 research outputs found
Sort by
Pre-analytical specimen labelling and processing errors in the ICU : Pre-analytical specimen processing errors in the ICU
No full textIntroduction: Specimen rejections have been associated with increased in-hospital stay and cost. The majority of errors occur in the pre-analytic phase. Specimen rejection can lead to high rate of recollection, delay in result availability, and high rate of test abandonment. These factors affect patient care and safety.
Methods: This study conducted a retrospective review of Patient Safety Learning System (PSLS) reports for the intensive care unit (ICU) at The Ottawa Hospital General Campus (TOH) between 2010 and 2018, and a prospective review using interviews, surveys, and process mapping.
Results: From 2098 PSLS reports, 52.6% were related to laboratory specimen collection and processing (pre-analytic phase). Specimen mislabelling with the wrong patient identifier accounted for 9.8% of pre-analytical error reports, while 16.4% of errors were due to non-sufficient quantity (NSQ) of specimen. 12.2 % of pre-analytical error reports involved cytology specimens.
Conclusions: Pre-analytical errors are not only costly and resource draining, but may also place a burden on patients. Areas where errors were found include labels and requisitions stored in bedside cabinets, inconsistencies between specimen labels and requisitions, out-dated and difficult to access laboratory manuals, and non-sufficient quantity specimen collection. In the future we hope to start new initiatives to tackle these issues to improve patient safety and hospital efficiencies. This includes the development of a website for the laboratory manual, so that it is more easily accessible and user-friendly. With a new electronic medical record (EMR) system at TOH in 2019, we will explore the affects of pre-analytical processing of specimens.
Enseignement du français aux étudiants internationaux : apports du translanguaging et des multilittératies en contexte institutionnel
Get PDFThis article presents the preliminary results of an intervention-research conducted in a French institutional context in a university department teaching French as an additional language to international students. Relying on the implementation of a pedagogical approach to the theory of translanguaging and multiliteracies, its objectives are to identify some pedagogical avenues to enable pluri-/multilingual learners to fully exploit their language repertoire. Results highlight the convergence between translanguaging and multiliteracies and invite reflection on the place and legitimacy to be given to bottom-up decisions in the implementation of practices.Cet article présente les résultats préliminaires d’une recherche-intervention menée en contexte institutionnel français dans un département universitaire d’enseignement du français comme langue additionnelle à des étudiants internationaux. L’un de ses objectifs, à partir de la mise en oeuvre d’une approche pédagogique de la théorie du translanguaging et des multilittératies, est d’identifier quelques pistes pédagogiques pour permettre aux apprenants pluri/multilingues d’exploiter pleinement leur répertoire langagier. Les résultats soulignent la convergence entre le translanguaging et les multilittératies. Ils invitent également à réfléchir sur la place et la légitimité à accorder aux décisions ascendantes dans la mise en oeuvre des pratiques
Care and Cultural Exclusion in Restoration Spain: Transgressive Caregiving in Galdós’s Misericordia
Get PDFBenito Pérez Galdós’s Misericordia (1897) represents two opposing models of providing care for diseased, disabled, or degenerate subjects: custodial care aimed at controlling social deviance and caregiving that takes into account the needs of the care recipient. I propose that, through the caregiving model, the protagonist, Benina, establishes a powerful stance against medical and economic discourses that devalued the lives of marginal subjects. This analysis examines the relationship between the categories of disease, disability, and degeneration; the role of custodial care and caregiving in the nineteenth-century Spanish economy; and how both models respond to the possibility of contagion, as well as the political implications of these responses.Misericordia (1897) de Benito Pérez Galdós representa dos modelos opuestos de asistencia para sujetos enfermos, discapacitados o degenerados: la asistencia custodial cuyo objetivo es controlar las desviaciones sociales y el cuidado afectivo cuyo objetivo es tomar en cuenta las necesidades y preferencias del paciente. Este artículo propone que, a través del modelo de cuidado afectivo, la protagonista, Benina, establece una posición en contra de los discursos médicos y económicos que devalúan las vidas de los sujetos marginales. Se examinan las relaciones entre las categorías de enfermedad, discapacidad y degeneración; el papel de la asistencia custodial y el cuidado afectivo en la economía finisecular; y la manera en que ambos modelos responden a la posibilidad de una enfermedad contagiosa, tanto como las implicaciones políticas de estas contestaciones.Benito Pérez Galdós’s Misericordia (1897) represents two opposing models of providing care for diseased, disabled, or degenerate subjects: custodial care aimed at controlling social deviance and caregiving that takes into account the needs of the care recipient. I propose that, through the caregiving model, the protagonist, Benina, establishes a powerful stance against medical and economic discourses that devalued the lives of marginal subjects. This analysis examines the relationship between the categories of disease, disability, and degeneration; the role of custodial care and caregiving in the nineteenth-century Spanish economy; and how both models respond to the possibility of contagion, as well as the political implications of these responses
Estranged Mother: José Martí, the Matrixial Father in Exile
Get PDFThis article questions the paternal logic of José Martí’s nationalism, through the works Abdala (1869) and Ismaelillo (1882). Martí’s nineteenth-century writing announces the creation of a Cuban nation defined by many in terms of his literary production. However, there remains another Martí, a maternal Martí that escapes our intentions to define and concretize his Work. Beginning with Bracha Ettinger’s concept of the “matrixial,” I maintain that these texts disintegrate the borders between the national body, the individual, and the writer and that this paternal Martí gives way to a maternal relation.Este artículo cuestiona la lógica paterna del nacionalismo de José Martí, a través de Abdala (1869), un drama político, e Ismaelillo (1882), la colección de poemas. La escritura decimonónica de Martí anuncia la creación del estado cubano, que muchos han definido en términos de esa producción literaria. Sin embargo, sigue existiendo otro Martí, un Martí materno que escapa nuestras intenciones de definir y concretar su obra literaria. Partiendo del concepto de la “matriz” de Bracha Ettinger, sostengo que estos textos desintegran las fronteras del cuerpo nacional, del individuo y del escritor, y que el Martí paterno da paso a una relación materna.This article questions the paternal logic of José Martí’s nationalism, through the works Abdala (1869) and Ismaelillo (1882). Martí’s nineteenth-century writing announces the creation of a Cuban nation defined by many in terms of his literary production. However, there remains another Martí, a maternal Martí that escapes our intentions to define and concretize his Work. Beginning with Bracha Ettinger’s concept of the “matrixial,” I maintain that these texts disintegrate the borders between the national body, the individual, and the writer and that this paternal Martí gives way to a maternal relation
REDD+ But Not Ready: Why the Nationally Determined Contributions of Developing Countries Are Unprepared for REDD+ to be Adopted Under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
No full textThe ratification of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement allows countries to engage in compliance-based carbon markets which will allow countries to offset their own carbon emissions by investing in emissions reductions elsewhere. Given this recent development, it bears considering whether the international system is prepared to adopt existing voluntary carbon markets into a compliance system. Accordingly, this paper examines the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of major REDD+ host countries to determine whether they are prepared to adopt this program under the compliance-based system. Given the well-documented risks of carbon offset markets to indirectly increase emission (via non-additionality, leakage, or incentivizing weak governance from host states), this paper argues that host states need to set clear guidelines towards the roles internal decarbonization policy and what is additional contributions from carbon markets. This paper ultimately argues that REDD+ is ill-equipped to function under a carbon market as host states appear reliant on REDD+ to achieve their own internal climate goals and suggests that better accountability is needed for REDD+ to be adopted under article 6.
 
L’autodétermination : de la difficile naissance à l’impossible application du droit par les Nations Unies ?
No full textCette recherche fait une analyse historique de l’exercice du droit à l’autodétermination des peuples qui peut susciter moult réflexions au regard de certains cas d’expériences concrètes. Créées pour promouvoir la paix et le règlement pacifique des conflits entre États, les Nations Unies se retrouvent bien souvent impuissantes face aux conflits internes et tiraillés entre des principes contradictoires : le respect des droits de l’homme et la non-ingérence dans les affaires internes des États. Sans oublier l’opposition des États membres au sein de l’organisation qui empêche son action. Ces conflits internes entre un État et une partie de sa population qui revendique sa libre détermination débouchent alors bien souvent sur des guerres fratricides au bilan humain lourd.  
Les relations entre le diffuseur public canadien CBC et les producteurs indépendants. Analyse d’une filière audiovisuelle en transformation
Get PDFL’essor du numérique bouleverse l’économie politique de la production indépendante. Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser les liens entre le réseau de langue anglaise du radiodiffuseur public canadien et la production indépendante dans le contexte des mutations technologiques et économiques. L’étude de nature qualitative recourt à l’analyse documentaire et à des entretiens semi-dirigés avec les responsables de la stratégie numérique du réseau public CBC et avec des producteurs indépendants. Le radiodiffuseur public s’adapte au numérique et les façons de faire des producteurs indépendants se modifient aussi dans un nouvel environnement audiovisuel caractérisé par un déséquilibre des rapports de force quant aux ententes commerciales avec la CBC et aux conditions de valorisation du contenu dans un contexte mondialisé
No Estimation without Inference: A Response to the International Society of Physiotherapy Journal Editors
No full textThe International Society of Physiotherapy Journal Editors (ISPJE) recently published an editorial warning that many of their journals would soon prohibit the use of null hypothesis tests and instead require authors to interpret 95% confidence intervals relative to clinically important values. Although I encourage the reporting of confidence intervals and the discussing of uncertainty in the context of a research question, the ISPJE’s proposed ban is illogical and there are several instances of flawed statistical reasoning in the editorial. In brief, the editorial: (1) fails to adequately grapple with the inherent connection between hypothesis testing and estimation, (2) presents several misleading arguments about the perceived flaws of hypothesis tests, and (3) presents an alternative to hypothesis testing that is, in itself, a form of hypothesis test – the minimal effects test – albeit done informally. If the editorials’ arguments are taken at face value, then that will lower the statistical literacy in our field and readers will have a flawed understanding of p-values. Further, if the editorials’ proposed ban is put into practice, I fear that could decrease the scientific integrity of our research as it removes quantitative benchmarks in favor of a more subjective interpretation of confidence intervals. Ultimately, I think that many of the ISPJE’s concerns that led to the editorial are valid, but I think those problems are the result of questionable research practices stemming from poor methodological training for authors, reviewers, and editors. These problems will only be fixed through better and continuing education, not the banning of statistically valid methods