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Pourquoi certaines femmes choisissent d’accoucher sans assistance professionnelle ? Une revue narrative systématisée
Get PDFLes accouchements non assistés (ANA) font référence au fait que certaines femmes choisissent de vivre un accouchement en l’absence de professionnel·les de la santé alors que des structures médicales sont normalement disponibles pour les soutenir si elles le désirent. Ce choix s’inscrit en rupture du contexte actuel de médicalisation des naissances. À notre connaissance, aucune recension des écrits n’a été publiée à ce sujet dans l’espace francophone malgré les questionnements croissants concernant ce phénomène. Cet article présente ainsi les résultats d’une revue narrative systématisée (n=32) qui porte précisément sur les ANA. Nos résultats décrivent le profil sociodémographique des femmes qui choisissent les ANA, les motivations et le processus décisionnel lié à ce choix, les risques socioculturels auxquels ces femmes sont exposées et la place qu’occupent les réseaux socionumériques dans ce processus décisionnel. Nos résultats soulignent la nécessité, pour les professionnel·les de la santé, de développer une sensibilité accrue envers les motivations et les valeurs des femmes qui choisissent les ANA
The Effectiveness of Concurrent Positive and Negative Visual Feedback on a Computerized Motor Task of Varying Difficulties
No full textThe purpose of this online study was to examine the effectiveness of concurrent positive and negative visual feedback on the performance of a rotary-pursuit task. One hundred and nine physical education students were randomly assigned to three groups: a positive feedback group (n = 37), a negative feedback group (n = 35), and a control group (no feedback; n = 37). The students participated from their own home computers and performed an easy, moderate, and difficult rotary-pursuit task. On Day 1, the participants performed a pre-test with no feedback and practiced eight trials of each level of difficulty with the assigned feedback. On Day 2, they practiced eight trials of each level of difficulty again. On Day 3, they practiced eight trials of each level of difficulty with feedback and performed a post-test with no feedback. Finally, the participants were asked to report their subjective assessment of the task difficulty. The main findings were that in the task of moderate difficulty, negative feedback led to the best performance during practice. In addition, regardless of the difficulty level, practicing with negative feedback led to the best performance in the post-test. The results suggest that task difficulty moderates the effects of feedback on performance and that providing concurrent negative visual feedback in a continuous task may be more advantageous
Time to retire the raw analysis of individual responses
No full textThis letter critiques the data analysis of a study investigating peak oxygen uptake responses to cycling and running sprint interval training (Digby et al., 2023 J Strength Cond Res, 37(4), e313-e316). While the study effectively demonstrates the specificity principle in the context of sprint interval training, concerns arise regarding the methodology used to categorise participants as responders or non-responders. The letter highlights the disregard for the recommendations of a number of academics advocating for specific experimental designs and statistical analyses to examine inter-individual variability. Furthermore, the reliability of within-individual adaptive responses to training and the potential impact of measurement errors and biological fluctuations are considered. It is suggested that the (non-)responder categorisation adds nothing to the main findings of the study and should be avoided. The importance of using appropriate experimental designs and statistical analyses when investigating inter-individual variability is emphasised. An open-source beta-version simulator is introduced as an educational resource to demonstrate the limitations inherent in the responder counting approach
El poder de Rosaura en La vida es sueño de Calderón de la Barca
Get PDFThis article deals with Rosaura’s relationships to other characters: her father, her mother, her lover (Astolfo), and her rival (Estrella), in addition to Segismundo in Pedro Calderón de la Barca’s play La vida es sueño. By being recognized by her father, Rosaura recovers her honor and can marry Astolfo. But Clotaldo’s recognition is substantially caused by Rosaura herself; she must therefore be viewed as the agent of her own destiny as well as an essential figure in the play’s denouement. Finally, Rosaura (Astrea) undoes the fatal star that held Segismundo in its grip and moves him to marry Estrella, who is both her double and romantic rival.Se exploran en este artículo las relaciones de Rosaura con otros personajes: su padre, su madre, su amante (Astolfo) y su rival (Estrella), además de Segismundo en la obra La vida es sueño de Pedro Calderón de la Barca. Al ser reconocida por su padre, Rosaura recobra su honor y puede desposar a Astolfo. Pero el reconocimiento paterno es sustancialmente obra de la propia Rosaura, quien debe por tanto ser vista como agente de su destino y figura crucial en el desenlace de la obra. Finalmente, Rosaura (Astrea) deshace la estrella fatal que aprisionaba a Segismundo y lo impulsa a casarse con Estrella, a la vez doble y rival romántica de Rosaura
Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the Treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon—A Systematic Review: Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Raynaud’s phenomenon
No full textObjective: The objective of this systematic review is to describe existing literature pertaining to the use of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) for the management of primary or secondary Raynaud’s Phenomenon (RP) compared to placebo.
Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched from their inception to the present for randomized controlled trials and clinical trials for studies assessing the therapeutic effects NPIs in primary or secondary RP. The studies were screened, and data were extracted by two reviewers. The major outcomes assessed included frequency (per week) and duration (minutes) of attacks and pain.
Results: We found 23 parallel or crossover RCTs, 5 of which were not discussed in this review. The categories of NPIs included acupuncture and other needling techniques (n=4), temperature biofeedback (n=4), lasers and electrotherapy (n=5), exercise therapy (n=2), gas therapy (n=1), therapeutic gloves (n=1), and ischemic preconditioning (n=1). Most studies demonstrated trends towards therapeutic benefit; however, there was substantial heterogeneity amongst the studies. Laser therapy had the most consistent evidence; 60% and 75% of the studies reported significant improvements in frequency of attacks per week and pain. Acupuncture therapies had minimal statistically significant benefits and the data for temperature biofeedback were inconsistent and of low quality. Exercise therapy is more recently being explored showing a marked therapeutic benefit for pain.
Conclusion: The evidence is limited and inconsistent; however, the studies demonstrated a trend towards therapeutic benefits, with laser and electrotherapy having the most consistent evidence. Further high-quality and multi-center RCTs are required