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Cumulative Evidence Synthesis and Consideration of “Research Waste” Using Bayesian Methods: An example updating a previous meta-analysis of self-talk interventions for sport/motor performance
No full textIn the present paper we demonstrate the application of methods for cumulative evidence synthesis including Bayesian meta-analysis, and exploration of questionable research practices such as publication bias or p-hacking, in the sport and exercise sciences for the evaluation of experimental interventions. The use of such methods can aid in study planning and avoid “research waste”. In demonstrating and discussing these methods we use the example of self-talk interventions and their effects upon sport/motor performance given a quantitative evidence synthesis has not been conducted on this topic, to the best of our knowledge, since 2011 when Hatzigeorgiadis et al. (2011) conducted their systematic review and meta-analysis. As such, this topic is ripe to use in demonstrating cumulative methods such as Bayesian updating. Therefore, our aim was to conduct an updated systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis replicating the search, inclusion, and models of Hatzigeorgiadis et al. (2011) and demonstrate the application of cumulative evidence synthesis methods including; consideration of the initial probability that a new study of the effects of self-talk interventions would shift our prior belief in their effectiveness, the application of priors taken from the previous meta-analysis to be updated by new studies identified to a new posterior estimate of effect, and consideration of other possible sources of research waste from questionable research practices such as publication bias and p-hacking. Such methods as those demonstrated here, when used prospectively, can aid researchers in determining whether further research of a particular experimental intervention is in fact warranted. Considering the limited resources and time for conducting research we hope that highlighting the application of these methods might help researchers in the field to avoid research waste and more productively direct their research efforts
Quand le napolitain s\u27invite en cours d\u27italien
No full textThis article proposes a didactic solution for introducing learners of Italian to the complex linguistic repertoire of Italy, in order to strengthen their sociolinguistic competence. In particular, we share the results of anonymous surveys submitted to an intermediate-level class’s students, designed to determine their perception of the usefulness of studying regional accents, dialects, and code-switching during a standard language course, as well as their level of motivation and the theoretical benefits of opening up to cultural diversity.Cet article propose une piste didactique pour introduire des apprenant.e.s d’italien au complexe répertoire linguistique d’Italie, afin de renforcer leur compétence sociolinguistique. Nous partageons notamment les résultats de questionnaires anonymes soumis à des étudiant.e.s suivant un cours de niveau intermédiaire, élaborés pour cerner leurs représentations de l’utilité d’étudier les accents régionaux, les dialectes et l’alternance codique lors d’un cours de langue standard, ainsi que leur niveau de motivation et les bienfaits théoriques d’une ouverture à la diversité culturelle
L’accès à l’information pour les citoyens sourds québécois dans un contexte de multilinguisme et de diglossie
Get PDFFocusing on the situation of deaf bilingualism in Canada, where sign languages (SLs) are in a situation of diglossia with respect to the official languages, we examine the role and status of SLs in accessibility policies and in Quebecers deaf citizens’ perceptions of equal access to information. Our analysis of deaf citizens’ perceptions and experience (7 focus groups, 13 interviews) shows that adequate accessibility is defined by i) the respect of political commitments, ii) the establishment of norms of accessibility involving free choice of language, iii) personal control of technical parameters, iv) the recognition of deaf expertise’s, and v) the requirement of training and qualification. This analysis reveals a dichotomy between the absence of language policies regarding canadian SLs and the Accessible Canada Act’s goal of eliminating obstacles to information accessibility.Dans le contexte du multilinguisme sourd au Canada, où les langues des signes (LS) sont en situation de diglossie par rapport aux langues officielles, nous nous intéressons au rôle et au statut de ces langues dans les politiques d’accès et à la perception des citoyens sourds québécois concernant un accès équitable à l’information. L’analyse menée sur les perceptions et le vécu de l’accès à l’information de citoyens sourds (7 groupes de discussion, 13 entrevues) montre qu’un accès adéquat est défini par i) le respect des engagements politiques, ii) l’établissement de normes d’accessibilité impliquant le libre choix de langue, iii) le contrôle personnalisé des paramètres techniques, iv) la reconnaissance des expertises sourdes, et v) l’exigence de formation et de qualification. Cette analyse montre une dichotomie entre une absence de politique linguistique sur les LS canadiennes et les objectifs d’élimination des obstacles à l’accès à l’information de la loi sur l’accessibilité
La recepción crítica de los diarios de Alejandra Pizarnik y el impulso de los estudios del género en Hispanoamérica
Get PDFThis work highlights the central role that the diaries of the Argentine poet Alejandra Pizarnik have had in the emergence and development of studies of the diaristic genre in Spanish America. Based on a systematization of the critical reception of Pizarnik’s diaries, which includes a diversity of theoretical perspectives such as intertextuality, autobiographical theory in the context of post-structuralism, and genetic criticism, this article shows how academic research has legitimized, within the field of literary criticism, what were once considered mere personal texts.Este trabajo analiza el papel central que han tenido los diarios de la poeta argentina Alejandra Pizarnik en el surgimiento y desarrollo de los estudios sobre este género en la literatura hispanoamericana. A partir de una sistematización de la recepción crítica de los diarios de Pizarnik, que incluye una diversidad de perspectivas teóricas tales como la intertextualidad, la teoría autobiográfica en el contexto postestructuralista y la crítica genética, se observará cómo ha ejercido la investigación académica una función legitimadora de un texto personal dentro del ámbito literario
Dionysian Embodiment: Abject Queerness in Federico García Lorca’s “Ode to Walt Whitman”
Get PDFFederico García Lorca’s poem “Ode to Walt Whitman” from Poeta en Nueva York (1940) is well-known for its shockingly homophobic language. This article explores the discomfort and disgust surrounding queer subjectivity in the poem, specifically through images of the body. My analysis is centered on the dichotomy between Apollonian and Dionysian embodiment, a tension that reveals how Lorca’s conceptualization of queerness is linked to abjection.El poema “Oda a Walt Whitman” de Federico García Lorca (Poeta en Nueva York, 1940) es bien conocido por su lenguaje homofóbico. Este artículo explora, a través de las imágenes del cuerpo, la incomodidad y el asco que rodean la subjetividad queer del poema. Mi análisis se centra en la dicotomía entre el encaramiento apolíneo y dionisíaco, una tensión que revela el vínculo entre la conceptualización lorquiana de lo queer y la abyección
Investigating the Influence of the Patient-Therapist Relationship on Adherence to Assistive Devices in Stroke Rehabilitation
Get PDFThe patient therapist relationship (PTR) is a critical component of treatment delivery in health care settings. This construct has potential to inform treatment efficacy and adherence to assistive devices (ADs) in stroke rehabilitation. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of the PTR in promoting adherence to AD recommendations and identify barriers patients encounter in using ADs. Additionally, we investigated whether the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI-SR) questionnaire captured information about the PTR that could enhance adherence. Four therapists and four stroke patients participated in interviews centered on therapist roles, patient experiences, and approaches to enhance adherence. Therapists were asked to evaluate the WAI-SR’s ability to capture features of the PTR. Interviews were subject to thematic analysis. Therapists emphasized collaborative decision-making to enhance adherence, fostering trust and communication. Patients reported trusting their therapists, who played a major role in instilling confidence in AD use. Patient barriers included: stigma, education gaps, device design flaws, costs, and memory limitations. Insights from the WAI-SR provided valuable information on PTR dynamics, potentially enhancing adherence strategies. The findings suggest that the quality of the PTR significantly influences AD use. They offer insights into therapists\u27 strategies for enhancing adherence, patients\u27 barriers, and the WAI-SR’s potential
Introduction: Redesigning the pedagogy of multiliteracies II for acting in a society with uncertainties
Get PDFThe Life of the Particle: José Torrubia and the Vital Mechanics of Matter
Get PDFThis essay explores vitalism in José Torrubia\u27s Aparato para la historia natural de España (1754), a work cited by renowned Enlightenment paleontologists and mineralogists. Torrubia is absent from scholarly accounts of vitalism, which exclude Spain and its colonial territories from scientific modernity. His vitalism turned on how and why he distinguished "dead" matter from "live" matter. As a natural historian and missionary, he travelled throughout Europe, Peru, and Mexico, exchanging artifacts and ideas with Enlightenment figures from France, Germany, and Italy. Aparato offers us today a broader perspective on Enlightenment and postmodern strands of vitalism.Este ensayo explora el vitalismo en el Aparato para la historia natural de España (1754) de José Torrubia, una obra citada por renombrados paleontólogos y mineralogistas de la Ilustración. Torrubia está ausente de los relatos académicos sobre el vitalismo, que excluyen a España y sus territorios coloniales de la modernidad científica. Su vitalismo giraba en torno a cómo y por qué distinguía la materia "muerta" de la "viva". Como historiador natural y misionero, viajó por Europa, Perú y México, intercambiando artefactos e ideas con figuras de la Ilustración de Francia, Alemania e Italia. El Aparato de Torrubia nos ofrece hoy una perspectiva más amplia del vitalismo ilustrado y posmoderno