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Medicinal Melodies: A Scoping Review of Music In Medical Education:
Get PDFAs medical education continues to advance, integrating empathy and emotional intelligence with technical skills remains essential. The field of medical humanities, encompassing disciplines such as the study of music, is increasingly recognized as crucial for cultivating these interpersonal and emotional competencies. Music has been recognized for its significant role in enhancing interpersonal skills, stress management, and empathy among medical students. This review examines various approaches to integrating music into medical education, including active participation in performances, reflective listening practices, structured coursework, and professional development workshops. Participation in musical groups has shown benefits in stress relief, teamwork, and cultural appreciation. Reflective listening to music, such as attending performances and analyzing them, helps enhance self-awareness and non-verbal communication skills. Formal coursework and clinical applications of music therapy provide students with insights into how music can improve patient care, fostering greater patient engagement and building stronger rapport. While professional development seminars are beneficial, they often face challenges in securing student engagement and may lack opportunities for direct patient interaction. Despite the promising evidence, challenges exist. Methods relying on musical skills might exclude non-musicians, and the effectiveness of listening-based approaches can vary with personal music preferences. Theoretical frameworks in music-based pedagogy advocate for integrating these methodologies with empirically supported clinical practices to develop a comprehensive and structured curriculum. Overall, integrating music into medical education offers the potential to enhance humanistic practices and improve patient interactions, though further research is needed to optimize and formalize these approaches.
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À mesure que la formation médicale progresse, l’intégration de l’empathie et de l’intelligence émotionnelle aux compétences techniques demeure essentielle. Le domaine des sciences humaines médicales, qui englobe des disciplines telles que l’étude de la musique, est de plus en plus reconnu comme crucial pour cultiver ces compétences interpersonnelles et émotionnelles. La musique a été reconnue pour son rôle significatif dans l’amélioration des compétences interpersonnelles, de la gestion du stress et de l’empathie chez les étudiants en médecine. Cette étude examine diverses approches pour intégrer la musique dans la formation médicale, y compris la participation active à des représentations, des pratiques d’écoute réflexive, des cours structurés et des ateliers de développement professionnel. La participation à des groupes musicaux s’est révélée bénéfique pour le soulagement du stress, le travail d’équipe et l’appréciation de la culture. Une écoute réfléchie de la musique, par exemple en assistant à des représentations et en les analysant, contribue à améliorer la conscience de soi et les compétences en matière de communication non verbale. Les cours structurés et les applications cliniques de la musicothérapie permettent aux étudiants de mieux comprendre comment la musique peut améliorer les soins prodigués aux patients, ce qui favorise l’engagement des patients et l’établissement de rapports plus étroits. Bien que les séminaires de développement professionnel soient bénéfiques, ils se heurtent souvent à la difficulté de susciter l’engagement des étudiants et peuvent manquer d’occasions d’interaction directe avec les patients. Malgré les preuves prometteuses, il existe des défis à relever. Les méthodes reposant sur les compétences musicales peuvent exclure les non-musiciens, et l’efficacité des approches basées sur l’écoute peut varier en fonction des préférences musicales personnelles. Les cadres théoriques de la pédagogie basée sur la musique préconisent l’intégration de ces méthodologies aux pratiques cliniques soutenues empiriquement afin de développer un programme d’études complet et structuré. Dans l’ensemble, l’intégration de la musique dans la formation médicale offre la possibilité de renforcer les pratiques humanistes et d’améliorer les interactions avec les patients, bien que des recherches supplémentaires soient nécessaires pour optimiser et formaliser ces approches
Signing On: A New Chapter in Medical Education for Inclusive Care; Scoping Review: Deaf Awareness In Medical Education
No full textPatients with sensory disabilities, including deafness and hearing loss (D&HH), continue to face significant communication barriers with healthcare providers, adversely affecting the quality of care they receive. Despite this, only a limited number of medical schools incorporate formal education on Deaf awareness into their curricula. This review aims to investigate how deaf competency training can be integrated into medical education to enhance student awareness and improve health outcomes for the D&HH community. Articles were sourced from PubMed, EMBASE, and OVID Medline using MeSH terms and keywords. Articles were included if they were published in English, focused on medical students, and discussed the benefits of Deaf awareness and American Sign Language (ASL) training. Exclusion criteria included relevance to non-medical students, non-medical contexts, non-full articles, and retracted studies. The review found that various forms of professional development workshops significantly increased Deaf awareness and improved attitudes among medical students. Notably, these workshops fostered a deeper understanding of the unique challenges faced by the D&HH community, highlighting the importance of effective communication strategies in clinical settings. However, the limited literature on Deaf awareness training in medical curricula, coupled with small sample sizes in existing studies, restricts the ability to draw definitive conclusions. To address these gaps, future research should focus on developing clinically relevant and specialty-specific Deaf awareness training programs, while also considering longer workshop durations to enhance effectiveness. Such initiatives could contribute to improved health outcomes for the D&HH community by equipping future healthcare professionals with the necessary skills to provide inclusive care.
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Les patients ayant des handicaps sensoriels, y compris la surdité et la perte d’audition, continuent d’être confrontés à d’importants obstacles à la communication avec les prestataires de soins de santé, ce qui nuit à la qualité des soins qu’ils reçoivent. Malgré cela, seul un nombre limité d’écoles de médecine intègrent un enseignement formel sur la sensibilisation à la surdité. Cette revue étudie la manière dont la formation aux compétences en matière de la surdité peut être intégrée dans l’enseignement médical afin de sensibiliser les étudiants et d’améliorer les résultats en matière de santé pour la communauté sourde et malentendante (SM). Les articles ont été recherchés dans PubMed, EMBASE et OVID Medline en utilisant des termes et des mots-clés MeSH (acronyme anglais : Medical Subject Headings). Les études ont été retenues si elles étaient publiées en anglais, si elles portaient sur des étudiants en médecine et si elles traitaient des avantages de la sensibilisation à la surdité et de la formation à la langue des signes américaine (acronyme anglais : ASL). Les critères d’exclusion comprenaient les études non pertinentes pour les étudiants en médecine, les contextes non médicaux, les articles incomplets et les études rétractées. La revue a analysé neuf articles pertinents couvrant un total de 959 participants. Il a été constaté que les ateliers de développement professionnel augmentaient de manière significative la sensibilisation à la surdité et amélioraient les attitudes des étudiants en médecine. Ces ateliers ont notamment favorisé une meilleure compréhension des défis uniques auxquels est confrontée la communauté SM, soulignant l’importance de stratégies de communication efficaces dans les milieux cliniques. Cependant, la littérature limitée sur la formation à la sensibilisation à la surdité dans les programmes d’études médicales, associée à la petite taille des échantillons dans les études existantes, limite la capacité à tirer des conclusions définitives. Les recherches futures devraient donner la priorité à l’élaboration de programmes de formation à la sensibilisation à la surdité cliniquement pertinents et spécifiques à une spécialité, tout en envisageant également des durées d’atelier plus longues pour améliorer l’efficacité. De telles initiatives pourraient en fin de compte améliorer les résultats en matière de santé pour la communauté SM et promouvoir des soins de santé plus inclusifs
Goya on Sexual Violence: Testimony and Critique
Get PDFThis essay examines three prints from Goya’s Disasters of War to elucidate the complex moral analyses that the artist develops over the course of his famous print series. While the Disasters of War have often been understood as forms of historical testimony, the essay argues that the series is better understood within the eighteenth-century coordinates of critique and satire. It focuses on prints dedicated to sexual violence to underscore the dense layering of meanings that Goya achieves through: a) the sequential presentation of his image; b) the interplay between captions and images; and c) the combination of realist pictorial codes and abstraction.En este ensayo se examinan tres de los Desastres de la guerra que Goya dedicó a la violencia sexual para elucidar el complejo análisis moral que se desarrolla a lo largo de la serie. Aunque los Desastres frecuentemente se han interpretado como formas de testimonio histórico, se propone que las coordenadas más propicias para entender el proyecto son las de la crítica y sátira dieciochescas. Se resalta así la densidad semántica que el artista consigue a través de: a) la presentación serial de imágenes; b) la interacción entre textos e imágenes; y c) la combinación de códigos pictóricos realistas con elementos de abstracción
The Paradox of Anonymity in Justice: A Palestinian Occupational Therapist’s Response to the AnonymOT Collective
Get PDFThis response critically examines the AnonymOT Collective’s commentary on occupational therapy’s role in advocating justice for Palestine. Written from the perspective of a Palestinian occupational therapist, it challenges the authors’ use of anonymity, highlighting the contradiction it poses to their call for open discourse. The response critiques the possible exclusion of Palestinian voices, the lack of actionable proposals, and the performative framing of advocacy. It emphasizes the need for transparency, accountability, and the inclusion of lived experiences in justice-oriented efforts. This piece calls for genuine solidarity and meaningful action to support occupational therapists and healthcare workers in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank in Palestine
Great Power Rivalries and South Asian Regionalism
Get PDFThis research examines the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and its struggle to achieve regional integration, collective power and hegemony in the region to countervail the machinations of US and China politicking. Despite a promising 2014 summit, political tensions, notably between India and Pakistan, have stalled progress. Key events, such as the 2016 summit cancellation and the 2021 Afghanistan representation issue, highlight missed opportunities for cooperation. Using the concept of regionalism the study analyzes SAARC\u27s challenges and deficiencies in its approach. Comparisons with other regional bodies like ASEAN reveal the importance of resolving conflicts to foster stability and economic growth. The paper argues that overcoming internal disputes is essential for SAARC to fulfill its goals of regional cooperation, development and sovereignty.
 
The Dispossession of International Students by Canadian Higher Education as a form of Imperialist Extraction from the Global South
Get PDFThis paper explores the increasing prominence of international students, particularly those from India, in the Canadian labour landscape, and the roles played by higher education and the immigration system in facilitating this trend. International students face a considerable degree of dispossession, firstly, by higher education institutions by being charged exorbitant international tuition fees and often having to invest funds into profit-motivated recruitment agents to facilitate their application process, as well as, secondly, by the immigration system which renders their status in the country subject to stringent requirements, and whose infrastructure falls severely short in supporting them. Consequently, findings show that international students are likely to absorb the costs of these dispossession mechanisms, often by enduring sub-optimal housing, food, and mental health conditions. Furthermore, these dispossession mechanisms create the conditions for the cheapening of these international students’ labour-power, resulting in the creation of an underclass of workers that occupy a significant portion of the low-wage economy in Canada. This paper argues that the dispossession created by higher education and the immigration system constitute a manufacturing of ‘differential surplus rates’ among international students, amounting to a form of imperialist extraction of labour from the global south
Assessing the Relevance of the Home Advantage in Sports: Towards Meaningful Measurement Units
No full textThe continued interest of researchers in understanding the home advantage in sports has led to many different attempts in determining the meaningfulness of the effect. Specifically, it has been argued that the typically large sample sizes examined in this field jeopardize the meaningfulness of common statistical tests that are based on proportions. To combat this, scholars have recommended to focus on standardized effect size measures instead. While such unit-less measures allow for comparisons between studies, they do not reflect the actual units of measurement that players and coaches work with. Using the critical values of the associated equations alongside simulated data, this paper shows that hypothesis tests indeed yield significant results when the home teams win few additional points, while at the same time, effect size measures would require a large amount of additional points won by the home teams which rarely occurs in any sport to yield at least a small effect. Therefore, it is recommended to report results in relevant measurement units which are practically relevant like the average number of points won by the home teams alongside the common standardized test statistics to make the effect more tangible