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Migrációs szándék: egészségügyi dolgozók attitűdjének vizsgálata négy szerbiai általános kórházban
Get PDFThe international migration of health professionals is a significant and complex problem at global level, both because of its negative impact on health systems and its indirect impact on countries' economic development. Understanding the factors that trigger migration is essential to identify and address the needs of the health system. The migration of health workers in Serbia could threaten the stability of the healthcare in the coming years. Given the surplus of doctors in Serbia, the current level of 'attrition' does not pose a direct threat to healthcare, but is associated with the outflow of highly skilled workers and experts, and the loss of knowledge. The main questions of my research among health care workers (n=395) in four public general hospitals in Serbia, concerning the intention of employees to emigrate, are: what are the factors that influence emigration most, what is the relationship between these factors and the respondents' position and gender, and what are the favourite destinations for emigration. 36.19% of respondents expressed an intention to emigrate. Western European and Northern European countries were the most popular destinations for emigration, while the lack of work ethics was identified as the most important factor influencing emigration, but there was a difference in the assessment of its impact between respondents of different job titles and gender. These findings may help policy makers to address gaps in national health system strategies.Az egészségügyi szakemberek nemzetközi migrációja jelentős és összetett probléma globális szinten, az egészségügyi rendszerekre gyakorolt negatív hatása, illetve az országok gazdasági fejlődésére való közvetett hatása miatt. Az egészségügyi rendszer szükségleteinek azonosításához és kezeléséhez elengedhetetlen az elvándorlást kiváltó tényezők megértése. A szerbiai egészségügyi dolgozók migrációja a következő években veszélyeztetheti az egészségügyi rendszer stabilitását. Tekintettel Szerbia orvostöbbletére, jelenleg a „lemorzsolódás” mértéke nem jelent közvetlen veszélyt az egészségügyi ellátásra nézve, viszont együtt jár a magasan képzett munkaerő és szakértők kivándorlásával, a tudás és készségek elvesztésével. Négy szerbiai állami általános kórház egészségügyi dolgozói (n=395) körében végzett, az alkalmazottak elvándorlási szándékát érintő kutatásom legfontosabb kérdései, hogy melyek az elvándorlást leginkább befolyásoló tényezők, milyen az összefüggés ezek a tényezők és a válaszadók beosztása, illetve neme között, valamint melyek a kivándorlási célországok. A válaszadók 36,19% elvándorlási szándékot fejezett ki. A legkedveltebb kivándorlási célpontként a nyugat-európai és északeurópai országok szerepelnek, míg a munkaetika hiánya lett megjelölve az elvándorlást leginkább befolyásoló tényezőként, viszont hatásának értékelésében eltérés észlelhető a válaszadók különböző munkahelyi beosztású és nemű csoportjai között. Ezek az eredmények segítséget jelenthetnek a politikai döntéshozók számára a nemzeti egészségügyi rendszer stratégiái hiányosságainak kezelésében
Ex-Post Territorial Impact Assessment of the European Union Funds Used in the 2014-2020 Programme Period
Get PDFSince its accession to the European Union (2004), Hungary has been allocated a considerable amount of EU funds intended to promote regional development and convergence. The first part of this study reviews the literature dealing with the use of EU funds. Then a developed model of ex-post impact assessments is presented. The validity of the model is examined based on the use of the cohesion resources in the 2014-2020 planning period in Mezőkövesd District, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Hungary. The results are presented in a spider-web diagram and quantified with the help of an aggregate index
Rurális stratégiák az urbanizáció korában. Az Érmellék példája
Get PDFWhen half of the world's population already resides in urban areas, it is important to understand what development directions rural areas are formulating and how they respond to the challenges caused by urbanization processes. Urbanization generally brings changes in the structure of the labor market, infrastructure, and the residential environment and community life. It is important to consider the impact of urbanization on various social groups, for example how the composition and dynamics of residential communities are changing, and how this affects inequalities and inclusiveness. Through analysis, we can gain a deeper understanding of the social consequences of urbanization. It is important to pay attention to what opportunities are available to promote social welfare. Examining the territorial cohesion, we analyzed the content of the development strategies for 2021-2027 in the 12 settlements of the sub-region of Bihar County from a social, mainly demographic and economic point of view. These can be considered the main factors affecting territorial cohesion.Amikor már a világ lakosságának a fele városokban él, fontos megérteni, hogy milyen fejlesztési irányokat fogalmaznak meg a vidéki térségek, és hogyan reagálnak az urbanizációs folyamatok által előidézett kihívásokra. Fontos figyelmet fordítani arra, hogy milyen lehetőségek állnak rendelkezésre a társadalmi jólét előmozdítása érdekében. A területi kohéziót vizsgálva Bihar megye érmelléki kistérségének 12 településén a 2021-2027-re szóló helyi fejlesztési stratégiák tartalmát elemeztük társadalmi, főképp demográfiai és gazdasági szempontból
Udvarhelyszék – a közigazgatás és a közélet története / Hermann Gusztáv Mihály, Zepeczaner Jenő, Elekes Tibor; Pro Print Könyvkiadó, Csíkszereda, 2016. p. 449.
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Agglomeration challenges among the municipalities of Győr
Get PDFThis paper presents the results of my research in the urban area of Győr. My research is based on semi-structured interviews with decision-makers (mayors, deputy mayors) and professional leaders (e.g. chief architects, notaries) of more than 10 municipalities.
The aim of the research was to typify, collect and analyse the challenges that municipalities face due to suburbanisation in a comparative analysis. Another important objective was to identify good practices, in particular to capture the specific challenges of different agglomeration municipalities.
In most cases, health, education and transport services are the most affected by growing population demand, while more affluent neighbourhoods are looking for better leisure, cultural and sports facilities. The integrated, vision-driven development of these emerging agglomeration areas is hampered by the funding structures and 'project mentality' of the municipalities studied. The main finding of my research is that medium-sized agglomeration municipalities face the main challenges in the study area, where everyday municipal management also poses significant challenges in everyday life
The Role and Sustainability of Social Enterprises in the Hungarian Economy
Get PDFThe economies of the Central and Eastern European countries have suffered a significant decline as a result of the geopolitical changes of 1989-90. A number of enterprises with low efficiency, obsolete technology and product structure closed down. The lack of new productive capacity led to a sharp rise in unemployment. The recession, inflation and employment problems particularly affected Hungary's regions. A series of social enterprises have been set up to improve employment in disadvantaged municipalities, as a result of local and government initiatives. In their study, the authors review their spatial distribution, their impact on the local economy and society, and the challenges related to the sustainability of their operations
Before Russo-Ukrainian War: How Did EU-Ukraine Association Agreement of 2014 Transform Ukraine’s Economy?
Get PDFIn this paper is tried to identify, if exists, any degree of qualitative divergence in Ukraine’s economic structure before and after the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement, and examine whether the agreement fulfilled its promises. The way in which we investigate the issue is by employing ADL modelling, bifurcating the whole model as before agreement model (BAM) and after agreement model (AAM). It’s been observed severe disruptions in the structure of export, import and foreign direct investment, transformed Ukraine’s economy into less favorable position, aggravating the economy’s weak spots. Under these considerations, hypothesis that EU-Ukraine Association Agreement is transformative in the unpromising sense, and it has been of no little effect in building up new and unfavorable economic paradigm for Ukraine is scientifically substantiated
Edge detection of tomographic images using traditional and deep learning tools
Get PDFEdge detection is regularly used as a fundamental operation for correctly identifying and measuring some required features. In a grey-level image, an area where the grey-level value moves from a high value to a low value or vice versa is considered an edge. Edges are indicative of a boundary between an object and a background or between two objects. Consequently, edge detection in earth sciences is an important tool for locating geological features and determining their shapes and sizes. Edge detection usually forms a part of the geophysical interpretation or inversion procedure. Seismic tomography is a straightforward field of applying edge detection because the tomogram can be directly considered as an image. In the tomographic reconstruction of seismic travel time data, care must be taken to keep the propagation of data errors to the model space under control. The noise - especially the outliers in the data sets - can cause appreciable distortions in the tomographic imaging. To reduce the noise sensitivity well-developed tomography algorithms can be used. On the other hand, the quality of the tomogram can further be improved by using image processing tools. This is especially important in edge detection, as it is extremely sensitive to noise. In the paper, we present two ways to find robust edge detection. At first, remaining in the framework of traditional image processing a robust Cauchy–Steiner filter is used to improve the quality of edge detection in tomographic images. In the second part of the paper Deep Learning algorithm developed for edge detection is shown and investigating its noise sensitivity the robustness of the method is demonstrated
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FROM BIOMIMETIC APPROACH
Get PDFDuring the past millions of years since the beginning of our world, nature has created structures that are resistant to the various effects of the environment. However, these natural structures are quite complicated, so their production and artificial reproducibility with the tools of traditional manufacturing technology is a very difficult task. However, even complex structures can be produced relatively easily with the help of additive manufacturing. Using topological optimization techniques, lattice structure models with excellent mechanical characteristics can be created, which can be easily manufactured by exploiting the advantages of additive manufacturing. Applying natural structures (biomimetic approach) during topological optimization and produce the solution by additive manufacturing, light and high-strength structural alternatives can be created, any further structural analyses can be done
CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONTACT ZONE OF A HELICAL CYLINDRICAL EXTERNAL GEAR PAIR WITH STRAIGHT TOP LAND MERIDIANS
Get PDFThe study deals with the construction of the contact zone of helical cylindrical external gears. The shape and size of the contact zone determine the phenomena that occur even in the case of error-free tooth design, installation error exemption and load-induced error exemption Such a phenomenon is the vibration excitation resulting from the connection, which also affects the identification of the drive elements. It is possible to deviate from the regular rectangular shape of the contact zone by modifying the top land surfaces. The change can mean a combination of the change in the total length of the contacting generating lines and the change in the contact ratio. This study deals with the construction of the generalized contact zone