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Numerical modeling of single-point incremental sheet metal forming of 3003-O aluminum alloy
Get PDFIncremental sheet metal forming processes have demonstrated promising results in shaping symmetric, asymmetric, and highly complex forms. Their flexibility and reliability have garnered attention across various application areas. In this research, numerical modeling was conducted to investigate incremental sheet metal forming processes, particularly single-point incremental forming (SPIF). An aluminum sheet was used in the forming process. The results were compared with experimental data, showing reasonable agreement. The forming force in the out-of-plane direction was significantly higher than the forming force components in the x- and y-axes. Additionally, it was found that the stress distribution exhibited an asymmetric evolution.Incremental sheet metal forming processes have demonstrated promising results in shaping symmetric, asymmetric, and highly complex forms. Their flexibility and reliability have garnered attention across various application areas. In this research, numerical modeling was conducted to investigate incremental sheet metal forming processes, particularly single-point incremental forming (SPIF). An aluminum sheet was used in the forming process. The results were compared with experimental data, showing reasonable agreement. The forming force in the out-of-plane direction was significantly higher than the forming force components in the x- and y-axes. Additionally, it was found that the stress distribution exhibited an asymmetric evolution
Temperature-dependent solid material properties of GRCop-42 for an additively manufactured liquid rocket engine LOx cooling channel
Get PDFRecent technological developments in the field of Additive Manufacturing (AM) provide a number of opportunities for the utilisation of high-performance copper alloys for aerospace applications. The additively manufactured LOx/LNG DemoP1 aerospike engine demonstrator designed by Pangea Aerospace is a characteristic example based on the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology. The aerospike engine thrust chamber and LOx cooling channels are manufactured using GRCop-42 material powder, a Cu-Cr-Nb based copper alloy developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for the regenerative cooling technology of high thermal demand thrust chambers and nozzles. In the current work temperature-dependent correlations are derived for the density, specific heat capacity at constant pressure and thermal conductivity of the GRCop-42 material. The correlations for the solid material properties are then introduced into the ANSYS Fluent 2023 R2 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package and their capabilities are investigated for the characterisation of the flow-field characteristics of the LOx flow in the cooling channel. The numerical solution of the coolant flow in the AM cooling channel is compared against experimental data of the DemoP1 engine demonstrator. The main objective of this study is to provide a realistic physical description of the temperature-dependent properties of the AM solid material in high heat flux applications where the material properties are mostly considered as constant in previous studies.Recent technological developments in the field of Additive Manufacturing (AM) provide a number of opportunities for the utilisation of high-performance copper alloys for aerospace applications. The additively manufactured LOx/LNG DemoP1 aerospike engine demonstrator designed by Pangea Aerospace is a characteristic example based on the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology. The aerospike engine thrust chamber and LOx cooling channels are manufactured using GRCop-42 material powder, a Cu-Cr-Nb based copper alloy developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for the regenerative cooling technology of high thermal demand thrust chambers and nozzles. In the current work temperature-dependent correlations are derived for the density, specific heat capacity at constant pressure and thermal conductivity of the GRCop-42 material. The correlations for the solid material properties are then introduced into the ANSYS Fluent 2023 R2 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package and their capabilities are investigated for the characterisation of the flow-field characteristics of the LOx flow in the cooling channel. The numerical solution of the coolant flow in the AM cooling channel is compared against experimental data of the DemoP1 engine demonstrator. The main objective of this study is to provide a realistic physical description of the temperature-dependent properties of the AM solid material in high heat flux applications where the material properties are mostly considered as constant in previous studies
Camus’s stage adaptation of Dostoevsky’s demons
Get PDFThis article aims to explore Albert Camus’s concept of „revolt” and how it was distinct from „nihilism”. Additionally, it will examine the ways in which it came to expression on the stage, specifically in his 1959 adaptation of Dostoevsky’s Demons. The structure of the article will be as follows: 1) Introduction, 2) the connection between Camus’s concept of revolt on the one hand and his distaste for surrealism and the theatre of the absurd on the other hand, 3) Dostoevsky’s and Camus’s ideas of nihilism will be compared, its nature, root causes and antidote, as well as 4) ) why Camus thought Dostoevsky’s vision of nihilism was still relevant nearly a century later.This article aims to explore Albert Camus’s concept of „revolt” and how it was distinct from „nihilism”. Additionally, it will examine the ways in which it came to expression on the stage, specifically in his 1959 adaptation of Dostoevsky’s Demons. The structure of the article will be as follows: 1) Introduction, 2) the connection between Camus’s concept of revolt on the one hand and his distaste for surrealism and the theatre of the absurd on the other hand, 3) Dostoevsky’s and Camus’s ideas of nihilism will be compared, its nature, root causes and antidote, as well as 4) ) why Camus thought Dostoevsky’s vision of nihilism was still relevant nearly a century later
A hazai drónszabályozás múltja, jelene és jövője
Get PDFThe regulation of unmanned aircraft in our country has been a long time coming. Following the entry into force of EU regulations in 2019, there was an urgent need to issue national legislation. Several years of codification work have preceded the process that will settle the rules on the categorisation and use of unmanned aircraft. The new regulations have introduced significant changes that regulate use and oblige the user to comply with the rules in order to maintain an adequate level of aviation safety. The new rules have fundamentally changed the way drones are used. And the future will be built on the consolidated foundations of these rules, with the designers, builders, users, financiers and legislators of unmanned aircraft working together to help each other.Hazánk pilóta nélküli légijármű-szabályozása jó ideje váratott magára. A 2019-ben megjelent uniós rendeletek hatálybalépését követően nagyon is sürgető volt a nemzeti szabályozás kibocsátása. Többéves kodifikációs munka előzte meg azt a folyamatot, amely a pilóta nélküli légi járművekkel kapcsolatos kategorizálási és felhasználási szabályokat rendezi. Az új előírások jelentős változásokat hívtak életre, amelyek a felhasználást szabályozzák, és kötelezik a felhasználót a szabályok betartására, a megfelelő szintű repülésbiztonság fenntartása érdekében. Az új szabályok alapjaiban változtatták meg a drónhasználatot. A jövőt pedig ezeknek a szabályzóknak a megszilárdított alapzatára építi a pilóta nélküli légi járműveket tervezők, készítők, felhasználók, finanszírozók és a jogszabályi keretet megalkotók együttesen, egymást segítve
Investigation of the explosive atmospheres extent of hydrogen and methane gas mixtures by calculation and FLACS-CFD simulation
Get PDFExplosive atmosphere is defined as a mixture of dangerous substances with air, under atmospheric conditions, in the form of gases, vapours, mist or dust in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture. Methane-hydrogen mixtures will become more and more important for energy use in the near future. It has many positive economic and environmental benefits, while the risk of explosion is partly forgotten. It is necessary to identify hazardous areas in the interpretation of technological equipment. The applicable standard, EN IEC 60079-10-1:2020, defines the extent of the explosive atmosphere and zones for a given material, but does not cover mixtures. The objective of the study is to determine the explosive hazard areas of different mixtures of hydrogen and natural gas (methane), by adding additional possible relationships to the initial equations of the standard, and to compare them with the results of the models built in the FLACS-CFD simulation.Explosive atmosphere is defined as a mixture of dangerous substances with air, under atmospheric conditions, in the form of gases, vapours, mist or dust in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture. Methane-hydrogen mixtures will become more and more important for energy use in the near future. It has many positive economic and environmental benefits, while the risk of explosion is partly forgotten. It is necessary to identify hazardous areas in the interpretation of technological equipment. The applicable standard, EN IEC 60079-10-1:2020, defines the extent of the explosive atmosphere and zones for a given material, but does not cover mixtures. The objective of the study is to determine the explosive hazard areas of different mixtures of hydrogen and natural gas (methane), by adding additional possible relationships to the initial equations of the standard, and to compare them with the results of the models built in the FLACS-CFD simulation
A mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazásának lehetőségei a munkavédelemben
Get PDFAlthough software based on artificial intelligence has been around for some time, the technology has only in recent years come to the fore and is slowly becoming part of our everyday lives. Artificial intelligence is essentially a field that the development of various IT systems. These systems can solve problems in a way that is similar to human thinking. Artificial intelligence is currently evolving rapidly and all industries are trying to exploit its potential to increase efficiency. The aim of our research is to provide an overview of the AI in the field of occupational safety and health. To achieve this, we briefly the different stages in the development of artificial intelligence and the evolution of AI in the field of general functioning of artificial intelligence. In the second part of the study, we describe how how artificial intelligence can contribute to improving the effectiveness of OSH effectiveness. Through concrete examples, we will present the potential of AI has in this area.Bár a mesterséges intelligencián alapuló szoftverek már jó ideje léteznek, a technológia csak az utóbbi években került előtérbe, és lassan mindennapi életünk részévé válik. A mesterséges intelligencia lényegében egy olyan terület, amely a különböző informatikai rendszerek fejlesztését jelenti. Ezek a rendszerek az emberi gondolkodáshoz hasonló módon képesek problémákat megoldani. A mesterséges intelligencia jelenleg gyorsan fejlődik, és minden iparág igyekszik kihasználni a benne rejlő lehetőségeket a hatékonyság növelése érdekében. Kutatásunk célja, hogy áttekintést nyújtson a mesterséges intelligenciáról a munkavédelem területén. Ennek érdekében röviden bemutatjuk a mesterséges intelligencia fejlődésének különböző szakaszait és a mesterséges intelligencia fejlődését a mesterséges intelligencia általános működésének területén. A tanulmány második részében bemutatjuk, hogy a mesterséges intelligencia hogyan járulhat hozzá a munkavédelmi hatékonyság javításához. Konkrét példákon keresztül mutatjuk be, hogy milyen lehetőségek rejlenek a mesterséges intelligenciában ezen a területen
A SZOCIÁLIS BIZTONSÁG SZEREPE A FOGYATÉKOSSÁGGAL ÉLŐ GYERMEKEK ÉLETÉBEN
Get PDFIf there were degrees of vulnerability, we could say that children with disabilities are the most vulnerable in the world. An adequate level of social security ensures a decent life for all members of society, including children with disabilities. Social protection for all is a fundamental condition for social and economic development. In this paper, we take a childsensitive and life-cycle approach to social protection in order to propose principles for the design of social protection systems for persons and children with disabilities, which will also serve as a basis for analysing and designing national disability policies.Ha a kiszolgáltatottságnak lennének fokozatai, azt mondhatnánk, hogy a fogyatékkal élő gyermekek a legkiszolgáltatottabbak a világon. A megfelelő szintű szociális biztonság a társadalom minden tagja számára, beleértve a fogyatékkal élő gyermekeket is, tisztességes életet biztosít. A szociális védelem mindenki számára a társadalmi és gazdasági fejlődés alapvető feltétele. Jelen tanulmányban a szociális védelem gyermekérzékeny és életciklus-alapú megközelítésével foglalkozunk annak érdekében, hogy a fogyatékkal élő személyek és gyermekek részére olyan szociális védelmi rendszer kialakítási elvekre tegyünk javaslatot, amely mentén a nemzeti fogyatékosságpolitikák is elemezhetővé és tervezhetőbbé válnak
The procedural legal status of migrants transported by smugglers in European jurisprudence
Get PDFIn this paper, we present the approach of criminology and criminal procedure law to migrant smuggling, a phenomenon that is also significant at the European level. The characteristics of migrant smuggling as defined by the UN Protocol are presented, followed by the responses at the European level and the most recent statistics. The procedural status of smuggled persons, their status as victims, witnesses or perpetrators (suspected or accused), and the approach taken by the different branches of law are also discussed. After that, we summarize the results of our research conducted in the spring of 2024 with the cooperation of EUROJUST and Legicoop members. The following research questions were formulated, concerning the procedural status of migrants transported by smugglers in their countries
In criminal cases of migrant smuggling, what is the procedural position of the person transported by the migrant smuggler? (victim, witness, instigator, abettor) Are there any individual criminal proceedings or other (i.e. administrative, misdemeanour) procedures against the person transported by the migrant smuggler?In most European countries, migrants are considered victims of migrant smuggling and in the criminal proceedings that have been initiated, they take the position of victims: at most they are questioned as witnesses. Due to illegal border crossing, no separate criminal proceedings are usually initiated against them, most of the time these cases are resolved within the framework of public administrative proceedings.In this paper, we present the approach of criminology and criminal procedure law to migrant smuggling, a phenomenon that is also significant at the European level. The characteristics of migrant smuggling as defined by the UN Protocol are presented, followed by the responses at the European level and the most recent statistics. The procedural status of smuggled persons, their status as victims, witnesses or perpetrators (suspected or accused), and the approach taken by the different branches of law are also discussed. After that, we summarize the results of our research conducted in the spring of 2024 with the cooperation of EUROJUST and Legicoop members. The following research questions were formulated, concerning the procedural status of migrants transported by smugglers in their countries
In criminal cases of migrant smuggling, what is the procedural position of the person transported by the migrant smuggler? (victim, witness, instigator, abettor) Are there any individual criminal proceedings or other (i.e. administrative, misdemeanour) procedures against the person transported by the migrant smuggler?In most European countries, migrants are considered victims of migrant smuggling and in the criminal proceedings that have been initiated, they take the position of victims: at most they are questioned as witnesses. Due to illegal border crossing, no separate criminal proceedings are usually initiated against them, most of the time these cases are resolved within the framework of public administrative proceedings.In this paper, we present the approach of criminology and criminal procedure law to migrant smuggling, a phenomenon that is also significant at the European level. The characteristics of migrant smuggling as defined by the UN Protocol are presented, followed by the responses at the European level and the most recent statistics. The procedural status of smuggled persons, their status as victims, witnesses or perpetrators (suspected or accused), and the approach taken by the different branches of law are also discussed. After that, we summarize the results of our research conducted in the spring of 2024 with the cooperation of EUROJUST and Legicoop members. The following research questions were formulated, concerning the procedural status of migrants transported by smugglers in their countries
In criminal cases of migrant smuggling, what is the procedural position of the person transported by the migrant smuggler? (victim, witness, instigator, abettor) Are there any individual criminal proceedings or other (i.e. administrative, misdemeanour) procedures against the person transported by the migrant smuggler?In most European countries, migrants are considered victims of migrant smuggling and in the criminal proceedings that have been initiated, they take the position of victims: at most they are questioned as witnesses. Due to illegal border crossing, no separate criminal proceedings are usually initiated against them, most of the time these cases are resolved within the framework of public administrative proceedings
Role of the family in the socialisation of children: Relevant sociological research in Hungary
Get PDFThe number of children in Hungary has been steadily decreasing in the recent decades, which poses serious demographic challenges for the country. According to the latest statistics, the decrease in the number of children is not only a consequence of the relatively low number of births, but is also related to the aging of the population and the changing values among young people.
The socialization and rights of children are closely related to the family environment, educational institutions and social interactions. The socialization of children begins in the family, where the parent-child relationship plays a fundamental role in the development of the personality. Family parenting styles, such as supportive or authoritarian approaches, have a significant impact on children's socialization processes and their later quality of life.
The protection of children's rights is also crucial during socialization processes. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes the rights of children, including the right to freedom of expression, the right to family life and the provision of an appropriate educational environment.
During the process of family socialization, children learn social behaviors not only from the close family environment, but also from broader family relationships, which are particularly emphasized in large families. In large families, children can see more examples, which enriches their socialization experiences and helps them develop social skills.
Family customs, patterns and norms, from religiosity to financial decision-making, also have a significant impact on children's future lives. In addition, family socialization affects not only children's development, but also interactions between families and social structures. During family life education, children learn how social relationships work and how to navigate different social situations. In large families, shared experiences and family traditions further strengthen family identity, which plays a decisive role in their later (adult) lives.The number of children in Hungary has been steadily decreasing in the recent decades, which poses serious demographic challenges for the country. According to the latest statistics, the decrease in the number of children is not only a consequence of the relatively low number of births, but is also related to the aging of the population and the changing values among young people.
The socialization and rights of children are closely related to the family environment, educational institutions and social interactions. The socialization of children begins in the family, where the parent-child relationship plays a fundamental role in the development of the personality. Family parenting styles, such as supportive or authoritarian approaches, have a significant impact on children's socialization processes and their later quality of life.
The protection of children's rights is also crucial during socialization processes. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes the rights of children, including the right to freedom of expression, the right to family life and the provision of an appropriate educational environment.
During the process of family socialization, children learn social behaviors not only from the close family environment, but also from broader family relationships, which are particularly emphasized in large families. In large families, children can see more examples, which enriches their socialization experiences and helps them develop social skills.
Family customs, patterns and norms, from religiosity to financial decision-making, also have a significant impact on children's future lives. In addition, family socialization affects not only children's development, but also interactions between families and social structures. During family life education, children learn how social relationships work and how to navigate different social situations. In large families, shared experiences and family traditions further strengthen family identity, which plays a decisive role in their later (adult) lives.The number of children in Hungary has been steadily decreasing in the recent decades, which poses serious demographic challenges for the country. According to the latest statistics, the decrease in the number of children is not only a consequence of the relatively low number of births, but is also related to the aging of the population and the changing values among young people.
The socialization and rights of children are closely related to the family environment, educational institutions and social interactions. The socialization of children begins in the family, where the parent-child relationship plays a fundamental role in the development of the personality. Family parenting styles, such as supportive or authoritarian approaches, have a significant impact on children's socialization processes and their later quality of life.
The protection of children's rights is also crucial during socialization processes. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes the rights of children, including the right to freedom of expression, the right to family life and the provision of an appropriate educational environment.
During the process of family socialization, children learn social behaviors not only from the close family environment, but also from broader family relationships, which are particularly emphasized in large families. In large families, children can see more examples, which enriches their socialization experiences and helps them develop social skills.
Family customs, patterns and norms, from religiosity to financial decision-making, also have a significant impact on children's future lives. In addition, family socialization affects not only children's development, but also interactions between families and social structures. During family life education, children learn how social relationships work and how to navigate different social situations. In large families, shared experiences and family traditions further strengthen family identity, which plays a decisive role in their later (adult) lives
Szemelvények a lex mercatoria történetéből
Get PDFThis paper aims to present the development, historical context and foundations of the lex mercatoria, from antiquity to the modern version. From the ancient Greco-Roman rules to the flourishing trading cities, the great discoveries and the industrial revolution have all influenced the development of that autonomous body of law that forms the basis of today's international trade.Jelen tanulmány a lex mercatoria kialakulását, történeti összefüggéseit, alapjait kívánja bemutatni, az ókortól kezdve a modern változat létrejöttéig. Az antik görög-római szabályokon nyugodva a virágzó kereskedővárosokon tát a nagy felfedezések és az ipari forradalom mind-mind hatással voltak az autonóm joganyag fejlődésére, amely a mai nemzetközi kereskedelemnek is alapját képezi