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Mental Health Challenges of Refugee Children
Get PDFWorldwide, the number of refugee children and youth is staggering. It is well-documented that refugee children face various types and varying extents of mental health challenges. Providing an overview of the mental health challenges that this population faces, this chapter discusses the current mental health status of refugee children through the lens of prominent psychological theories. A psychosocial approach to human development is introduced, moving beyond the traditional approach of diagnosis and treatment of mental health symptoms, adopting a holistic ecological approach targeting both risk and resilience factors that promote sustainable mental health and well-being in refugee children. Through the motivational theory of human needs, refugee children’s needs are outlined as their basic human rights, offering a rationale for comprehensive mental health services to be provided at the individual, family, and community levels. With the overarching aim of promoting complete mental health of refugee children towards a state of well-being, a system of interventions is outlined, which considers the complex needs of these children and their families. A family is a system of its own; however, it is also a subsystem within a larger societal system. A subsystem can thrive only if, at the societal level, an open-minded, prejudice-free, and tolerant approach is adopted towards refugee children and their families. Each child is primarily a child with human rights and deserves to thrive in a psychologically healthy environment to have a chance to achieve positive life outcomes.Worldwide, the number of refugee children and youth is staggering. It is well-documented that refugee children face various types and varying extents of mental health challenges. Providing an overview of the mental health challenges that this population faces, this chapter discusses the current mental health status of refugee children through the lens of prominent psychological theories. A psychosocial approach to human development is introduced, moving beyond the traditional approach of diagnosis and treatment of mental health symptoms, adopting a holistic ecological approach targeting both risk and resilience factors that promote sustainable mental health and well-being in refugee children. Through the motivational theory of human needs, refugee children’s needs are outlined as their basic human rights, offering a rationale for comprehensive mental health services to be provided at the individual, family, and community levels. With the overarching aim of promoting complete mental health of refugee children towards a state of well-being, a system of interventions is outlined, which considers the complex needs of these children and their families. A family is a system of its own; however, it is also a subsystem within a larger societal system. A subsystem can thrive only if, at the societal level, an open-minded, prejudice-free, and tolerant approach is adopted towards refugee children and their families. Each child is primarily a child with human rights and deserves to thrive in a psychologically healthy environment to have a chance to achieve positive life outcomes.Worldwide, the number of refugee children and youth is staggering. It is well-documented that refugee children face various types and varying extents of mental health challenges. Providing an overview of the mental health challenges that this population faces, this chapter discusses the current mental health status of refugee children through the lens of prominent psychological theories. A psychosocial approach to human development is introduced, moving beyond the traditional approach of diagnosis and treatment of mental health symptoms, adopting a holistic ecological approach targeting both risk and resilience factors that promote sustainable mental health and well-being in refugee children. Through the motivational theory of human needs, refugee children’s needs are outlined as their basic human rights, offering a rationale for comprehensive mental health services to be provided at the individual, family, and community levels. With the overarching aim of promoting complete mental health of refugee children towards a state of well-being, a system of interventions is outlined, which considers the complex needs of these children and their families. A family is a system of its own; however, it is also a subsystem within a larger societal system. A subsystem can thrive only if, at the societal level, an open-minded, prejudice-free, and tolerant approach is adopted towards refugee children and their families. Each child is primarily a child with human rights and deserves to thrive in a psychologically healthy environment to have a chance to achieve positive life outcomes
New Types of Higher Airspace Flight Operations and Their Legal Challenges
Get PDFThe absence of an internationally recognised legal boundary between airspace and outer space has long been acknowledged but has seldom resulted in practical operational issues. This was largely due to the clear technological distinctions between air and space activities. However, advancement in materials, propulsion and manufacturing technologies now enable operations in the transition zone between conventional aerial flight and spaceflight. It is only a matter of time before activities in this specific region around our Earth will be facing legal challenges. The lack of clear legal delimitation between outer space and airspace does not stem from an absence of natural phenomena that could define such a boundary but rather the existence of multiple valid criteria, each of which has counterarguments. To address this issue, it is proposed that an intermediate or transition zone be codified to establish a secure legal framework for these emerging higher airspace operations. Such a framework would provide legal security for investors, while fostering research, development and innovation. Although this measure would not resolve all legal ambiguities concerning spaceflight, it could alleviate challenges faced by developers and operators of stratospheric, mesospheric, and lower thermospheric flight technologies. This article explores practical examples and the technological contexts of these operations to inform developers about regulatory developments.The absence of an internationally recognised legal boundary between airspace and outer space has long been acknowledged but has seldom resulted in practical operational issues. This was largely due to the clear technological distinctions between air and space activities. However, advancement in materials, propulsion and manufacturing technologies now enable operations in the transition zone between conventional aerial flight and spaceflight. It is only a matter of time before activities in this specific region around our Earth will be facing legal challenges. The lack of clear legal delimitation between outer space and airspace does not stem from an absence of natural phenomena that could define such a boundary but rather the existence of multiple valid criteria, each of which has counterarguments. To address this issue, it is proposed that an intermediate or transition zone be codified to establish a secure legal framework for these emerging higher airspace operations. Such a framework would provide legal security for investors, while fostering research, development and innovation. Although this measure would not resolve all legal ambiguities concerning spaceflight, it could alleviate challenges faced by developers and operators of stratospheric, mesospheric, and lower thermospheric flight technologies. This article explores practical examples and the technological contexts of these operations to inform developers about regulatory developments.The absence of an internationally recognised legal boundary between airspace and outer space has long been acknowledged but has seldom resulted in practical operational issues. This was largely due to the clear technological distinctions between air and space activities. However, advancement in materials, propulsion and manufacturing technologies now enable operations in the transition zone between conventional aerial flight and spaceflight. It is only a matter of time before activities in this specific region around our Earth will be facing legal challenges. The lack of clear legal delimitation between outer space and airspace does not stem from an absence of natural phenomena that could define such a boundary but rather the existence of multiple valid criteria, each of which has counterarguments. To address this issue, it is proposed that an intermediate or transition zone be codified to establish a secure legal framework for these emerging higher airspace operations. Such a framework would provide legal security for investors, while fostering research, development and innovation. Although this measure would not resolve all legal ambiguities concerning spaceflight, it could alleviate challenges faced by developers and operators of stratospheric, mesospheric, and lower thermospheric flight technologies. This article explores practical examples and the technological contexts of these operations to inform developers about regulatory developments
A vad és gépjármű ütközéséből eredő károkért való felelősség aktuális kérdései
Get PDFThe paper examines the issues of liability for damage caused by collision between an animal living in the wild and a motor vehicle. The study scrutinizes all the circumstances which, according to judicial practice, give rise to the liability of the parties to the incident: the conduct falling within the scope of attributability (culpability) and responsibility for the malfunction that contributed to causing the damage. It examines the possible effects of the amendment on existing case law and draws attention to possible problems of interpretation of the amending text.Jelen tanulmány a vadon élő állatok (vad) és gépjármű ütközése következtében felmerülő károkért való felelősség kérdéseit vizsgálja. A tanulmány feltárja mindazokat a körülményeket, amelyek a bírói gyakorlat szerint az vadütközésben érintett felek felelősségét megalapozhatják: a jogszabály utaló szabálya folytán a felróhatóság (vétkesség) körébe tartozó magatartásokat és a fokozott veszéllyel járó tevékenység körében felmerülő rendellenességet megalapozó körülményeket. E körben megvizsgálja a módosítás lehetséges hatásait a fennálló bírói gyakorlatra és felhívja a figyelmet a módosító szöveg lehetséges értelmezési problémáira is
Novotni Zoltán gondolatainak továbbhatása a biztosítási jogban – az európai jogfejlődés sodrásában
Get PDFThe aim of our study is to recall and reweave the ideas of Professor Zoltán Novotni, based on his academic work in the field of insurance law, and to point out the main changes that have taken place since the year of his death, 1993. In his forward-looking ideas, he recognised the need for competition, the internationalisation of insurance, and called for an insurance act, modernising the rules on insurance. In his handbook, but also in a number of studies, he analyses the specific features of the insurance relationship, with liability insurance in particular being at the centre of his thoughts. We have only the opportunity to recall a small part of his academic work and to examine its impact through changes in the legal, technical environment in the current of European legal development.Számomra mindig megmagyarázhatatlan izgalmat jelent abban a kincses ládában „kutakodni”, amelyet Novotni Zoltán szellemisége hagyott ránk. Feltódulnak az emlékek, Zoli, Zoli„bácsi” emléke, aki oly közel állt hozzánk, fel sem merült közöttünk, hogy „professzor úrnak”vagy „dékán úrnak” kellene szólítanunk. Látni vélem, amint táska írógépén, két ujjal, utánozhatatlan sebességgel papírra veti gondolatait és – bajuszát a jól ismert mozdulattal végigsimítva – megjelenik arcán a megelégedettség mosolya… Professzorunk figyelő tekintetét, a kollektívát összetartó „atyai-baráti” szeretetét nemcsak a szoros munkakapcsolatban érezhettük, hanem a számtalan baráti-családi összejöveteleken, a mindig a lényegre koncentráló, sokszor az egyetemen kívül, hétvégi otthonában megtartott, oldott hangulatú tanszéki, intézeti rendezvényeken vagy akárcsak az egyetemi folyosón megállva és eszmét cserélve, vagy éppen magánéleti gondjainkat megosztva, amelyre mindig, mindenkivel volt ideje. Lehetetlen felidézni azt a szakmai, emberi kapcsolatot, légkört, tiszteletet, amelyben éltünk, dolgoztunk, amely körülölelte fiatal kollégái által, és amelynek kisugárzását, hiányát – bár már csak néhányan közülünk -, de ma is érezzük. Tanulmányunkkal tisztelgünk a kivételes EMBER, jogtudós múlhatatlan emléke előtt
A gyorsított eljárás és a sürgősségi előzetes döntéshozatali eljárás az ítélkezési gyakorlatban
Get PDFThe procedures of the Court of Justice of the European Union are quite time-consuming. Of the two courts, the cumulative average for the Court of Justice was 17 months in 2023, compared with 18 months for the General Court. EU law offers three possibilities for faster procedures. The oldest and the the least regulated of these is the priority procedure. The most widely used is the expedited procedure. Finally, the fastest is the urgent preliminary ruling procedure. The study describes the regulatory background and practical application of the last two special procedures.Az Európai Unió Bíróságának eljárásai meglehetősen időigényesek. A két igazságszolgáltatási fórum közül a Bíróság eljárásainak összesített átlaga 2023-ban 17 hónap volt, míg a Törvényszéknél 18 hónap. Gyorsabb eljárásokra az uniós jog három lehetőséget kínál. Ezek a közül a legrégebbi, de legkevésbé szabályozott a soron kívüli eljárás. A legszélesebb körben alkalmazható a gyorsított eljárás. Végül a leggyorsabb a sürgősségi előzetes döntéshozatali eljárás. A tanulmány bemutatja az utóbbi két különleges eljárás szabályozási hátterét és gyakorlati alkalmazását
Industry 5.0. Present or Future?
Get PDFIndustry 5.0 represents a significant evolution in industrial development, building upon the technological foundations of Industry 4.0. Highlighting human-centric and sustainable approaches, Industry 5.0 aims to integrate human creativity and technology seamlessly. While previous industrial revolutions were marked by technological advancements –such as steam engines, electricity, and digital transformation– Industry 5.0 emphasizes the synergy between humans and machines. This collaboration is expected to drive production efficiency and ethical practices in industry, creating a more resilient and human-focused future. This paper investigates the need of education systems to prepare the students to i5.0
BRI and the changing world order
Get PDFChina celebrating the 10 anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative what was born as an economical cooperation, but after 10 years we can realize that the BRI is more than that. Capitalizing on their political and economic achievements in the 21st century, Asian countries are calling for a new world order. We are witnessing the emergence of a new multipolar and multicultural world order, but little has been said about the structure of this new system. China can offer many countries a new alternative for cooperation, thanks to the success of the Belt and Road Initiative, which can be seen as a framework for a new world order. In my study, through an analysis of China's vision of world order and a look beyond Western thinking, I examine whether the Belt and Road can indeed be the foundation of a new world order
Strategic autonomy of the EU in the light of CSDP and the changing world order
Get PDFThe development of the European Union’s activity as a security actor is closely linked to the need for global capacity for action in this domain, with a clearly “softer” role definition than NATO, which is derived from a collective security concept. The aim of this study is to identify how and under what circumstances the European Union’s self-definition in the field of security and defense policy has evolved, how it has attempted to make the EU be present in the changing world order as an independent actor asserting its strategic autonomy with a specific voice. The paper looks back not only on the development of the EU security and defense policy, but also highlights the two decades of Hungarian operational involvement in it. Our central assumption is that the strengthening of the EU’s strategic autonomy, in which CSDP is one of the core instruments, cannot be avoided amid the challenges of the modern era if the EU wants to preserve its competitiveness and adaptive responsiveness
A szervezeti kultúra jelenségének és a vezetői magatartás szerepe a COVID-19 után a szervezetek menedzselésében
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to point out the outstanding impact of the behavior of those in leadership roles by means of a secondary analysis of the results of a previous research. Behaviors exert their effects through various organizational phenomena, and we have learned a lot about their connection during research over the past decades. Now we looked for the answer to whether this more effective organization is really created as a result of a stronger culture (and through its indirect or direct results, such as - employee satisfaction, organizational culture dimensions, leadership role interpretation). After the COVID period, these organizational phenomena will be even more appreciated, which the management of the organizations need to deal with. I consider a weak culture to be one of the greatest enemies of performance and the basis of emigration.A tanulmány célja egy korábbi kutatás eredményének secunder elemzésével rámutasson arra, hogy milyen kiemelkedő hatása van a vezető szerepben lévők viselkedésének. A viselkedések különböző szervezeti jelenségeken keresztül fejtik ki hatásukat, és ezek összefüggéséről sokat megtudtunk az elmúlt évtizedek kutatásai során. Most arra kerestük a választ, hogy valóban az erősebb kultúra (és annak közvetetten, vagy közvetlenül mutató eredményein keresztül, úgymint - szervezeti elégedettség, szervezeti kultúra dimenziók, vezetői szerepértelmezés) következményeként létrejön e hatékonyabb szervezet. A COVID időszak után még jobban felértékelődnek ezen szervezeti jelenségek, amelyekkel foglalkozni szükséges a szervezetek vezetésének. A gyenge kultúrát tartom a teljesítmény egyik legnagyobb ellenségének és az elvándorlás alapjának
Conduct analysis of hospitality organisations
Get PDFTourism and the hospitality industry that organically joins it are of decisive economic importance worldwide, about 10% of the Hungarian working population works in this sector. The aim of our research is to present the structure of the organizations in the sector, focusing on the different perspectives of managers and subordinates in relation to decision-making, responsibility issues, subordination relations and sustainability. Decision making during operation is important for the successful operation of organizations, so it is necessary for managers to understand the factors that influence the decisions of their subordinates. Although decision-making is always the responsibility of the leader, in an ever-changing, evolving sector that requires quick response is a decisive success factor. Data was collected by conducting in-depth interviews on site in the summer of 2024, during which we interviewed the manager of the catering establishments separately and an employee of our choice