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Evaluating Process Discovery From Loop Structures
Get PDFModern organizations increasingly rely on sophisticated information systems to manage their business processes, generating detailed event logs that record key activities. Process mining, and specifically process discovery, utilizes these event logs to construct models that represent the underlying processes. Effective process discovery is crucial for organizations to gain insights into their operations, identify inefficiencies, and drive continuous improvement. This study evaluates the capability of four process discovery algorithms – Alpha Miner, Heuristics Miner, ILP Miner, and Inductive Miner – in handling complex workflow patterns, particularly those involving intricate loop and nested control-flow structures. By generating synthetic event logs and applying the PM4Py library, we assess the algorithms' performance using metrics such as fitness, precision, generalization, and simplicity. Our results highlight the strengths and limitations of each algorithm, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field
RESEARCHING THE GEOMETRIC LIMITS OF 3D LASER SCANNING
Get PDFThe paper presents the geometrical properties of those surfaces that can be digitized by 3D laser scanners. First the circumstances of the experiment are described. The device (Roland LPX-1200) and applied software (Dr. Pizza) are also introduced, such as the brief historical development of 3D digitization. Based on the data found in the literature, all those problems are collected, that can emerge during 3D laser scanning. In order to find the limits of the scanner, a test specimen was designed with a variety of geometric elements (planes in different positions, curved surfaces (concave, convex), roundings and chamfers in different sizes and positions, holes of different depths and diameter). During the design of the test specimen, those properties that were developed for additive technologies were used. The test specimen was produced by milling technology (Roland MDX 650), and then scanning with different settings were performed on it. The experiment was carried out until the largest real surface was digitized. Based on the test, it was summarized which geometries can be fully or partially scanned. Finally, a recommendation to achieve the best possible result was formulated
Maintenance of the N47 internal-combustion diesel engine
Get PDFThe N47 engine debuted in March 2007 in the facelifted BMW 1 Series E87 and E81 and was also available in the BMW 1 Series E82 and E88, which were introduced the same year. The N47 engine replaced the M47 engine that had been in production for 8 years. The M47 construction underwent several modifications, so the injection system was changed, the cylinder head now consists of two parts, and the engine block is made of aluminium. Two main versions of the N47 engine are known: N47D16 (1.6 L) and N47D20 (2.0 L). In the case of both versions, several models with different performances were born. After the distribution of BMW passenger cars equipped with the N47D20 en-gine, it received a lot of negative criticism due to malfunctions. In this article, I would like to present the maintenance of the engine, which can be used to avoid the failure of pas-senger cars equipped with the N47D20 diesel engine with huge material damage
Az észak-magyarország régió lakosságának mentális állapotjellemzői egy évvel a pandémia után
Get PDFThe authors used cross-sectional quantitative research to investigate mental health characteristics in the post-pandemic period. In addition to assessing depression, anxiety, and stress, the research aimed to explore protective and threatening factors for mental state and well-being. A total of 1157 adult respondents (n = 1157) participated in the study (mean age: 36.1 years; standard deviation: 14.6). 791 of the respondents (68.36%) live in the North-Hungary region and form the sub-sample of the study. In addition to questions on sociodemographic data, the questionnaire included questions on subjective health, religious practice and mental health characteristics. The results suggest that gender, education, type of settlement, family relationships and religious practice play an important role in depression, anxiety and stress. The mental health of the sample is below the Hungarian population average and significantly worse than the national average.A szerzők a keresztmetszeti kvantitatív kutatás során a pandémiát követő időszakban tapasztalható mentális állapotjellemzőket vizsgálták. A kutatás a depresszió, a szorongás és a stressz felmérése mellett a mentális állapotot és jóllétet védelmező és veszélyeztető tényezőinek feltárására irányult. A vizsgálatban összesen 1157 felnőtt válaszadó (n = 1157) vett részt (átlagéletkor: 36,1 év; szórás: 14,6). A válaszadók közül 791 fő (68,36%) az Észak-Magyarország régióban él, ők a vizsgálat almintáját képezik. A kérdőívben a szociodemográfiai adatokra vonatkozó kérdések mellett a szubjektív egészségi állapot, a vallásgyakorlás és a mentális egészség jellemzőinek feltárását célzó kérdések szerepeltek. Az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a depresszió, a szorongás és a stressz vonatkozásában a nem, az iskolai végzettség, a település típusa, a családi kapcsolatok és a vallásgyakorlás is fontos szerepet töltenek be. A vizsgált minta mentális egészségszintje a magyar lakossági átlaga alatti, az országos értékekhez viszonyítva lényegesen rosszabb képet mutat
Comprehensive investigation of the explicit, positivity preserving methods for the heat equation: Part 1
Get PDFIn this paper-series, we investigate the performance of 12 explicit non-conventional algorithms. All of them have the convex combination property, thus they are unconditionally stable and preserve the positivity of the solution when they applied to the heat equation. In this part of the series, we construct several 2D systems to find how the errors depend on the time step size. Sweeps for other key parameters will be presented in the next part of the series.In this paper-series, we investigate the performance of 12 explicit non-conventional algorithms. All of them have the convex combination property, thus they are unconditionally stable and preserve the positivity of the solution when they applied to the heat equation. In this part of the series, we construct several 2D systems to find how the errors depend on the time step size. Sweeps for other key parameters will be presented in the next part of the series
Czech security policy capabilities and ambitions
Get PDFThis article describes the development of Czech security policy since 1989, providing an analytical description and introducing the major institutions and authorities concerned as well as the various actors involved in security policy. At the beginning of the article a definition of security policy is provided and its various stages and major topics since 1989 are introduced. The chapter also describes the various political measures and their implementation, including selected Czech security strategies. It then examines selected security institutions, their evolution and responses to some crisis situations. Although political parties, interest groups, private security agencies, media and political experts have long been involved in shaping Czech security policy, the focus of this chapter is on security institutions (authorities and security forces). Security policy is presented in chronological, institutional and thematic terms. The development of the Czech security environment is investigated mainly since 2000.This article describes the development of Czech security policy since 1989, providing an analytical description and introducing the major institutions and authorities concerned as well as the various actors involved in security policy. At the beginning of the article a definition of security policy is provided and its various stages and major topics since 1989 are introduced. The chapter also describes the various political measures and their implementation, including selected Czech security strategies. It then examines selected security institutions, their evolution and responses to some crisis situations. Although political parties, interest groups, private security agencies, media and political experts have long been involved in shaping Czech security policy, the focus of this chapter is on security institutions (authorities and security forces). Security policy is presented in chronological, institutional and thematic terms. The development of the Czech security environment is investigated mainly since 2000
Developing a Python algorithm to calculate pressure changes during cement displacement in oilfield wells
Get PDFCementing is a crucial step when developing an oilfield well, which is usually done by pumping high-density slurry through the casing and then displacing it to the annular section. However, especially in deep structures, the whole process should be handled with increased care due to presence of excess hydrodynamic pressure. This may reach casing burst and collapse pressure limits, moreover formation fracture pressure limit in certain cases. This study introduces an algorithm, developed in Python, able to calculate dynamic pressure changes during cementing operations, and to alert when a critical pressure is reached at any point.Cementing is a crucial step when developing an oilfield well, which is usually done by pumping high-density slurry through the casing and then displacing it to the annular section. However, especially in deep structures, the whole process should be handled with increased care due to presence of excess hydrodynamic pressure. This may reach casing burst and collapse pressure limits, moreover formation fracture pressure limit in certain cases. This study introduces an algorithm, developed in Python, able to calculate dynamic pressure changes during cementing operations, and to alert when a critical pressure is reached at any point
Bonyolult keresztmetszet optimalizálása Kuhn-Tucker módszer segítségével
Get PDFIn many cases, the use of finite element programs can make some design tasks much easier. These programs make it possible to quickly and quickly perform the necessary strength checks on an existing three-dimensional model, or even to optimise certain geometric dimensions of the model, by entering a few boundary conditions instead of lengthy manual calculations. In the industrial sector, aluminium profiles with complex geometries are often used in mechanical engineering. It is debatable whether these profiles can be subjected to further optimisation tests in order to obtain an even more favourable geometry. This paper describes the steps in the optimisation process, whereby the end result is inherently the profile geometry that is commercially available. The fact that this is the case demonstrates the validity of the method.A végeselem programok használata sok esetben jelentősen megkönnyítheti egyes tervezési feladatok megoldását. Ezek a programok lehetővé teszik, hogy az akár hosszú levezetésű kézi számolások helyett akár néhány peremfeltétel megadásával gyorsan és rövid időn belül el lehet végezni egy meglévő háromdimenziós modellen a szükséges szilárdsági ellenőrzéseket, esetleg optimalizálni a modell egyes geometriai méreteit. Az ipari szférában előszeretettel alkalmaznak gépépítő alumínium profilokat, amelyek bonyolult geometriával rendelkeznek. Vita tárgyát képezheti, hogy ezeken a profilokon lehet-e további optimalizálási vizsgálatokat végezni úgy, hogy még kedvezőbb geometriai kialakítást lehessen kapni. Ez a cikk bemutatja az optimálási folyamat lépéseit, amely során a végeredmény természeténél fogva a kereskedelmi forgalomban beszerezhető profilgeometriát eredményezi. Ennek ténye igazolja a módszer helyességét
Development and enhancement of spatial perception among university students for better retention
Get PDFDuring the compilation of this article, the primary aim was the exploration of the available opportunities regarding the development and improvement of spatial perception, and the creation of a future plan for assessing the spatial intelligence of engineering students attending the University of Miskolc. After carefully studying several publications, the Barke-style test was chosen, which is showcased in detail in this article. In my version, the essence of the test would remain the same, only the the tasks would be altered, and the incoming engineering students would participate in the survey, in a way similar to the mathematical competency survey that already exists at the university. Depending on the results of the survey, my plans include the creation of recommendations as part of my research, aimed at strengthening spatial competency among the engineering students attending the University of Miskolc.During the compilation of this article, the primary aim was the exploration of the available opportunities regarding the development and improvement of spatial perception, and the creation of a future plan for assessing the spatial intelligence of engineering students attending the University of Miskolc. After carefully studying several publications, the Barke-style test was chosen, which is showcased in detail in this article. In my version, the essence of the test would remain the same, only the the tasks would be altered, and the incoming engineering students would participate in the survey, in a way similar to the mathematical competency survey that already exists at the university. Depending on the results of the survey, my plans include the creation of recommendations as part of my research, aimed at strengthening spatial competency among the engineering students attending the University of Miskolc
Termeléstervezés az Ipar 5.0 szemléletű okosgyárban
Get PDFWith the advent of the Industry 5.0 era, smart factories are taking production planning and logistics systems to a new level. Industry 5.0 focuses on human-centricity, sustainability, and flexibility, integrating the latest technological innovations with human creativity. This study presents the fundamental characteristics of Industry 5.0 and the core principles of smart factory operations, with particular emphasis on manufacturing and logistics. We discuss in detail the methods of adaptive and predictive production planning, as well as the role of real-time data collection and analysis in enhancing efficiency. Additionally, we introduce innovations in smart logistics systems, such as automated transport systems and the use of drones in supply chain optimization, which enable fast and efficient goods transportation while providing real-time tracking and optimization. Through practical examples and case studies, we illustrate how these technologies are implemented in the industry and the advantages of these new approaches. Finally, we discuss the upcoming challenges and future prospects in production planning and logistics within the context of Industry 5.0.Az Ipar 5.0 korszakának beköszöntével az okos gyárak új szintre emelik a termeléstervezést és a logisztikai rendszereket. Az Ipar 5.0 az emberközpontúságra, fenntarthatóságra és rugalmasságra összpontosít, összekapcsolva a legújabb technológiai innovációkat az emberi kreativitással. Ez a tanulmány bemutatja az Ipar 5.0 alapvető jellemzőit és az okos gyárak működésének alapelveit, különös tekintettel a gyártás és logisztika területére. Részletesen tárgyaljuk az adaptív és prediktív termeléstervezés módszereit, valamint a valós idejű adatgyűjtés és elemzés szerepét a hatékonyság növelésében. Emellett bemutatjuk az okos logisztikai rendszerek innovációit, például az automata szállítórendszereket és a drónok használatát az ellátási lánc optimalizálásában. Gyakorlati példák és esettanulmányok segítségével illusztráljuk, hogyan valósítják meg mindezeket a technológiákat az iparban, és milyen előnyökkel járnak ezek az új megközelítések. Végül megvitatjuk az előttünk álló kihívásokat és a jövőbeni kilátásokat a termeléstervezés és logisztika terén az Ipar 5.0 kontextusában