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Teacher Attire and Student Impressions: A Closer Look
Get PDFOur choice of clothing has a great impact on how we are perceived by others. The official dress code of the university has changed a lot. From a more formal and exquisite dress code to a range of informal styles, such as business casual and smart casual. This change raises the question of whether dress has an impact on how students develop first impressions and opinions in our campus community. This study, which took place in November and December 2022, involved 414 individuals from a heterogeneous sample who responded to an online questionnaire provided on campus. The basis of this study is the sample, which was carefully selected to represent the age and gender distribution of the university. The main objective of this study is to investigate how students' perceptions and opinions are influenced by lecturers' dress. The results show a complex relationship between what people wear and the perceptions they create. Specifically, a preference for athletic or informal clothing is associated with qualities such as flexibility and directness, while a preference for more elegant and formal clothing conveys qualities such as care and attention to detail. These findings highlight the complexity associated with our assessment and interpretation of teachers' classroom dress codes and shed light on the different facets of first impressions in a university setting
Inflation in Hungary: How Does It Affect the Financial Situation of the Population?
Get PDFRecent events have affected the economies of nations that began with an extraordinary epidemic that led to the lifting of closures and the emergence of oversupply in the market. The result is price increases, new supply problems and deficit economies, all of which contribute to rising inflation. The conflict and the oil crisis made the situation worse. We wondered whether the recent price increases have made people in Hungary more conscious with their budgets. The current report is based on a nationwide representative survey of almost 25,000 people conducted by NET Media PLC in September 2022. The study focused primarily on the development of living standards and the state of the economy, changes in spending patterns, savings, and family household management. Overall, it can be said that more than 75 percent of Hungarians over 25 are dissatisfied with how their standard of living has changed in the last year and that their financial situation has deteriorated
Testing the Validity of Spatial Beta Convergence for the Countries of Southern Europe
Get PDFTerritorial economic and social disparities remain a major problem for the European Union today. No two regions have the same characteristics and starting conditions, resulting in significant disparities in their development path. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of the economic and social shocks of the 2000s (the economic and financial crisis of 2008-09 and the COVID-19 pandemic) on the economies of four countries (Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece) in Southern Europe. The study presents county-level differences in gross value added and their changes in response to external shocks. The methodology used is based on classical descriptive statistics, convergence analyses (sigma, beta, gamma) and spatial autocorrelation studies. The results show that the impact of the shocks of the 2000s varies across counties, with some areas being able to increase their gross value added even during the crisis period. However, the first and second waves of the economic and financial crisis and the pandemic had an uneven impact on the region's counties, which further increased territorial disparities
Épületvilágítási vezérlőalgoritmus létrehozása DMX512 protokoll alkalmazásával
Get PDFIn building automation, we encounter many tasks that already use an existing industrial technology to make the building work intelligently. The question is whether there is an affordable alternative to applying these established industry standards to smart homes. Several new standards specifically for facility automation have been successfully integrated by market players in recent years to create smart homes, but in many cases the cost of implementing these standards is well beyond the already high budget of a normal construction project. Our article is essentially a discussion of a lighting standard that, when used at very low cost, can provide the convenience of existing market solutions at a reasonable level. In our article we deal with the implementation of the necessary control algorithms to implement a lighting control system on a WAGO PFC200 750-8212 PLC using the DMX512 communication protocol.Az épületautomatizálás során számos olyan feladattal találkozunk, amelyek már egy meglévő ipari technológiát alkalmaznak a ház intelligens működtetéséhez. Kérdés azonban, hogy ezeknek a bejáratott ipari szabványok alkalmazásának van-e megfizethető alternatívája az okosotthonok létesítésekor. A piaci szereplők több új, kifejezetten létesítményautomatizálásra alkalmas szabványt is sikerrel integráltak az elmúlt években az okosotthonok létrehozására, ám sok esetben ezek alkalmazásának költsége jóval meghaladja egy normál építkezés egyébként is magas költségvetését. Cikkünk alapvetően egy olyan világítástechnikai szabvány feldolgozásával foglalkozik, amely használata rendkívül alacsony költség mellett tudja megfelelő mértékben nyújtani a már elterjedt piaci megoldások kényelmét. A cikkben a szükséges vezérlőalgoritmusok megvalósításával fogunk foglalkozni, azaz egy világításvezérlési rendszer implementálásával egy WAGO PFC200 750-8212 PLC-n a DMX512-es kommunikációs protokollt felhasználva
Optikai hullámvezetők készítése ionimplantáció segítségével
Get PDFIn order to be able to miniaturize the optical components of opto-electronic devices, new methods had to be developed for their production. However, there are materials whose optical properties would be very favourable, but it is not possible to use them with current methods, because they suffer physical or chemical damage during the process. For such materials, a method based on ion implantation can be a suitable alternative. Irradiation with high-energy ions has been proven to change the optical and structural properties of the material. This makes it possible, for example, to create optical waveguides if a predetermined area of the sample is irradiated. This can be done by drawing the desired geometry with the help of a pre-made special silicone mask, or by using a microbeam, the appropriate shape can be written directly into the sample. In this article, we review the recent results related to these two methods.Annak érdekében, hogy az optoelektronikai eszközöknél az optikai komponenseket miniatürizálni lehessen, újfajta módszereket kellett kifejleszteni azok gyártásához. Vannak azonban olyan anyagok, amelyeknek optikai tulajdonságai nagyon kedvezőek lennének, de a jelenlegi módszerekkel nem lehetséges azok használata, ugyanis fizikai vagy kémiai károsodást szenvednek a gyártási folyamat során. Az ilyen anyagoknál megfelelő alternatívát jelenthet az ionok implantációján alapuló módszer. A nagy energiájú ionokkal történő besugárzás ugyanis bizonyítottan megváltoztatja az anyag optikai és szerkezeti tulajdonságait. Ezzel lehetőség nyílik például optikai hullámvezetők létrehozására, ha egy előre meghatározott területét sugározzuk be a mintának. Ez történhet úgy, hogy egy előre elkészített speciális szili-konmaszk segítségével rajzoljuk ki a kívánt geometriát, vagy mikronyaláb használatával közvetlenül is beleírható a mintába a megfelelő alakzat. Ebben a cikkben az említett két módszerrel kapcsolatos legutóbbi eredményeket tekintjük át
Preliminary results of construction and demolition waste and fly ash based geopolymer composite materials
No full textThere is need to research and develop green construction materials, to address increasing infrastructural demand and environmental challenges. Preliminary investigation of construction and demolition waste (CDW) and fly ash (FA) based geopolymer composite materials is presented in this paper. The average compressive strength of mechanically activated materials based FA geopolymer composite specimen was 53.8% higher compared to the unground specimen. Investigation on CDW and ground FA based geopolymer composite materials, show that 50% CDW precursor content had the highest strength. Cracks were observed on the ground fly ash composite specimen surface, attributed to surface moisture loss. The optimum compressive strength, 47 ± 9.13 MPa can be considered for structural application. Mitigation measures for adverse cracks should be applied.There is need to research and develop green construction materials, to address increasing infrastructural demand and environmental challenges. Preliminary investigation of construction and demolition waste (CDW) and fly ash (FA) based geopolymer composite materials is presented in this paper. The average compressive strength of mechanically activated materials based FA geopolymer composite specimen was 53.8% higher compared to the unground specimen. Investigation on CDW and ground FA based geopolymer composite materials, show that 50% CDW precursor content had the highest strength. Cracks were observed on the ground fly ash composite specimen surface, attributed to surface moisture loss. The optimum compressive strength, 47 ± 9.13 MPa can be considered for structural application. Mitigation measures for adverse cracks should be applied
Vizsgálatok időigényének csökkentési lehetősége szigmoid görbék alkalmazásával
Get PDFSigmoid (S-shape) curves can be applied in several fields of our life, if the behaviuor (growth or saturation) of the investigated phenomenon can be described by sigmoid curve. Application of sigmoid curves makes possible not only to describe and understand more deeply the behaviour of the phenomenon, but also to predict the behaviuor on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of the sigmoid curve. This could have many useful advantages, for example in case of a long investigation, which can be described by sigmoid curve, the time necessary for the end-results can be considerably decreased by predicting them on the basis of sigmoid curve analysis. This was very useful in case of multidisciplinary optimization, where computer running takes several weeks. In this paper this process is applied for decreasing the time necessary for the experiments of railway brakes heated during frictional contact.A szigmoid (S alakú) görbék az élet számos területén alkalmazhatóak, ha a vizsgált jelenség jellge a növekedés-telítődés, azaz a jelenség is szigmoid görbe szerint viselkedik. Ilyen esetekben a szigmoid görbék alkalmazása lehetővé teszi, hogy nemcsak a görbe viselkedését érthetjük meg mélyebben, hanem a görbe tulajdonságait kihasználva, előrejelezhető a vizsgált jelenség viselkedése is. Ennek számos előnye lehet, pl. ha egy hosszadalmas vizsgálatot végzünk, melynek viselkedése szigmoid görbével leírható, akkor jelentősen lecsökkenthető a vizsgálati idő, mivel a szigmoid görbe alapján kiszámíthatóak a későbbi eredmények. Ez nagyon jól alkalmazható például a multidiszciplináris optimálás esetén, ahol többhetes számítógépi futási idők is lehetségesek, így nagyon hasznos lehet a csökkentés. Jelen cikkben ezt a módszert vasúti öntöttvas féktuskók súrlódás miatti melegedésének vizsgálatára alkalmazott mérések idejének csökkentésére alkalmazzuk
Investigation of softening in hardfaced layers during welding
Get PDFHardfacing is a widely used technique to create wear-resistant layer on the base material to ensure good durability and performance under harsh operating conditions. However, despite its effectiveness in improving wear resistance, hardfaced layers can sometimes exhibit softening phenomena during welding, compromising their mechanical properties and overall performance. In this research, the effect of heat input was investigated in case of Fe-based hardfacing material with high Cr content. 4 different heat inputs were applied with gas metal arc welding and significant differences were determined in hardnesses, which can be influential to the lifetime of hardfaced parts. Hardness drop happens in the heat-affected zones between the hardfaced layers and the highest heat input causing the most significant softening (20% hardness drop).Hardfacing is a widely used technique to create wear-resistant layer on the base material to ensure good durability and performance under harsh operating conditions. However, despite its effectiveness in improving wear resistance, hardfaced layers can sometimes exhibit softening phenomena during welding, compromising their mechanical properties and overall performance. In this research, the effect of heat input was investigated in case of Fe-based hardfacing material with high Cr content. 4 different heat inputs were applied with gas metal arc welding and significant differences were determined in hardnesses, which can be influential to the lifetime of hardfaced parts. Hardness drop happens in the heat-affected zones between the hardfaced layers and the highest heat input causing the most significant softening (20% hardness drop)
Investigation of material cost of a propane-propylene rectification column
Get PDFIn this study a propane-propylene rectification column was investigated in terms of diameter of the column, number of trays, reflux ratio and the construction material costs of the column. During the calculations the reflux ratio was modified between 8 and 30. The chosen material of the column and trays was 1.4404 grade austenitic steel.
The calculation has shown that with higher reflux ratio the diameter of the column and the number of trays were changing. Next, the necessary wall thickness of the shell of the column was determined with strength calculation.
A material cost function was also determined with these parameters applying various reflux ratio values. From the results it can be concluded that the optimal reflux ratio is 12, because in this case the material cost function has a minimum point.In this study a propane-propylene rectification column was investigated in terms of diameter of the column, number of trays, reflux ratio and the construction material costs of the column. During the calculations the reflux ratio was modified between 8 and 30. The chosen material of the column and trays was 1.4404 grade austenitic steel.
The calculation has shown that with higher reflux ratio the diameter of the column and the number of trays were changing. Next, the necessary wall thickness of the shell of the column was determined with strength calculation.
A material cost function was also determined with these parameters applying various reflux ratio values. From the results it can be concluded that the optimal reflux ratio is 12, because in this case the material cost function has a minimum point
The effect of RSW technological parameters to the properties of aluminium/steel hybrid joints
Get PDFTo reduce fuel consumption and costs, the lightweight construction of car bodies is a very important aspect. This is achieved by using high-strength steel and aluminium alloy base materials. The latest car bodies contain both steel and aluminium alloy, so it is necessary to develop a reliable joining technology between them. Several joining technologies were investigated, such as mechanical joining, adhesive joining, and welding too. Resistance spot welding (RSW) is typically used to join car body parts and can be used for aluminium/steel hybrid joints. During welding, a very brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) is formed, which basically determines the properties of the joint, which is particularly influenced by the thickness and phases of the IMC. EN AW 5754 H22/ DP600 dissimilar joints were made with RSW, using different welding parameters. The joints were tested by shear-tensile tests and the effect of the IMC layer was determined.To reduce fuel consumption and costs, the lightweight construction of car bodies is a very important aspect. This is achieved by using high-strength steel and aluminium alloy base materials. The latest car bodies contain both steel and aluminium alloy, so it is necessary to develop a reliable joining technology between them. Several joining technologies were investigated, such as mechanical joining, adhesive joining, and welding too. Resistance spot welding (RSW) is typically used to join car body parts and can be used for aluminium/steel hybrid joints. During welding, a very brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) is formed, which basically determines the properties of the joint, which is particularly influenced by the thickness and phases of the IMC. EN AW 5754 H22/ DP600 dissimilar joints were made with RSW, using different welding parameters. The joints were tested by shear-tensile tests and the effect of the IMC layer was determined