Sakarya University of Applied Sciences AXSIS
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Exploring key metrics of sterilization services using cost analysis
No full textSterilization services not only impact service delivery processes directly but also account for a substantial portion of total costs. Therefore, accurate resource measurement becomes imperative for efficient resource utilization. This research aims to draw a framework for calculating the package and autoclave unit cost within a sterilization unit and to pinpoint sterilization unit-specific findings distinct from those of other service provider departments. To achieve this, we collected and analyzed cost data from a public hospital in Trabzon, Türkiye, for 2021 and 2022. Subsequently, the unit cost of the package and autoclave of the sterilization unit was calculated based on the collected data. Our analysis considered various cost components, such as equipment maintenance, personnel salaries, and utility expenses. Through our research, we identified key factors influencing the sterilization process. The findings guided decision-makers in prioritizing areas for efficient and sustainable service provision. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of our developed framework in cost analysis, highlighting its potential impact on resource management practices in healthcare settings. Additionally, insights into decision-making processes regarding in-house versus outsourced provision of sterilization services can inform managerial decisions and resource allocation strategies more effectively. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Selüloz Asetat Üretimi İçin Çevre Dostu Bir Çözücü Seçeneği: Etil Laktat
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, endüstriyel üretimde en çok tercih edilen çözücü olan asetik asit yerine biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen etil laktatın belirli koşullar altında selüloz asetat sentezinde kullanılma olanaklarını araştırmaktır. Çalışmada, sırasıyla su ve asetik asit ile aktive edilen çözünen hamur lifleri, preslendikten sonra etil laktat içerisinde dağıtılmış ve daha sonra sülfürik asit katalizli asetik anhidrit ile asetilasyon reaksiyonuna tabi tutulmuştur. Asetillenmiş selülozun özellikleri, X-Işını Kırınımı Analizi, Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi, Diferansiyel Taramalı Kalorimetri ve diğer kimyasal analiz yöntemleri (viskozite, bağlı asit yüzdesi, kimyasal direnç) kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Çözünen hamur kullanılarak 40°C'de etil laktat içerisinde 2,79 DS değerine sahip selüloz asetat üretmenin mümkün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi çalışmalarında 1739 cm-1 bölgesinde karakteristik bir bant genişlemesi ortaya konmuş olup, bu durum asetil gruplarının varlığına işaret etmektedir. X-ışını kırınımı analiz sonuçlarında da selülozun kristalin yapısının tamamen dağıldığı ve difraktogramlarda bant genişlemelerinin meydana geldiği görülmüştür. Ancak X-ışını kırınımı üzerinde yapılan hesaplamada kristalit boyutları açısından da ilginç bulgular elde edilmiştir. Asetatların kristalit boyutlarının çözünen hamura göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Numunelerin yüksek kristalliliğinin çözünme gibi işleme özellikleri açısından sorun teşkil ettiği belirlenmiştir. Kullanılan çözücüler arasında sadece Dimetilsülfoksitin yeterli çözme gücüne sahip olduğu görülmüştür
Design of GIS-Based Spatial Decision Support System For Hazelnut Cultivation: A Case Study Part of Sakarya, Turkiye
No full textThe objective of this research is to propose an integrated approach to create a Geographic Information System (GIS) based spatial decision support system for sustainable hazelnut agriculture in the process of adaptation to climate change within the scope of a newly started interdisciplinary project. Hazelnut is a temperate climate fruit species. In Turkiye, the Black Sea coastal zone, which has favorable climatic conditions, is naturally a hazelnut growing area and hazelnut is one of the climax plant species. Hazelnut is one of the most important agricultural export products of Turkiye and according to 2023 data, Turkiye is ranked as the first place in the world hazelnut exports with 298.557 tons of hazelnut kernel. Since hazelnut is an economically valuable product and its cultivation is directly dependent on topographical and climatic conditions in large areas, monitoring and planning of hazelnut cultivation under changing climatic conditions is very important for the country's economy. Turkiye is one of the most affected Mediterranean countries due to climate change. The results of temperature, precipitation, and humidity simulations in regional climate models created especially for the Black Sea provide important findings in terms of the necessity for spatial planning based on the ecological requirements of hazelnut. Sustainable and rational use of land, determination of the suitability and quality of land, and integrated evaluation of information such as climate, topography, and soil properties are of great importance and are considered natural resources/heritage for future generations. For this purpose, the province of Sakarya, which is ranked as 3rd in hazelnut production in Turkiye with 82.581 tons, was selected as the study area in this research. In the process of creating the spatial decision support system in the study, many interrelated variables, such as climate, topography, geological conditions, and soil properties, will be evaluated using geostatistical methods and weights obtained from the literature and expert opinion surveys. With the data will be used in the spatial decision support system to be designed with the Analytic Hierarchy Process method approach will be used for the integrated analysis of various geospatial data related to the hazelnut cultivation to determine the most suitable hazelnut cultivation areas and the most appropriate hazelnut cultivars within the scope of adaptation to climate change. We will design a spatial decision support system in the process of climate change adaptation by determining the characteristics of the criteria based on varieties that support rural development in order to ensure sustainable production of hazelnut, which has strategic importance for Turkiye and strengthens competition in the global market
Barkhausen Noise as A Magnetic Nondestructive Testing Technique
No full textMagnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) is a magnetic-based non-destructive electromagnetic testing method. Due to the electromagnetic working principle of MBN, it can be used for ferromagnetic materials, which consist of small magnetic fields discredited by domain walls and oriented in various directions. In an external magnetic field application, the fields turn to the magnetic direction, and the domain walls move and cause magnetic flux jumps. The jumps are named Barkhausen Noise (BN). The domain wall movements are sometimes pushed down by microstructure, composition, and defects. As the magnetic domain walls break away from the pinning sites produce MBN signal. MBN can be used for different material properties such as microstructure, composition, residual stress, and hardness. The paper's purpose is to analyze MBN as an improved NDT, clarify the relationship between material properties and MBN profile, and introduce MBN's applications and test equipment of MBN
Investigation of bending behavior of steel beam post-tensioned with steel and FRP reinforcements
No full textHem eğilme de hem de eksenel basınç yükleri altında çelik yapı elemanları yanal burulma ve burkulma etkisi altında kalmaktadır. Yanal burulmalı burkulma etkisinde kalan bu elemanların yük altında olan yerlere rijitlik levhaları koyularak burkulmanın önlenmesi mümkündür. Yapılabilecek bu plaka ekleme işleminin yanı sıra çekme bölgesine koyulacak çelik donatı ve FRP donatı, ayrıca bu işlemden sonra, donatılara verilen ard germe ile I-kesitli çelik profilin yanal burulmalı burkulma davranışı farklı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, ardgerme işleminde hangi donatı çapında ve türde FRP malzemesi kullanıldığında referans çelik kirişe en yakın veya daha fazla dayanım ve daha az yer değiştirme sağlayacağının araştırması deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla I-kesitli çelik kirişlerin çekme bölgelerine ard germe verilmiş ikişer adet çelik ve FRP donatılar yerleştirilmiştir. Ф8 - Ф10 mm çapında çelik donatılar üç noktalı eğilme deneylerinde tam boyda kaynak işlemi yapılmıştır.GFRP donatılar için başlık yapılarak kaynak işlemi yapılmıştır.Dört noktalı eğilme deneylerinde de I-kesitli çelik kirişlerin çekme bölgelerine ard germe verilmiş ikişer adet çelik ve farklı türde FRP donatılar yerleştirilmiştir. Ф10 mm çapında çelik donatılar dört noktalı eğilme deneylerinde tam boyda kaynak işlemi yapılmıştır.FRP donatılar için başlık yapılarak kaynak işlemi yapılmıştır.Ard germe işleminde farklı çaplarda, uzunluklarda çelik donatılar ve FRP donatılar denenmiştir. Yapılan üç noktalı eğilme deneylerinde Ф8 - Ф10 mm çapında ard germe verilen çelik ve GFRP donatılar kullanılmıştır. Dört nokta eğilme deneylerinde ise, Ф10 mm çapında çelik ve AFRP, CFRP, GFRP ve E-CR_GFRP donatılar kullanılmıştır. Eğilme deney sonuçları elde edilen grafikler ile değerlendirilmiştir. Referans olarak kabul edilen hiçbir ardgerme işlemi uygulanmamış kirişler ile karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca donatı çapının, uzunluğunun, kullanılan FRP türünün etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Donatı türünün değişikliği ise yerdeğiştirmeye %4 azalma sağlarken çelik donatı kadar etkili olmamıştır. Üç noktalı eğilme deneyinde maksimum kuvvet GFRP_10 da,dört noktalı eğilme deneyinde ise kısa donatılı kirişte K_E-CR_GFRP,uzun donatılı kirişte U_Çelik de görülmüştür. Kısa ve uzun donatılı kirişlerde ise kısa donatılı kirişlerde şekil değiştirme de %12 azalma görülmüştür. Uzun donatılı kirişlere göre kısa donatı kullanmak şekil değiştirme de daha etkilidir. Sonuç olarak kısa donatı kullanılması uzun donatıya göre şekil değiştirmeyi azaltmıştır. Kısa donatı kullanılması uzun donatıya göre maksimum yükü arttırmıştır
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Stimuli-Sensitive Hydrogel Containing Carbon Nanotube (CNT) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
No full textThe study focused on the synthesis of hydrogels using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as primary components and containing various proportions of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The findings revealed that the hydrogels containing CNTs exhibited an increase in hydrophobic properties, with the average contact angle increasing from 14.77% (%PVA/PEG/DOX) to 73.73% (%PVA/PEG/CNT/DOX) and the swelling degree decreasing from 95 to 81%. Measurements using FTIR analysis and the observation of a decrease in surface free energy confirmed these findings. In addition, the hydrogels were observed to exhibit bioactivity. Drug release analysis was performed using ultrasound (US) at a frequency of 40 kHz and a temperature of 22 °C for periods of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, excluding the use of ultrasound. The drug release assays revealed that even with the US effect, drug release decreased by approximately 6.71% as the CNT content increased. The results suggest that CNT-containing hydrogels have the potential to be valuable in drug delivery systems and could be a highly effective approach for drug delivery in the US. © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2024
Examination of the effects of value creation, intellectual property and organizational creativity on artificial intelligence focused enterprises
No full textPurpose: Aritificial intelligence (AI)-focused enterprises purpose to provide value-creating and differentiated products and services using innovative technologies. For this reason, it is aimed to examine the effects of value creation, intellectual property and organizational creativity variables to make evaluations to increase the success of such enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: Random sampling method was used in the research. The population of the research consists of AI-oriented enterprises in technoparks. On the specified days, short-term visits and surveys were conducted face-to-face. Name and similar personal information was not taken in the research and participation was made on a voluntary basis. A sample size of 500 units is a sufficient size at the 0.05 significance level. SmartPLS (4.0.8.4) licensed software was used in the research. Findings: As a result of the collected data, it has been supported by hypotheses that value creation, intellectual property and organizational creativity have positive effects so that artificial intelligence-oriented enterprises can be successful in performance criteria. Research limitations/implications: Since the research was conducted by collecting data from artificial intelligence-oriented enterprises in technoparks in Istanbul, it would not be correct to evaluate the analysis results by making generalizations. For this reason, it is recommended that similar studies planned to be conducted in the future should contribute to the literature by developing the research model, taking into account the limited situation in the sample. Practical implications: According to the results of the analysis of the effects of value creation, intellectual property and organizational creativity in artificial intelligence-oriented enterprises, in order to increase the success of such enterprises, they should offer more value to their customers, protect their technologies and increase their innovation capacity. Originality/value: Value creation, intellectual property, and organizational creativity in AI-focused enterprises are important topics in a rapidly growing industry such as AI-focused enterprises. Therefore, a research investigating these variables together offers a different perspective than previous studies. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited
Synthesis of Cyclodextrin-Based Multifunctional Biocompatible Hydrogels and Their Use in the Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesions (Asherman’s Syndrome) after Surgical Injury
No full textAsherman’s syndrome, which can occur during the regeneration of damaged uterine tissue after surgical interventions, is a significant health problem in women. This study aimed to acquire and characterize cyclodextrin-based hydrogels, which can be used to prevent Asherman’s syndrome, and investigate their effectiveness with biomedical applications. A series of hydrogels were synthesized from the cross-linking of β-cyclodextrin and different polyphenols with epoxy-functional PEG. Their chemical, physical, and biological properties were subsequently determined. The results demonstrated that the cyclodextrin-based hydrogels had a porous structure, high swelling ratio, good injectability, drug release ability, and antioxidant activity. Cell culture results illustrated that the hydrogels had no significant cytotoxicity toward L929 fibroblast cells. Considering all properties, the β-CD-PEG-600-Ec hydrogel showed the most satisfactory properties rather than other ones. The potential of this hydrogel in preventing Asherman’s syndrome was evaluated in a rat model. The results revealed that the β-estradiol- and melatonin-loaded cyclodextrin-based multifunctional hydrogel group both structurally and mechanically showed an antiadhesion effect in the uterus and a therapeutic effect on the damage with the β-estradiol and melatonin that it contains compared to the Asherman (ASH) group. This double drug-loaded hydrogel can be a promising candidate for preventing Asherman’s syndrome due to its versatile properties. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society
‘The body seems to have no life’: The experiences and perceptions of fatigue among patients after COVID-19
No full textAims and Objectives: This study aimed at determining the perception of fatigue among patients with a history of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Background: Fatigue is a long-lasting distressing symptom. It is a multidimensional symptom consisting of several factors, including physiological, psychological, social and environmental. It is vital to examine and understand the perception of fatigue among post-COVID-19 participants. Design: A descriptive phenomenological design. Methods: The study sample consisted of 14 post-COVID-19 participants that were recruited using criterion sampling. The fatigue levels of the participants were determined using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), and those with a fatigue score above 12 were interviewed. All the interviews were conducted with a smartphone due to the COVID-19. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist was used. Results: The age of the participants varied from 24 to 67 years, with the majority of the participants being female (n = 8). The COVID-19 duration ranged from one to 11 months, and the CFS scores varied between 14 and 33. Four themes emerged following the qualitative data analysis: a new symptom beyond fatigue, fatigue increases dependency in daily life, fatigue impedes sociability and a way to hold on to life's regular rhythms. Conclusions: This study concluded that fatigue in post-COVID-19 participants is a new experience that is difficult to define and manage and overwhelmingly affects the physical and social aspects of life. Participants look for new ways to live with fatigue and turn to traditional methods and psychosocial strategies. Relevance to clinical practice: This study revealed the miscellaneous aspects of fatigue in post-COVID-19 participants. Nurses should evaluate fatigue with a holistic approach that includes its physical, social, emotional and spiritual aspects. Nurses can play an active role in the management of fatigue, which is a very common symptom in the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Blood supply chain network design: a systematic review of literature and implications for future research
No full textPurpose- The purpose of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on the blood supply chain (BSC) from a network design perspective and highlight the research gaps in this area. Moreover, it also aims to pinpoint new research opportunities based on the recent innovative technologies for the BSC network design.Design/methodology/approach- The study gives a comprehensive systematic review of the BSC network design studies until October 2021. This review was carried out in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). In the literature review, a total of 87 studies were analyzed under six main categories as model structure, application model, solution approach, problem type, the parties of the supply chain and innovative technologies.Findings- The results of the study present the researchers' tendencies and preferences when designing their BSC network models.Research limitations/implicationsThe study presents a guide for researchers and practitioners on BSC from the point of view of network design and encourages adopting innovative technologies in their BSC network designs.Originality/value- The study provides a comprehensive systematic review of related studies from the BSC network design perspective and explores research gaps in the collection and distribution processes. Furthermore, it addresses innovative research opportunities by using innovative technologies in the area of BSC network design