Sakarya University of Applied Sciences AXSIS
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Silica-based geopolymers admixture of borosilicate waste glasses: A green material for gamma radiation shielding applications
No full textThe gamma shielding parameters of an admixture of waste borosilicate glass (BS) and geopolymer (GP) made from activated metakaolin are presented in the present study. The influence of the BS quantity on the density and different gamma shielding quantities is investigated over a wide gamma energy range. Four batches of the G-BS composite were prepared using the solid-state diffusion method, containing 0 (G), 10 % (G-10BS), 20 % (G20BS), and 30 % (G-30BS) by weight of BS, respectively. The chemical compositions of the G-xBS samples were determined through X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. In addition, the density of the BS-doped geopolymers was determined using the liquid displacement method using deionized water as the displacement fluid. The theoretical determination of estimating shielding parameters began by estimating the mass (μ/ρ) and linear (μ) attenuation coefficients of the geopolymers for photon energies in the range of 15 keV to 15 MeV using the XCOM data library. The B and Si content and density of the geopolymer samples increased as the BS weight proportion increased in the geopolymer. The values of the attenuation coefficients (ACs) decreased with energy. For μ, the decrease was from 9.1533 to 0.0355 cm− 1 , 6.7486 to 0.0374 cm− 1 , 10.2964 to 0.0396 cm− 1 , and 10.7722 to 0.0414 cm− 1, while for μ/ρ, it was 5.3217 to 0.0206 cm2 g-1, 5.3860 to 0.0206 cm2 g-1, 5.3627 to 0.0206 cm2 g-1, and 5.3594 to 0.0206 cm2 g-1, for G, G-10BS, G-20BS, and G-30BS, respectively. There are no significant differences between the photon energy absorption capacity of the geopolymers, especially at energies greater than 1 MeV. The photon buildup factors of the G-xBS samples have very close relative values with no clear order. The introduction of waste borosilicate glass is therefore a way of improving the photon attenuation capacity of geopolymer and, therefore, the potential of shielding applications of geopolymer-based concrete
Investigation of the Performance of a V-shaped Inner Plate Array Armor System Against 7.62 mm Caliber Bullets
No full textIn this study, the impact resistance performance of the steel internal structure, which is fixed with screws between the front and rear plate, has a 90° bent form and is placed to deflect the penetrating bullet, was measured. This article presents the ballistic performance of the designed armor system against 7.62 mm armor-piercing projectiles with a velocity of 630 to 870 ± 10 m/s, coming at an angle of 90° to the front plate. The study was carried out both experimentally and numerically. Experimental results showed that remarkable ballistic results were obtained among the investigated materials examined in 32 mm thick aluminum-steel-aluminum sheet structures. Numerical and experimental results were compared and a significant correlation was found. In addition to the ballistic performance results, the samples were examined for fracture mechanisms by scanning electron microscopy and EDS analysis. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korean Society for Precision Engineering
Effects of 8-week alkaline diet and aerobic exercise on body composition, aerobic performance, and lipid profiles in sedentary women
No full textBackground Diet composition can affect systemic pH and acid-base regulation, which may in turn influence exercise performance.Purpose It was aimed to determine the effects of the alkaline diet and 8 weeks of aerobic exercises on body composition, aerobic performance, and blood lipid profiles in sedentary women.Methods Thirty-two sedentary women participated in the study voluntarily. The research was designed with a true-experimental design and the participants were divided into four different groups as the control group, aerobic exercise group, alkaline diet group, and alkaline diet + aerobic exercise group. The body compositions, aerobic exercise performances, and lipid profiles of sedentary women were measured as pre-test and post-test. In the analysis of the obtained data, One-Way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test was used.Results It was observed that the alkaline diet consumed with 8 weeks of aerobic exercises caused a 5.17% decrease in BMI and an increase of 42.07 and 37.62% in VO2max and aerobic test durations, respectively (p 0.05). Despite that, there were statistically significant differences in TG and LDL-C levels (p < 0.05). According to this result, it was determined that there was a decrease in TG and LDL-C levels by 37.61 and 20.24%, respectively.Conclusion An alkaline diet consumed with 8 weeks of aerobic exercises in sedentary women has positive effects on improving body composition, aerobic exercise performances, and TG and LDL-C levels
Deep Drawability of Al-Mg Alloys Produced by Twin Roll Continuous Casting Method: Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
No full textThis study explores the development of Al-Mg alloy sheets manufactured through the Twin Roll Continuous Casting (TRC) technique, with the goal of enhancing their mechanical properties via thermomechanical processing. TRC is a cost-effective and efficient method for producing thin sheets directly from molten metal, and this work focuses on the deep drawability of AA5182, AA5754, and AA5052 alloys, widely used in automotive, packaging, and aerospace applications. Improving deep drawability is crucial for meeting the stringent requirements of these industries. The alloys were designed according to EN 573-3 standards, and sheet castings were carried out at both laboratory and industrial scales. Microstructure evolution was analyzed at the as-cast and final thicknesses using optical microscopy. The sheets underwent cold rolling to a thickness of 1 mm, followed by final annealing, and their mechanical properties—including yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and anisotropy—were evaluated. The deep drawability of the sheets was assessed using Erichsen cupping tests and earing mechanisms. To further understand failure mechanisms, fracture surface morphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was performed to analyze inclusions on fractured surfaces. The findings highlight the effectiveness of the TRC technique in producing high-performance Al-Mg sheets with mechanical properties comparable to or exceeding those of conventionally processed sheets. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of alloy design and manufacturing methods, laying the groundwork for future advancements in TRC technology. © 2024 by the authors
Gamma attenuation, dose rate and exposure/absorption buildup factors of apatite-wollastonite (AW) ceramic system
No full textApatite-wollastonite (AW) is an important biomaterial useful in clinical practice for tissue engineering and other applications. In this research paper, AW and B2O3-doped AW glass ceramics (GCs) were reported and investigated deeply by means of their ability to attenuate gamma-photons. The studied samples denoted by AW, AW10B, and AW-20B as the B2O3 content from 0 to 20 mol% with the step of 10. Using FLUKA and other theoretical approaches, photon interaction parameters for narrow and broad beam transmission through the AW GCs were estimated for the 15 keV-15 MeV energy range. Also, the density of the GCs increased as the B2O3 content increased. The mass attenuation coefficients were found to be within the ranges 0.0231-13.5659 cm2/g, 0.0225-12.3561 cm2/g, and 0.0220-11.1079 cm2/g for AW, AW-10B, and AW-20B, respectively. The effective atomic number of the GCs fell within the range 11.04-17.26, 10.88-17.01, and 10.21-16.72, respectively. As the doping concentration of B2O3 increased, the gamma energy that the AW GCs were able to absorb decreased. The addition of B2O3 compromised the photon shielding competence of AW in both narrow beam and broad beam scenarios. The GCs had better photon-absorbing competence than some existing gamma-photon shields. The GCs may thus be used as photon absorbers in clinical practice or in other nuclear applications
A New Approach to Multi-Stage Incremental Forming Method
No full textProducing vertical edged parts in sheet metal forming methods can cause tears on the sheet. The incremental forming method can allow sheet forming without tears. Forming can be done multi-stage to prevent this tear. Incremental forming method can be used in prototype production. The most important advantages of incremental forming method are that it is fast and inexpensive. In this study, we applied multi-stage forming to the two-point incremental forming-rolling blank holder method. Thus, we have developed a new way: the multi-stage, two-point incremental forming-rolling blank holder method. Parts with vertical edges are produced, and the wall thickness distribution is examined. The work material is a DC04 sheet with a thickness of 0.98 mm. The workpiece is axially symmetrical with a wall angle of 90°. The effect of four different parameters were researched: increment, feed rate, clamping pressure, and angle increment. Three different levels were determined for each parameter. The wall thickness distribution of the parts obtained from the experiments was measure
Software development for food waste management system within the scope of sustainable gastronomy
No full textSürdürülebilirlik, bireylerin şimdi ve gelecekte çevrenin refahını koruma ve iyileştirme kapasitesi olarak açıklanmaktadır. Sürdürülebilirlik ilkeleri, küreselleşmeye bağlı olarak yiyecek içecek endüstrisi başta olmak üzere birçok endüstride giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasındaki en önemli faaliyetlerden biri kuşkusuz gıda atıklarının etkin yönetimidir. Bu çalışmada sürdürülebilir gastronomi kapsamında gıda atığı yönetimini sağlayan bir yazılımın geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yazılım geliştirme sürecinde gerçek zamanlı geri bildirim ve sürekli iyileştirmenin mümkün olduğu çevik modeller tercih edilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında kurgulanan bu çalışmada yazılım geliştirme sürecinin (i) planlama, (ii) tasarım, (iii) kodlama ve (iv) test aşamaları yürütülmüştür. Planlama aşamasında sektör profesyonelleri ve akademisyenlerle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu görüşmeler, yazılıma ilişkin görüş ve gereksinimlerin belirlenmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Tasarım aşamasında ise planlama aşamasında belirlenen kriterler doğrultusunda sayfa tasarımları yapılmıştır. Tasarım aşaması, yazılımın kullanılabilirliğini ve görsel çekiciliğini belirlemede kritik öneme sahiptir. Yazılım arayüzünün görsel olarak temsil edilmesini sağlayan sayfa tasarımlarının ekran görüntüleri bulgular bölümünde sunulmuştur. Kodlama aşamasında ise veri tabanı işlemleri ve sayfa tasarımlarının programlama işlemleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen yazılımda üç giriş rolü ve iki temel fonksiyon bulunmaktadır. Menü ve gıda atığı girişi yapan operatör rolü, otelde konaklayan misafirlerin giriş yaptığı misafir rolü ve tüm süreci görüntüleyip yönetebilen yönetici rolü yazılımdaki giriş rolleridir. Yazılımın iki temel fonksiyonundan biri, misafirlerin gıda atığı yönetimine dahil edilmesidir. Misafir rolünde yer alan fonksiyonlar aracılığıyla misafir ile işletme yönetimi arasında iletişim kurulmaktadır. Yazılımın diğer fonksiyonu ise gıda atıklarının tartılarak sisteme girilmesini kapsamaktadır. Planlama, tasarım ve kodlama işlemleri sonucunda geliştirilen yazılım, gerçek bir işletme ortamında test edilmiştir. Test girişlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, yazılımın operasyonel başarısını ve konaklama işletmelerindeki gıda atıklarının azaltılmasında potansiyel etkiyi ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sonuç olarak araştırmanın teorik ve pratik katkıları belirlenmiştir. Sürdürülebilir gastronomi ve atık yönetimine ilişkin mevcut literatüre yapılan katkı, çalışmanın teorik katkısını oluşturmaktadır. Sürdürülebilirlik hedefleri doğrultusunda gıda atığı sorunuyla etkin şekilde mücadele edebilme potansiyeli olan bir yazılımın geliştirilmesi ise çalışmanın pratik katkısını ortaya koymaktadır.Sustainability is explained as the capacity of individuals to protect and improve the well-being of the environment now and in the future. Sustainability principles are becoming increasingly important in many industries, especially the food and beverage industry due to globalization. One of the most important activities in ensuring sustainability is undoubtedly the effective management of food waste. In this regard, it is aimed to develop a software that enables food waste management within the scope of sustainable gastronomy in this study. Agile models where real-time feedback and continuous improvement are possible are preferred in the software development process. In this study which has been designed within the scope of qualitative research methods, the (i) planning, design (ii), coding (iii) and (iv) testing phases of the software development process have been carried out. Semi-structured interviews have been held with industry professionals and academics during the planning phase. These interviews are important in determining opinions and requirements regarding the software. During the design phase, page formats are designed in line with the criteria determined during the planning phase. The design phase is critical in determining the usability and visual appeal of the software. Screenshots of the page designs that provide a visual representation of the software interface are presented in the findings section. During the coding phase, database operations and programming of page designs have been carried out. The software developed within the scope of the study has three input roles and two basic functions. The operator role, which enters the menu and food waste, the guest role, in which guests staying at the hotel enter, and the administrator role, which can view and manage the entire process, are the entry roles in the software. One of the software's two primary functions is to involve guests in food waste management. Communication is established between the guest and the business management through the functions included in the guest role. Another function of the software includes weighing food waste and entering it into the system. The software developed as a result of planning, design and coding processes was tested in a real hotel environment. Results from the test entries have revealed the operational success of the software and its potential impact in reducing food waste in hospitality businesses. As a result, the theoretical and practical contributions of the research are determined. The contribution to the existing literature on sustainable gastronomy and waste management constitutes the theoretical contribution of the study. The development of a software that has the potential to effectively combat the food waste problem in line with sustainability goals reveals the practical contribution of the study
Effects of structured exercise program on severity of dizziness, kinesiophobia, balance, fatigue, quality of sleep, activities of daily living, and quality of life in bilateral vestibular hypofunction
No full textBackground: A minimal number of studies have documented the impact of Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) on the recovery rate of patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of structured VR programs on severity of dizziness, kinesiophobia, balance, fatigue, quality of sleep, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QoL) in subjects with chronic BVH. Method: Twenty-five participants diagnosed with BVH were included in the study. A structured VR program was applied in 50-minute sessions once a week and as a home exercise program 3 times a day over 8 weeks. Participants were evaluated for severity of dizziness with the visual analog scale, for kinesiophobia with the tampa scale of kinesiophobia, for balance with the Semitandem, tandem, and standing tests, for quality of sleep with the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, for ADL with the vestibular disorders activities of daily life, for QoL with dizziness handicap inventory and for fatigue with the fatigue severity scale at the baseline (T1), at 4th week (T2), 8th week (T3), and 20th week (T4) after study started. Results: Significant difference in terms of Tandem Test and 1 Leg Stand Test was found in favor of T3-T4 Period (P <.05). There were significant improvements in terms of vestibular disorders activities of daily life, tampa scale of kinesiophobia, Pittsburgh sleep quality index and dizziness handicap inventory in favor of the T3 to T4 Period (P <.05). Significant difference in terms of visual analog scale was found in favor of T2 Period (P <.05). Conclusions: A twelve-week structured VR program may enhance severity of dizziness, kinesiophobia, balance, quality of sleep, ADL and QoL in participants with chronic BVH. © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved
The effect of nanoclay filler addition on the foaming and mechanical properties of polypropylene
No full textIn this study, onium-ion-added nanoclay (NC)/microcellular polypropylene (PP) composites were created using a conventional injection molding machine. A chemical foaming agent was utilized to facilitate mixing. The primary focus was to analyze how altering the NC content affects the mechanical characteristics and the properties of the endothermic chemical foaming agent added PP/NC composites. The composites were created using a chemical foaming agent at a weight ratio of 1 wt% and NC at weight ratios of 0 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 5 wt%. The findings indicated that an increase in the NC ratio led to higher cell count and cell density, along with a reduction in cell diameter. Additionally, the outcomes demonstrated that the foaming of PP/NC composites resulted in decreased modulus of elasticity and tensile strength while enhancing impact strength. © 2024 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry. © 2024 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry
Prediction of the capacitance of the corn drying process parameter using adaptive- neuro-fuzzy intelligent technique with experimental validation
No full textIn this study, innovative, intelligent software based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has been developed to effectively estimate the corn drying process parameters using data from getting experimental study. For this purpose, laboratory-scale corn drier experimental setup was established to get corn drying parameters (air temperature in the different locations, air humidity, and capacitance value). The twelve sensors measure the drying parameters (s1, s2, s3, …, s12) such as inlet air temperature T1 with ±0.5 °C sensitivity, relative humidity RH1 with ±0.1 RH, inlet temperatures T2 and Tw2 with the ±0.5 °C, dryer chamber temperature Ti (i = 3,…,7) with the ±0.5 °C, outlet temperatures T8 and Tw8 with the ±0.5 °C, product moisture content with ±0.05 gr. Finally, depending on the twelve sensor parameters, the capacitance value was measured using a capacitive sensor with ±0.05% sensitivity. Accordingly, an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System architecture was developed with twelve inputs and one output. For the training of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System, 52 data sets from laboratory studies were used, and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System was successfully trained with absolute fraction of variance 0.998 and mean squared error 0.8007. For the testing the performance of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System 51 dataset was used and testing performance of the ANFIS getting with the absolute fraction of variance 0.9963 and mean squared error 1.47. Finally, the performance of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System compared with the artificial neural network (ANN), and it is clearly seen that the performance of the fuzzy-neuro hybrid algorithm is higher than the core neuro algorithm with %0.97 for the training and %31.5 for the testing. By forecasting the moisture content of corn under various operating conditions, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System model can be used to improve the operation of the corn dryer, resulting in increased efficiency, lower energy usage, and higher-quality dried corn. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC