Portail HAL UHA (Université de Haute-Alsace)
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Understanding the mode of action of arsenic(III) on the fungus Neofusicoccum parvum: Target protein identification
No full textInternational audienceBefore it was banned, sodium arsenite was the unique fungicide able to control fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases. However, its mode of action has not been fully elucidated yet. This study focuses on the identification of arsenic(III)-binding proteins using an arsenic-based fluorescent probe and an arsenic-based affinity chromatography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of these techniques to demonstrate their complementarity. Mainly cysteine-rich proteins were identified, the majority of which are involved in the infection process, in particular in plant cell wall degradation, host-pathogen interaction, adhesion and pathogenicity. These proteins could therefore be relevant targets for the development of new ways of grapevine trunk disease control
ADONIS® WebApp & Mobile - Acquisition des DonnéeS à INRAE version application Web
No full textADONIS® (Acquisition of Data at INRAE) is an INRAE computer tool that meets the needs of INRAE experimenters for a modern data acquisition tool in the field.Adonis® is a functional tool, deployed at INRAE since 2013. In 2022, Adonis underwent a major evolution with the deployment of the new Adonis® WebApp and Adonis® Mobile application suite, developed as web applications.Adonis® assists the experimenter with their computer entries so that they can be made directly in the field. The use of the application suite ensures the reliability of the entries, ensures their traceability, and allows the sharing of experimental devices between users.ADONIS® (Acquisition des DONnées à INRAE) est un outil informatique INRAE qui répond aux attentes des expérimentateurs d’INRAE de disposer d’un outil moderne d’acquisition de données sur le terrain.Adonis® est un outil fonctionnel, déployé à INRAE depuis 2013. En 2022, Adonis a connu une évolution majeure avec le déploiement de la nouvelle suite applicative Adonis® WebApp et Adonis® Mobile, développée sous forme d’applications web. Adonis® assiste l’expérimentateur lors de ses saisies informatiques afin qu’elles soient directement réalisées sur le terrain. L’utilisation de la suite applicative fiabilise les saisies, assure leur traçabilité et permet le partage de dispositifs expérimentaux entre utilisateurs
Une approche contentieuse et institutionnelle des « petits pas » à la CJUE : analyse de la réforme du transfert de compétence partiel du renvoi préjudiciel
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In Situ Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers by Near-Field Photopolymerization for Ultrasensitive PFOA Plasmonic Plastic Fiber Optic Sensors
No full textInternational audiencePer-and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS), in particular perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are persistent environmental pollutants that constitute major health risks due to their toxicity and bioaccumulation potential. Their detection is therefore a crucial and immediate challenge.This study presents an innovative nanofabrication approach for preparing highly sensitive sensors to detect PFOA. This approach is based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) obtained by near-field photopolymerization (NFPP). These MIPs are grafted onto a gold-coated plastic optical fiber (POF), thanks to near-field light enhancement by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This approach enables nanoscale functionalization of POFs by MIPs, promoting accessibility to specific sites and optimizing coupling with surface plasmon. By adjusting the thickness of the MIPs through light irradiation, scalable limits of detection (LOD) from 53 aM to 6.3 pM were obtained, enabling coverage of concentrations ranging from attomolar to nanomolar scales, with a response time of only 10 minutes. POF@MIP sensors also show excellent selectivity, with no response in the presence of two analogues even at concentrations 100 times higher than that of PFOA. This PFAS sensor, exploiting SPR, is the first to achieve an LOD in the attomolar range, paving the way for advanced monitoring of these environmental contaminants.</div
Hydrogen and heat co-generation from a swirled-stabilized aluminum flame
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Développement d'architectures de commande sûres pour un véhicule terrestre autonome
No full textThe increasing automation of ground transportation necessitates the development of safe and efficient control architectures for over-actuated autonomous vehicles. This thesis focuses on designing and implementing a decentralized hierarchical control architecture that integrates longitudinal, lateral, and yaw stability control to ensure optimal vehicle performance in various operating conditions. Specifically, it addresses the challenges of vehicle control allocation, actuator dynamics, and integration of longitudinal, lateral, and lateral stability control strategies.A key contribution of this thesis is the development of advanced control allocation techniques that consider actuator dynamics, including the Daisy Chaining Kalman Filter Control Allocation (DCKFCA) and the Enhanced Weighted Pseudo-Inverse with Reference Governor (EWPI-RG). These approaches improve vehicle response by effectively distributing control inputs across multiple actuators while accounting for actuator constraints and limitations. The proposed control strategies are validated through high-fidelity simulations using the IPG CarMaker environment, demonstrating their effectiveness in various driving scenarios, including lane-keeping, path tracking, and fault-tolerant controlThe thesis contributes to the development of safer autonomous vehicle systems by reducing the driver’s workload and ensuring robust performance under different operational conditions.L'automatisation croissante du transport terrestre nécessite le développement d'architectures de contrôle sûres et efficaces pour les véhicules autonomes suractionnés.Cette thèse porte sur la conception et la mise en œuvre d'architectures de contrôle hiérarchiques décentralisées intégrant le contrôle longitudinal, latéral et de stabilité en lacet afin d'assurer des performances optimales du véhicule dans diverses conditions de fonctionnement. Elle traite en particulier les défis liés à l'allocation de commande du véhicule, à la dynamique des actionneurs et à l'intégration des stratégies de contrôle longitudinal, latéral et de stabilité latérale.Une contribution clé de cette thèse est le développement de techniques avancées d'allocation de commande prenant en compte la dynamique des actionneurs, notamment l'Allocation de commande avec Filtrage de Kalman avec Daisy Chaining (DCKFCA) et une version améliorée de la pseudo-inverse pondérée avec Reference Governors (EWPI-RG). Ces approches améliorent la réponse du véhicule en répartissant efficacement les entrées de commande entre plusieurs actionneurs tout en tenant compte de leurs contraintes et limitations. Les architectures de contrôle proposées sont validées à l'aide de simulations haute fidélité dans l'environnement IPG CarMaker, démontrant leur efficacité dans divers scénarios de conduite, notamment le maintien de voie, le suivi de trajectoire et le contrôle tolérant aux défauts.Cette thèse contribue au développement de systèmes de véhicules autonomes plus sûrs en réduisant la charge de travail du conducteur et en garantissant des performances robustes dans différentes conditions opérationnelles
Quand l’extrême droite devient “cool” : les ONG de défense des droits des personnes migrantes face aux nouvelles formes de communication politique en France
No full textInternational audienceFaced with the rise of the extreme right in France and its strategic use of ‘cool’, viral and seductive forms of communication, NGOs involved in defending the rights of migrants are facing new challenges in terms of visibility and legitimacy in digital public spaces. This research combines the contributions of information and communication sciences and management sciences to analyse the tensions between the ethics of advocacy and the contemporary constraints of digital communication. Using the Cimade case study as a starting point, we examine disintermediation strategies, the production of counter-discourses and possible reconfigurations at a time when digital aesthetics are dominated by attentional, algorithmic and affective logics. In particular, we look at the way in which ‘coolness’ is becoming a weapon of political seduction, even in the most reactionary spheres.Face à la montée en puissance de l’extrême droite en France et à ses usages stratégiques de formes de communication dites « cool », virales et séduisantes, les ONG engagées dans la défense des droits des personnes migrantes se trouvent confrontées à de nouveaux défis de visibilité et de légitimité dans les espaces publics numériques. Cette recherche croise les apports des sciences de l’information et de la communication et des sciences de gestion pour analyser les tensions entre l’éthique de la parole engagée et les contraintes contemporaines de la communication digitale. À partir de l’étude de cas de la Cimade, nous interrogeons les stratégies de désintermédiation, la production de contre-discours et les reconfigurations possibles à l’heure des esthétiques numériques dominées par les logiques attentionnelles, algorithmiques et affectives. Nous questionnons en particulier la manière dont la « coolitude » devient une arme de séduction politique, y compris dans les sphères les plus réactionnaires
Comparative Approaches to Studying Privacy: Introduction to the Special Issue
No full textInternational audienceThis editorial introduces the Social Media + Society special issue “Comparative Approaches To Studying Privacy.” Recognizing the importance of privacy in today’s digital societies and volatile political and regulatory environments, the editorial highlights the pressing need for comparative research on the topic and describes the articles in this special issue. The special issue addresses the theoretical, methodological, and practical challenges and opportunities of researching privacy across cultural, social, political, economic, and technological units of comparison. The articles in the special issue explore diverse privacy understandings, attitudes, and practices across contexts, challenging decontextualized and mono-cultural understandings in relation to social media and adjacent technologies. The special issue articles also illustrate fruitful ways privacy can be studied across different units of comparison with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Several contributions in the special issue, including this editorial, not only broaden the scope of privacy research but also encourage engagement with multi-stakeholder perspectives in the context of social media, considering the role of policy, industry, and civil society. In the editorial, we briefly relate the special issue and its contributions to the comparative privacy research framework (CPRF), which serves as a useful starting point and a solid conceptual foundation for comparative privacy research. Finally, we develop a research agenda for future comparative privacy research, which critically examines position of power and epistemological biases, evaluates the comparability of the subject of study, determining and justifying relevant units of comparison, and helps to analyze how these units interact in shaping the concept of privacy
