Journals at the University of Arizona
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THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE LYMPHOEDEMA WITH PANTOTHENIC ACID AND PYRIDOXINE: AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPICAL INVESTIGATION
No full textLymphoedema which is caused by impedance of lymph outflow from a region, is becoming recognised as the origin, or a contributing factor of many diseases. It has been shown that surgical obstruction of the cervical lymphatics results in Lymphostatic Encephalopathy. This is characterised by striking central nervous signs and a series of morphological alterations in the brain and the eye, accompanied by a lymphoedema of the muzzle (1-8). Surprisingly, it was found that these signs and alterations can be largely and safely prevented by treatment with high doses of Pantothenic acid and Pyridoxine (9, 10). This has been established in a number of species, including the rat, the dog and man.The electron microscope was used to help investigate how this treatment works. Observations were made on the lymphatics in the tongues of normal rats, of some whose cervical lymphatics had been ligated, and of others with a similar operation but with the treatment as well. The tongue was chosen since it is drained by the same lymphatics as is the brain, yet it possesses the normal, small, "initial" lymphatics which are not present in the brain. The plentiful supply of lymphatics in the fascial planes of the tongue made it easy to find enough of them. Preliminary experiments on the skin of the cheek showed similar results to those reported here, but a relative paucity of lymphatics made the findings less reliable
AN EXPERIMENT IN THE TEACHING OF LYMPHOLOGY TO MEDICAL STUDENTS - INTERNAL MEDICINE A-108: LYMPHOVASCULAR SYSTEM
No full textEDITORIA
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE LYMPHATIC FLUIDS AND PATHWAYS
No full textThe present sets of studies indicate that the fibrous capsule which encloses each tissue module divides the interstitial fluids into an intracapsular pool, and an extracapsular pool. Fluid that fllters out of the capsules into the extracapsular clefts is the source of the lymph. Because of the limited permeability of the capsularbarrier the composition of lymph differs from that of the capillary ultraf'Iltrate. Lymphatic vessels are means for the drainage of the extracapsular fluids and other materials. This approach differentiates two entirely separate types of edema: an intracapsular dependent pitting edema and an extracapsular generalized non-pittingedema. Three sets of experiments that support the foregoing hypothesis are briefly presented
THE EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA AND SURGERY ON LYMPH FLOW, PROTEIN AND LEUCOCYTE CONCENTRATION IN LYMPH OF THE SHEEP
No full textAnaesthesia and the trauma of surgery, associated with the cannulation of lymphatic ducts in various regions of the body of the sheep, had a profound effect on lymph flow, protein concentration and leucocyte concentration of lymph. In general lymph flow was depressed and the protein concentration elevated in lymph collected at the time of cannulation, or within the first 24 hours of recovery from surgery. The changes in protein concentration in lymph draining the peripheral regions of the body appeared to be due to surgical interference in the region of drainage. The greatest changes in lymph flow were observed in lymph draining peripheral regions (skin, tendon, muscular areas) while lymph draining soft tissues in central regions (kidney, liver) was less affected by the anaesthesia and surgical stress.A neutrophilia was observed in venous blood collected under anaesthesia while the overall numbers of lymphocytes in three sources of efferent lymph were depressed. It is suggested that corticosteroid hormones may play a role in the changes in leucocyte migration observed during anaesthesia and surgical stress. Changes observed in the cellular content of afferent lymph appeared to be due to a low grade inflammation associated with surgical interference in the region of lymphatic drainage
THE LYMPHATIC VESSELS OF THE UTERUS DURING THE SEXUAL CYCLES OF THE MICE
No full textOrthogude delineation and characterization of the lymph vascular system in the uterus of the mouse during the sexual cycle was achieved by absorption of Patent Blue Violet and Japan ink. The lymph vessels in the endometrium are dilated by about 8-10 times and of varying calibre during oestrus . A reticular arrangementis characteristic of the subsequent stages, while the picture during pre-oestrus resembles that of oestrus. The dye is carried away very rapidly through the larger lymph vessels in the mesometrium which have their typical string of pearls appearance
Cortical and Medullary Canine Renal Lymph Formation during_ Acetylcholine Induced Renal Vasodilation *
No full textIt is widely held that both corlex and medulla of the mammalian kidney participatein renal lymph formation ( 1). The influence of the renal cortex on renal lymph compositionis demonstrated by renal lymph to arterial plasma ratios less than unity for inulin(2), creatinine (3) and p-aminohippurate (PAH) (4). The finding that cortical extractionof inulin is reflected in the renal lymph concentration of that substance promoted thehypothesis that renal lymph may be derived from both blood plasma and tubular reabsorbate(2). More detailed information concerning the mechanisms of cortical renallymph formation requires further experimentation.Lymph formation in the r.enal medulla is well supported by anatomical findings inthe human kidney (5, 6). Even so, it has not yet been possible to demonstrate changesin canine renal lymph composition when medullary function is altered (3, 7). Thus,additional data are needed to establish the importance of the medulla in renal lymphformation.The experiments of the present study are based on the finding that the capsular lymphaticvessels of the canine kidney drain primarily the cortex, while the hilar l ymphaticvessels are believed to drain both cortex and medulla (8). The avid cortical extractionof PAH and the absence of protein from tubular reabsorbate make these two substancesof particular interest. Additional informa tion concerning both cortical and medullaryrenal lymph can thus be gained by determining capsular and hilar renal lymph concentrationsof P AH and protein before and during changes in renal hemodynamics suchas those produced by acetylcholine (ACh)
Lymphography of the Skin of the Scrotum and of the Penis in a Case of Lymphangioma circumscriptum cysticum
No full textThe skin of the scrotum possesses a surprisingly dense network of subepidermallymphatics (2) which probably serves the function of thermoregulation of this organ.The lymph drainage of the skin of the penis and of the scrotum flows to the homolateraland also to the contralateral lymphonodi inguinales sup. superficiales, and then continueson to the lymphonodi iliaci externi mediales (3, 4).Circumscribed lymphangioma is a benign tumor of the skin lymphatics, present atbirth or since early childhood at a specific location; its grouping to the skin naevi is underdiscussion (5).Histological examination reveals cystically dilated lymph vessels and lymph channelsof various sizes in the corium, the larger epidermis-covered cysts bulging tumor-likeabove the surface of the skin. This clinical picture can be complicated by the greatmechanical friability of the cysts, by lymphorrhea, by phlegmonous changes
Fine Structure of Lymphatics in the Myocardium
No full textMyocardium contains a loose network of lymphatics. The wall of cardiac lymphatics consistsof a flat endothelium without a continuous basal membrane. In the normal heart, lymphaticendothelium shows an extensive folding. In inflammatory edema of the interstitium, lymphaticlumina become unfolded, intercellular junctions of endothelial cells open, and many lipoproteidcomplexes occur in endothelial cytoplasm. The cardiac lymphatic system is regarded as a vasculardrainage system which increases in importance under pathologic conditions