Journals at the University of Arizona
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STUDIES ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPH
No full textA method is described for sampling of peripheral lymph in man. A peripheral lymphatic of the leg has been cannulated in 59 patients with various malignancies, most of whom had lymphoproliferative diseases. The cannulation was successful in 40, most of the failures were from the early period. The cannulation could be maintained for many days. The mean lymph flow was 0. 78 ml/hour, the cell content 162/mm3 with a mean output of 129 x 103 cells/hour. Differential counts revealed 70-96 per cent lymphocytes. The method is considered harmless and generally useful for lymphocyte circulation studies
INFLUENCE OF PROTEIN CONTENT UPON THE ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF LYMPH AND PLASMA
No full textThe concentration of Na^+ and Cl' is higher in renalhilar lymph (HL) than in arterial (P) or renalvenous plasma or thoracic duct lymph (TDL). Thepurpose of the present study was to test the theorythat this is the consequence of differences in proteincontent of lymph and plasma rather than a reflectionof renal function. Samples of P, HL and TDLwere obtained from dogs and analysed for Na^+, Cl',K^+ and Ca^++. The samples were then centrifugedthrough an ultrafiltration membrane to remove theprotein and reanalysed for electrolyte content.Ca^++ concentrations were reduced by 30-40% inthe (protein-free) filtrate. This was attributed toprotein binding. Na^+ and Cl' concentrations wereraised minimally (2.0 mEq/L and 5.0 mEq/Lrespectively) in protein-free filtrate of plasma, butnot in protein-free filtrate of lymph. It was concludedthat the relative protein concentration inlymph and plasma are not an important influenceon Na^+ and Cl' concentrations
LYMPHOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN A SERIES OF 258 PATIENTS WITH TUMORS OF THE TESTES
No full text258 patients with a tumor of the testis were examined by means of lymphography. The spread of metastases in inguinal, iliac, paralumbar, aortic, supra-clavicular and mediastinal regions in general follows the expected pattern. Special attention must be paid to groin and low iliac regions in patients who underwent previous operations (e.g. orchidopexia, herniotomy etc.). In 10% of the cases selective supplementary phlebo/cavography should yield further information about doubtful regions in the pelvis and to the right of the lumbar spine; if there is an uncertain region to the left of the lumbar spine, follow- up examinations are suggested
COLLECTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS OF PERIPHERAL LYMPH AND INTERSTITIAL FLUID IN MAN
No full textMethods used for collection and measurement ofphysiological parameters of peripheral lymph andinterstitial fluid in man have been described, basingon the experience of lymphological groups fromWarsaw and Oslo and on data from the relevantliterature. The review consists of description ofmethods for chronic cannulation of leg lymphatics,collection of lymph from skin lymphatic vessels,measurement of peripheral lymph flow, lymph hydrostaticand oncotic pressures, collection of interstitialfluid with the capsular, liquid-paraffin cavity, wickand skin window methods, interstitial fluid hydrostaticand oncotic pressure measurement
LYMPHOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF NODAL EXTRAMEDULLARY HEMATOPOIESIS SIMULATING LYMPHOMA
No full textA 63 year old man underwent lymphography becauseof anemia, splenomegaly, and fever. Nodes in thehigh para-aortic region had the appearance of involvementwith malignant lymphoma. Subsequent biopsyshowed that these changes were due to the partialreplacement of nodal tissue with extramedullaryhematopoiesis
OBSERVATIONS ON THE DEEP LYMPHATIC CIRCULATION OF THE LIMBS AND ON ITS FUNCTION (THE DEEP LYMPHATIC VESSELS IN THE POST-PHLEBITIC SYNDROME OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES)
No full textIn 60% of patients with post-phlebitic syndromelymphography of the lower extremity shows involvementof the deep system. In 77% of the patientsthere was increase in the number and caliber of thedeep lymphatic vessels. They frequently appearelongated, tortuous, and ectatic but usually do nQtshow signs of insufficiency. It appears as if thesevessels act as collaterals and compensate for difficienciesof the deep venous circulation. Multiplelympholymphatic and lymphovenous communicationshave been observed
PRECURSORS OF 8-LYMPHOCYTES WITH SURFACE IgM AND THEIR POSSIBLE MIGRATION FROM BONE MARROW TO PERIPHERAL LYMPHATIC TISSUES*
No full textThe lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulins (slg) represent precursors of D·lymphocytes and were studied in ontogeny of pigs by autoradiography using iodinated monospecific anti-µ , anti-g or anti-α antibodies. The earliest detection of sIgM+ small lymphocytes was at 44 days of gestation in liver, followed at 51 days in spleen and at 60 days in bone marrow, the thymocytcs being slg-negative. The first circulating small lymphocytes were detected at 38-40 days and are most probably thymus-derived. In adult pigs as well as after immunization of germ-free piglets IgM remains to represent the surface Ig on bone marrow lymphocytes while in peripheral lymphatic tissues there is appearance of lymphocytes labelled with anti-g or anti-α. The percentage of sIgM+ lymphocytes in bone marrow is extremely small and also the density of sIgM per cell is low
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE UTERINE LYMPHATICS OF JUVENILE MICE, UP TO THE ONSET OF SEXUAL MATURITY
No full textBy means of orthograde and retrograde applicationof dyestuffs (using patent blue violet and Japan ink)one can succesfully demonstrate the uterine lymphaticsin juvenile mice, up to the onset of sexual maturity.However, the three subgroups used here donot show the typical features of the cyclical eventsof nulliparous and parous mice. However, the morphologicalchanges already present, allow one even nowto recognize, that with the increasing sequence ofindividual sexual cycles, cyclical changes in the uterinelymphatics of the mouse were identified
DISTRIBUTION OF METHOTREXATE BETWEEN PLASMA AND PERIPHERAL LYMPH IN MAN
No full textThe distribution of methotrexate (MTX) to interstitialfluid has been studied by determination of MTXin peripheral lymph from the leg and in plasma afterparenteral administration to 6 patients. Peak concentrationsof MTX in lymph appear 0.5 to 3.25 h afterpeak concentrations in plasma. Maximal concentrationsin lymph are 16 to 48% lower than in plasma.MTX concentration ratios lymph/plasma were higherthan 1.0 (1.0-2.8) in 4 patients, and lower than 1.0(0.2-0.8) in 2 patients. 12 to 34% of MTX wasprotein bound in lymph, but the variation in theratio of bound to free MTX per g lymph proteinwas only 0.13 to 0.18. The patients with a lymph/plasma MTX ratio above 1.0 will have high andfavourable MTX concentrations for distribution totumours in peripheral tissue, while in the patientswith a low ratio conditions for distribution are lessfavourable. The results indicate that pharmacokineticsof MTX are in accordance with a two or multicom-partment model with varying distribution characteristics.The present observations indicate that distributionof MTX is blood flow limited, but the influenceof permeability cannot be excluded
