Journals at the University of Arizona
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LYMPHOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION OF LYMPHATICOVENOUS COMMUNICATIONS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN MALIGNANT HEMOLYMPHOPATHIES
No full textThe presence of lymphaticovenous communications (l.v.c.) besides the junction between the thoracic duct and the 1eft subclavian vein is no longer doubted today. Experimental studies (2, 3) as well as the anatomical dissection studies (10, 14) have proved the existence of such communications at all levels. Lymphography has made them visible in vivo. Their visualization is always related to an obstruction of the lymphatic flow, due either to node metastases (1, 7, 8, 9, 16, 17) or to sclerosis subsequent to x-ray therapy (5), as well as to surgical interruption of lymphatic circulation after removal of lymph nodes (1, 12). Only few papers mention l.v.c. in malignant hemolymphopathies (5, 6, 11, 13).It appears that in humans l.v.c begin to function only in pathologic conditions i.e. in case of defficiency of the lymphatic chains which become inadequate to prevent the accumulation of lymph in the interstitial or free spaces of the organism. On the other hand the opening of l.v.c. might favour the spread of tumor cells in the blood circulation and the occurrence of distant metastases.The object of this paper is to demonstrate by radiographic examination the presence of l.v.c. and to discuss the significance the opening of these communications might have in the evolution of some malignant hemolymphopathies
THE ROLE OF LYMPHOGRAPHY IN "APPARENTLY LOCALIZED" PROSTATIC CARCINOMA
No full textThe preliminary results of an ongoing protocol which is attempting to determine the incidence of lymph node metastases in unselected patients with previously untreated, "apparently localized" carcinoma of the prostate are briefly presented. All patients have disease confined to the prostate gland or periprostatic bed, without evidence of metastasis by standard clinical, laboratory, and radiographc (excluding lymphography) tests. Following lymphographY, a "staging laparotomy" is performed which permits histologic documentation of lymph node metastais and provides data for the evaluation of lymphographic accuracy
VENOGRAPHY OF THE LEFT RENAL AND LEFT GONADAL VEINS AS A SUPPLEMENT TO LYMPHOGRAPHY. REPORT OF FOUR CASES
No full textThe interpretation of lymphographic findings in the left lumbar region is occasionally equivocal. Venography of the left renal and the left gonadal vein may constitute a valuable supplement to lymphography
LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION IN HODGKIN'S DISEASE
No full textThe immunologic deficiency of Hodgkin's disease includes skin anergy, delay in homograft rejection, negative transfonnation response of blood lymphocytes, and susceptibility to infections, particularly those of fungal or or viral etiology (1, 3, 5). Since thymus-derived lymphocytes normally mediate these functions, a disturbance of this cell system would account for the observed immunological deficiencies in Hodgkin's disease.The majority, if not all of thymus-derived lymphocytes belong to the pool of recirculating, long-lived, small lymphocytes and an unimpeded circulation of these cells between lymph and blood is considered essential for a complete expression of their immunocompetence. Blockage and alteration of this circulation at the level of the lymph node is likely to occur in patients with Hodgkin's disease because of the characteristic infiltration of the lymph nodes by neoplastic cells.The question arises, therefore, whether the immunological deficiencies of Hodgkin's disease are due to intrinsically incompetent lymphocytes or the result of a faulty circulation of intrinsically competent lymphocytes. To answer this question the thoracic duct lymphocytes as well as blood lymphocytes of a patient withHodgkin's disease have been studied with regard to re-circulation and immunocompetence
CERVICAL LYMPHATO-VENOUS SHUNT IN TREATMENT OF ASCITES IN CAVAL-CONSTRICTED DOGS AND IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS
No full textIn experimental ascites produced by inferior vena caval constriction there is a pressure gradient at the thoracic duct-venous junction suggesting a functional obstacle to lymph flow. Abdominal fluid and protein are transported mainly by the right lymph trunk and not by the thoracic duct. External drainage of the thoracic duct or construction of a new, wider thoracic duct-venous anastomosis facilitates, however, transport of excess capillary filtrate formed in the liver and decreases fluid spillage into the peritoneal cavity.Construction of a cervical lymphato-venous anastomosis was attempted in 21 patients, 20 of whom had cirrhosis, and the operation was technically successful in 16 cases. Operation was helpful in cirrhotic patients with rapid ascites formation, who required less frequent abdominal paracenteses operation. The shunt was without benefit in prevention of oesophageal varix bleedings, and it should not be attempted in patients with icterus and severe deterioration of liver function.Key Words: Ascites - lymphato venous shunt in; lymphato-venous anastomosis in ascites; lymph flow in experimental ascites peritoneal cavity - lymphatic drainage; thoracic duct - resistance at orifice o
THE VALUE OF LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY IN CHYLURIA: A REPORT OF THREE CASES.
No full textThe lymphographic findings in three patients sufferingfrom idiopathic chyluria are described. Thesefindings included lymphangiectases and retrogradefilling of kidney lymphatics; bilaterally in two andunilaterally in one patient. In the latter patient,the contrast was also seen entering the renal calycesand pelvis before passing to the bladder. The thoracicduct was patent in all three cases. The value oflymphangiography in patients with chyluria isemphasized
Report on the "Third International Conference on Lymphatic Tissue and Germinal Centers in Immune Reabtions"
No full textThe third "Germinal Center Con~erence" was organized by the Department of Histology, University of Uppsala (K. Limfahl-Kiessling, K. E. Fichtelius, ]. Linna, R. C. Hard, T. Brenning, 0. Back) in collaboratibn with the Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge ( M. G. Hanna, jr.). In a partial break with the traditional pattern established in the two preceeding coniferences, more than 50 papers on topics only partly concerned with germinal center function were presented in 10 consecutive scientific sessions.Although the proceedings of the meeting will be ready for publication early in 1971,a short annotation on some of the presentations may provide advance information
The Possible Role of Dermal Lymphatics in the Dissemination of Breast C@ncer
No full textThe authors studied the role of the dilated cutaneous lymphatic capillaries, which functionas a subsidiary draining system in advanced breast cancer in 7 patients. They selected thematerial by using the Patent blue dye test, then administered P32 isotope preoperatively forautoradiographic detection of tumour cell emboli in the mammary skin, excised by mastectomy.In half of the cases the histological follow-up of autoradiographically positive skin-samplesshowed the existence of cancer-cell nests in the minute lymphatics. They call attention to thefact, that the skin-area in question will not be removed totally by mastectomy, so that tumourcells which have become lodged in its dilated lymphatics may serve as a starting-point for localrenewal and late dissemination. In support of their statement they bring some of their ownobservations
LYMPHATIC AND VENOUS TRANSPORT OF COLLOIDS FROM THE TISSUES
No full textColloid molecules injected into the tissues are absorbed both by lymphatic and blood capillaries. In dogs with cannulated thoracic duct, 94% of I131-albumin injected into the renal cortex was recovered within 1 min in renal venous blood, after 5 min, 90% of Cr51 labelled blood corpuscles was found in circulating blood. In 6 hours, 5.4 ± 1. 7% of albumin and 11.1 ± 1.5 of Au198 -colloid, (diam. 300-700 Å) injected into the myocardium is transported by the lymphatics, 35% of the albumin was found in circulating plasma and 8.6 ± 1.2 of the gold colloid was recovered in plasma and liver. From the pancreas, 7.2 ± 2.0% of the albumin and 7.0 ± 0.5% pf the gold colloid was transported by the lymphatics, and 12.3% (albumin} and 1.2 ± 0.4% (Au 198-coIL) by blood capillaries. Lymphatic transport of the gold colloid from the intestinal wall was 15.9 ± 1.9% recovery in liver and plasma 1.4 ± 0.8%. From contracting skeletal muscle, lymphatic transport of albumin was 40.1 ± 3.5% and of gold colloid 4.6 ± 0.72%. Recovery of albumin in circulating plasma was 3.7% of gold colloid in plasma and liver 0.5 ± 0.1%. From the subcutis, 21.6 ± 6.2% of albumin is transported by lymphatics, 11% by blood capillaries. Tissue pressure increased during injection but preinjection values were reestablished within 2 to 5 minutes. Accordingly, tissue pressure changes do not play a dominant role in colloid absorption