Journals at the University of Arizona
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REVIEW IN LYMPHOLOGY - THE INTERACTION BETWEEN INTRACAPILLARY AND TISSUE FORCES IN THE OVERALL REGULATION OF. INTERSTITIAL FLUID VOLUME
No full textThis article is an attempt to integrate recent work on the regulation of interstitial volume with past work from this laboratory and others. A simple mathematical approach indicates how extremely sensitive interstitial fluid pressure and lymph flow are to small changes in interstitial fluid volume and how these two tissue factors coupled with tissue protein washout interact to maintain the tissues in a nonedematous state
LYMPHOGRAPHY 1977. A REVIEW OF SOME TECHNICAL POINTS
No full textDescriptions of the usual and well establishedmethods of lymphography are readily available(1) and will not be repeated here. Insteadsome of the current refinements of techniqueand some new routes and approaches, chieflythose used in the practice of the author andhis associates will be discussed
SURGICAL EXPLORATION OF THE ABDOMINAL LYMPHATIC SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANCIES
No full textIn the management of selected patient with malignantdiseases, laparotomy can be useful for determiningthe anatomic exstent of disease in order to individualizeappropriate intensive treatment. The decisionto subject a patient to a staging; laparotomyrequires joint decisions by surgeons, radiationtherapists, chemotherapists, and diagnostic radiologists,after a thorough preoperative abdominal evaluationhas been made. The lymphangiogram is especiallyimportant for directing the surgeon to asingle node of concern. Special efforts must be madeto insure that the specific node in question isbiopsied.The justification of such a surgical procedure assumesthat definitive decisions in management of suchpatients will result in an improved prognosis. Whilethis appears to be the case with Hodgkin's diseaseand lymphomas, studies are underway to prove thisassumption in other neoplasms. For PtOSt patients,staging laparotomy presently represepts an investigationalprocedure of value only in selected patients.The critical problem is how these patients can beidentified
LYMPH FLOW AND PROTEIN IN THE NORMAL MALE LEG DURING LYING, GETTING UP, AND WALKING
No full textLeg lymph protein concentration and output,lymph/serum total protein and albumin ratio andlymph flow/concentration relationship were studiedin four normal men with limbs immobilized in thehorizontal position over two 24-hour periods,followed by a day in the upright position. A highconcentration of total protein and albumin and theL/S ratio and a high protein output were found withimmobilization. Assumption of the upright positionafter 24 hours of horizontal rest was followed by ahigh lymph flow with high protein concentration.This effect suggested the accumulation of largeamounts of protein in the lymph space during thepreceding rest period. The failure of lymph proteinconcentration to fall and an insignificant decrease inL/S total protein ratio render it unlikely that asudden rise in capillary filtration occurred. Moreover,an essentially unchanging total protein and albuminL/S ratio is evidence against a sudden increase incapillary permeability. Moreover, a continuousdecrease in lymph protein concentration during theday in the upright position probably occurs when" new" capillary filtrate replaces the proteinsaccumulated in the lymph space during the periodsin the horizontal position. There is no diurnalrhythm in lymph protein concentration. The fastand large lymph flow that develops after assumptionof the upright position and the continuous proteinwash-out with ambulation are protective safetyfactors against edema formation in the leg
SUCCESSFUL DIAGNOSIS OF LYMPHANGIOLEIOMYOMATOSIS WITH TRANSBRONCHIAL LUNG CRYOBIOPSY
No full textA 47-year old female was evaluated inour clinic for an incidental discovery ofdiffuse cystic lung disease on high-resolutioncomputed tomography (CT) scan of the chest.There was no personal or family history oftuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), siccasymptoms, pneumothorax, or skin or renaltumors. Review of her chest CT scan showedbilateral, round, uniform, thin-walled cystspresent in a diffuse distribution characteristicof lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). CTscan of the abdomen and pelvis did not revealangiomyolipomas, lymphangioleiomyomas,abnormal lymphadenopathy, or chylous fluidcollections. Serum vascular endothelial growthfactor-D was non-diagnostic. In order toachieve diagnostic confirmation, the patientunderwent transbronchial cryobiopsy of thelung, revealing changes consistent with LAM.Our case highlights the utility of transbronchiallung cryobiopsy in the evaluation ofpatients with suspected LAM and suggeststhat further investigation of this diagnostictechnique is warranted in patients presentingwith diffuse cystic lung diseas
Sleeping with the enemy? Biodiversity conservation, corporations and the green economy
No full textAbstract This article explores the surprising closeness and apparent warmth of the relations between biodiversity conservation organisations and corporations. It argues that in this paradoxical engagement, conservationists are exhibiting an extreme form of pragmatism - a willingness to 'sleep with the enemy.' The article considers the implications of these arrangements using the metaphor of a Faustian Bargain, a deal with the devil to acquire power in exchange for the soul. It considers the lure to conservationists of the logics underlying collaboration in the forms of market-based neoliberal conservation and the green economy in the light of the long-standing tradition of opposition in the face of the destructive engagement between capitalism and nature. It considers the benefits of conservation of its Faustian bargain, and explores its consequences. Key Words: biodiversity conservation, neoliberal conservatio
Community, commons, and degrowth at Dancing Rabbit Ecovillage
No full textAbstract For centuries, intentional communities of various sorts have been formed to experiment with alternative socio-cultural and economic models. As we enter the Anthropocene and find ourselves in a world challenged to create a post-carbon economy that is no longer reliant on endless growth, such models are in greater demand than ever. Since the mid-1990s, hundreds of ecovillages around the world have been experimenting with ways to achieve prosperity without growth. Linking to three transition discourses, this article uses ongoing ethnographic research to describe how one intentional community – Dancing Rabbit Ecovillage in northeast Missouri, USA – is forging such models by cultivating cooperative cultural values and behaviors, recreating the commons, and sharing their experiences and lessons with broader publics through media, research, and educational programs. Based on ongoing participatory action research, I present data on areas such as energy use, water use, solid waste production, and perceived happiness to illustrate that the community is achieving the decreased consumption patterns required for degrowth while maintaining a high quality of life for its members. Finally, the paper reflects on the role of the activist-researcher facing the dual tasks of helping the community move toward its goals while simultaneously translating the particular to more broadly applicable theory and practice. Key words: commons, degrowth, ecovillages, intentional communities, participatory action research, transition discourse
Timebanking in New Zealand as a prefigurative strategy within a wider degrowth movement
No full textAbstract A movement is gaining traction in New Zealand around timebanks, networks of support in which members exchange favors such as gardening, lifts to the supermarket, pet care, language lessons, career advice, or smartphone tutorials. An online currency is used to track these exchanges, with one hour of work earning one time credit. While each transaction may seem commonplace, when timebanks flourish they work to reshape motivations and opportunities for engaging in labor, and relocalize networks of solidarity, friendship, and resources. Participants reported examples of developing unexpected friendships and renewed enthusiasm for a larger collective project of building alternatives to the currently dominant growth-addicted economic model. These processes contribute to the establishment of foundational, mostly small-scale networks that are enjoyable to use in the here and now, while also creating the potential for these systems to be scaled up or linked together in response to greater economic, ecological, and social changes. Timebank developers in New Zealand are negotiating several structural challenges in their attempts to bring these networks to fruition. This article shares results of ethnographic research amongst seven North Island timebanks, and offers suggestions for future research in this area. Keywords: timebank, community currency, activism, degrowth, New Zealan
Petri dishes of an archipelago: the ecological rubble of the Chilean salmon farming industry
No full textAbstract This article narrates part of the history of salmon flu in the Chilean salmon industry, and attempts to tie together environmental history and political ecology in order to reveal the complicated non-human and human collectives that constitute its "ecological rubble." It draws from ethnographic and archival research to show the views among salmon farm workers and local Chilotes who both supported and contested the industry in contradictory ways. Amidst a milieu of technocratic narratives of control, and blindness to nonhuman agencies, they themselves became simultaneously part of new forms of ecological rubble: hidden harms the industry brought to their archipelagic home. I argue that only through an awareness of these hidden collectives of both material and human social relations can we hope to weather the storms of production and destruction that industrial aquaculture births at sea. Key words: environmental history, aquaculture, disease, agriculture, salmon farming, Latin America, Chile
Nitrogen, science, and environmental change: the politics of the Green Revolution in Chile and the global nitrogen challenge
No full textAbstract The widespread use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers during the second half of the 20th century radically transformed agricultural production and ecosystems on a global scale. Although the "N challenge" or the "N problem" has had limited public attention compared to biodiversity loss and climate change, scientists consider N pollution a leading ecological concern for the 21st century. Accordingly, a major challenge for scientists and policymakers around the world today is how to meet food production demands while also protecting the environment. Using Chile as a case study—one of the highest consumers of N fertilizer per hectare in the Americas—this article examines the transnational politics of production and destruction in this process of agricultural modernization. In the Cold War context, a transnational network of scientists, agencies, and authorities created an institutional framework for the transference of knowledge and technology in Chile during the 1960s. Paradoxically, as local and global reliance on N fertilizers increased, scientists were able to generate a narrative about the negative environmental effects of intensive N use and highlight the ecological limits of the Green Revolution. After 1973, however, this knowledge network suffered as a result of the Chilean government's anti-communist crackdown and adoption of market-based agricultural policies. Understanding this history of how politics shaped N consumption, science, and policy is critical to current efforts to create new of agricultural production on a regional and global scale. Keywords: nitrogen, fertilizers, the Green Revolution, Cold War, Chile, science, environment, policy, Global Nitrogen Challenge, agriculture, United State