Hakkari Üniversitesi Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
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Synthesis of a Molecular Tweezer Based on Norbornadiene Framework: Unexpected Stereoselectivity
No full textIn this study, a new type of Klarner tweezer, which has multiple hydrogen bonding acceptors, was synthesized. This tweezer is based on the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane framework and comprises two near-parallel flat aromatic rings as pincers and a pyrazine unit as the tether. The synthesis was carried out by the annulation of a bicyclic α-amino ketone. Surprisingly, this reaction took place stereo-selectively, though the initial alpha-amino ketone starting material was racemic. This unexpected result was explained by theoretical studies
EĞİTİMDE SOSYAL HİZMET İHTİYACI ÖLÇEĞİ: BİR ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, eğitim ortamlarında sosyal hizmet ihtiyacını belirlemek ve bu ihtiyacı ölçmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç geliştirmektir. “Eğitimde Sosyal Hizmet İhtiyacı Ölçeği (ESHİÖ)”, eğitim kurumlarındaki sosyal hizmet ihtiyacını daha kapsamlı ve çok boyutlu bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma, metodolojik bir araştırma olup, ölçek geliştirme sürecini kapsamaktadır. Ölçek, 18 yaş ve üzeri 640 öğretmenden oluşan bir örneklem grubu üzerinde test edilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini ve güvenirliğini belirlemek için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılığı ise Cronbach's Alpha katsayısı ile değerlendirilmiştir. AFA sonuçlarına göre ölçek, eğitimde sosyal hizmet ihtiyacını tek faktör altında ölçmektedir ve yüksek bir Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) değeri ile Bartlett’s testi sonuçları, ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini doğrulamaktadır. DFA sonuçları sonucu elde edilen uyum değerleri, tek faktörlü yapının güçlü bir şekilde desteklendiğini ve ölçeğin geçerliliğinin yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçeğin güvenilirliği için Cronbach's Alpha değeri 0,973 olarak bulunmuş, bu da ölçeğin yüksek iç tutarlılık ve güvenilirliğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Geliştirilen ESHİÖ, sayesinde eğitim kurumlarındaki sosyal hizmet ihtiyacı ortaya konulabilir ve bu ihtiyaçlara yönelik politikalar geliştirilebilir. Eğitim ortamlarına entegre edilecek sosyal hizmet uygulamaları ile öğrencilerin bireysel, sosyal ve akademik ihtiyaçlarına daha etkin çözümler sağlanabilir. Ölçeğin daha geniş bir popülasyona uyarlanması, elde edilen bulguların eğitim politikalarına rehberlik etmesini sağlayabilir.The aim of this study is to identify the need for social work in educational settings and to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure this need. The " Scale of Social Work Needs in Education (SSWNE)" is designed to evaluate the need for social work in educational institutions from a comprehensive and multidimensional perspective. This study follows a methodological research design and focuses on the scale development process. The scale was tested on a sample of 640 teachers aged 18 and above. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to determine the construct validity and reliability of the scale. Internal consistency of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. According to the EFA results, the scale measures the need for social work in education under a single factor, with a high Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value and Bartlett’s test results confirming the construct validity of the scale. CFA fit indices also strongly supported the single-factor structure, demonstrating high validity. For reliability, the Cronbach’s Alpha value was found to be 0.973, indicating high internal consistency and reliability of the scale. The developed SSWNE can highlight the need for social work in educational institutions, allowing for the development of policies to address this need. Integrating social work practices into educational settings can provide more effective solutions to meet students' individual, social, and academic needs. Broader application of the scale across different populations may guide educational policies based on these findings
Comparison of calculation methods and artificial neural network results in regional solar irradiation prediction
No full textThe comparison of commonly used prediction models for solar irradiation and the determination of the most suitable prediction model regionally are crucial aspect. In this study, the results of solar irradiation prediction obtained from artificial neural network (ANN) models created using the same input parameters as frequently used calculation models for solar irradiation determination have been evaluated. Furthermore, by ensuring that the coefficients used in the calculation models are determined according to each study area, the calculation of solar irradiation at the optimum value has been achieved solely through empirical equations. The study encompasses Ağrı, Hakkari, Siirt, Şırnak and Van provinces in southeastern Turkey, which have high solar energy potential. The basic objective of this study is to present a comparative study among different solar irradiation calculation models and various ANN models enabling the prediction of solar irradiation using different input parameters in these models. In this context to investigate their applicability, and to determine successful models for predicting solar irradiation in the study areas. In this context, the accuracy and suitability of 5 sunshine-based, 4 temperature-based, and 4 hybrid calculation models containing different meteorological parameters, as well as 1 sunshine-based, 2 temperature-based, and 4 hybrid ANN-based models in which the parameters in each calculation model are used as input parameters, have been evaluated. The performance of all models has been evaluated using performance criteria such as mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), and correlation coefficient (R). According to the results obtained, the performance of all ANN models for many provinces lies within acceptable prediction limits. However, according to the MBE, RMSE, nRMSE, and R values, the best performance results were obtained in Siirt for the sunshine-based “Exponential” calculation model with values of −1.2369, 3.3951, 20.9577 and 98.93, respectively, and for the hybrid-based ANN model “Meenal Model-I” with values of 0.0189, 2.1965, 12.6898 and 96.42, respectively. The results obtained from the temperature-based models did not perform well for the designated study areas. Accordingly, the worst solar irradiation prediction performance in Siirt was recorded with the temperature-based calculation model “Meenal” at 2.1452, 9.0254, 36.4125 and 54.46, and in Van with the “Bristow and Campbell” ANN model at −0.1313, 4.3909, 25.2921 and 83.63, respectively. Based on the prediction results obtained from all regions, it was determined that sunshine-based calculation models and hybrid-based ANN models are sufficient as forecasting models for successfully estimating the solar radiation required for Photovoltaic systems
Assessment of conservation status of Ferula huber-morathii: association with population genetic structure and regional climate
No full textFerula huber-morathii is an endemic and medicinally important plant. This species is distributed in eight Turkish localities, including three newly identified ones. Its extent of occurrence and area of occupancy is determined to be 3963 km2 and 32 km2 respectively. All localities are characterized by East Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean precipitation regimes; however, temperatures increase excessively and precipitation decreases during the flowering period of the species. The population sizes are quite small, and the number of reproducing individuals in some populations is below ten. Analyses of ISSR markers showed the percentage of polymorphic loci to be 94% at the species level and 56% at the population level. The level of genetic differentiation (measured by GST) was 0.37 and the estimated level of gene flow among populations (NM) was 0.84. The percentage of variance occurring within and among populations, determined by AMOVA, was 75% and 25%, respectively. STRUCTURE analysis revealed two genetic clusters of individuals with a geographic structure, similar to that found in UPGMA and an ordination analysis. Some populations turned out to have both low numbers of individuals and low genetic diversity. Since many of the populations are subject to anthropogenic disturbance, the species should remain in the EN category. At the same time, it is suggested that a new in-situ conservation area should be created around nearby dams, situated in the same climate area as the currently known populations
Ray trajectories and wave optics in a traversable wormhole: Optics of a minimal surface
No full textThis study investigates ray trajectories and wave propagation in a static, (2 + 1)-dimensional,radially symmetric traversable wormhole (TWH) spacetime with a constant redshift function anda radial shape function proportional to 1∕. The spatial geometry forms a minimal surface (acatenoid bridge), enabling a geometric-optical interpretation. An analysis of the ray trajectoriesreveals how the curvature-induced structure of the wormhole (WH) governs the ray paths,depending on the relative sizes of the radial coordinate and the throat radius ◦. Extendingthe study to wave dynamics, we derive a refractive index (, ) that explicitly depends onboth and the wave frequency , identifying a critical frequency that marks the transitionbetween propagation and attenuation. These results demonstrate how the WH’s topology distinctlyinfluences wave propagation and may inform future developments in analogue gravity models andadvanced optical media.</p
