Caritas University Journals
Not a member yet
267 research outputs found
Sort by
Optimization of a High-Performance Wellhead Connector for Enhanced Natural Gas Extraction
Get PDFThe development and Optimization of a high-performance wellhead connector for enhanced natural gas extraction was conducted. The paper presents the development of a structurally robust wellhead connector for providing natural gas recovery, utilizing advanced engineering design principles alongside finite element analysis (FEA) to ensure optimal performance and reliability. By leveraging FEA, the study effectively identifies weaknesses and areas for improvement in the connector\u27s structure, ultimately leading to a refined, high-performance solution tailored to meet specific functional requirements. This paper demonstrates the importance of integrating analytical methods with practical applications to achieve superior outcomes in product development. The approach entails a comprehensive evaluation of material selection by API 6A standards, ensuring that all materials are suitable for high-pressure environments. The results indicate that the adapter is capable of withstanding pressures up to 5000 psi, demonstrating its durability in high-stress environments. Furthermore, it boasts a safety factor exceeding 2.0, which confirms its reliability under extreme conditions and ensures its longevity during prolonged use. This combination of high-pressure tolerance and a significant safety margin makes the adapter an excellent choice for applications requiring dependable performance. This research presents a comprehensive framework to enhance the structural integrity and manufacturability of wellhead equipment before its deployment in the field. Eventually, these developments contribute to improved effective productivity and protection in natural gas extraction processes
Enhancing Risk Assessment In Nigerian 330kv Transmission Grid Using Fuzzy Based Ultra Capacitor
Get PDFThe reliability and stability of the Nigerian 330 kV transmission grid are frequently challenged by contingencies such as line outages, equipment failures, and sudden load variations, which often result in voltage instability and large-scale blackouts. Conventional contingency evaluation methods, including deterministic and probabilistic approaches, face limitations in addressing the nonlinear dynamics, uncertainties, and rapid decision-making requirements of modern power systems. This study proposes a fuzzy-based ultra-capacitor framework for enhancing contingency evaluation in the Nigerian 330 kV transmission network. The fuzzy logic component provides an intelligent decision-making mechanism capable of handling imprecise and uncertain system data, while the ultra-capacitor offers rapid dynamic voltage support during transient disturbances. The integration of these technologies enables faster and more accurate assessment of fault scenarios, improves voltage stability margins, and reduces recovery time following disturbances. Simulation studies conducted on a modeled Nigerian 330 kV grid using MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed system significantly improves contingency detection accuracy, reduces voltage deviations, and enhances grid resilience compared to conventional methods. The findings suggest that adopting fuzzy-based ultra-capacitor systems can provide an adaptive and robust solution for ensuring operational security, minimizing outage risks, and supporting the stability of Nigeria’s high-voltage transmission infrastructure. The results obtained were the conventional inaccurate or missing measurement data that caused poor contingency evaluation in Nigerian 330kv transmission grid was22s. However, when Fuzzy based ultra-capacitor was injected into the system , it simultaneously reduced to19.1s and the conventional low short circuit capacity and weak grid that caused poor contingency evaluation in Nigerian 330kv transmission grid was1.5 KA. Meanwhile when Fuzzy based ultra-capacitor was input into the system, it instantly increased it to 2 KA. Finally, with these results obtained, it meant that the percentage enhancement in contingency evaluation in Nigerian 330kv transmission grid when Fuzzy based ultra-capacitor was inculcated into the system was33%
Democratic Governance and Educational Development in Nigeria Focus on Ebonyi State (2015-2024)
Get PDFThis paper examines democratic governance and educational development in Nigeria. Focus on Ebonyi State (2015-2024). The research objective was to ascertain how democratic governance had influenced education in Ebonyi State. The population of the study was 1,503 with a sample size of 316. The descriptive survey research design was applied because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. Both primary and secondary sources were used to elicit data which were analysed by means of simple percentages, frequencies and mean scores, while the chi-square statistical tool was applied in the test of hypothesis. With chi-square value (280.87) > critical value (2.733) democratic governance has not significantly influenced educational development in Ebonyi State. The study, therefore, recommended that Ebonyi State government should endeavour to employ the funds budgeted for education in the state to that purpose so as to exterminate illiteracy, ignorance and poverty in the state. This goal can be achieved through effective democratic governance
Opinion Of Practising Journalists In Enugu On Impact Of Citizen Journalism On Mainstream Media Practice In Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the opinions of practising journalists in Enugu on the impact of citizen journalism on mainstream media practice in Nigeria and found out they believe and acknowledge citizen journalism as the new face of modern journalism, a potent phenomenon birthed by new ICT technologies and the internet, and is unleashing tremendous challenges on the practice of journalism and the communication ecosystem in Nigeria. In carrying out the study, the survey research design with the questionnaire as its instrument of data collection, was utilized. The population of the study was two hundred and forty (240), and the researcher arrived at a sample size of one hundred and fifty (150) using the Taro Yamane sample size determination formula. This study was anchored on two theories: the Technological Determinism and the Democratic Participant Media Theories. Some of the findings are that citizen journalism has made significant and revolutionary impact on the mainstream media; that many citizen journalists in Nigeria are bereft of the requisite and relevant knowledge and understanding in information sourcing, gathering, gate-keeping and dissemination; and that mainstream journalists are concerned and fearful of the deleterious negative effects of citizen journalism with its attendant penchant to fake news. It concludes that citizen journalism comes with a lot of positives, faster than the mainstream media in breaking news, supplementing the job of the professionals and keeping them on their toes, hence helping to make their work better. The recommendations, based on the findings of the study, are that governments and communication experts should create and float enlightenment and training programmes for the citizen journalists in the country to invest in them the professional skills they lack; that governments create and enforce laws against fake news and unverified reports and that the mainstream media continue to partner with citizen journalists to engender mutually beneficial synergy and robust relationship that will enhance the practice of journalism in Nigeria
Effect of Entrepreneurial Development and its Dimensions on the Sustainability of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Kwara State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study investigated the effect of entrepreneurial development and its key dimensions on the sustainability of SMEs. Utilizing a survey research design, data were collected through questionnaires from 154 SME owners and managers in Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. The analysis identified 15 significant factors based on "Initial Eigenvalues," retaining those with eigenvalues greater than 1. These factors collectively account for 66.162% of the total variance in the observed variables, while post-rotation analysis explains 51.038% of the variance. Although the cumulative percentage before rotation is 66.162%, the note "When factors are correlated, sums of squared loadings cannot be added to obtain a total variance" clarifies the differences in cumulative percentages. The scree plot further supports the retention of 15 factors, indicating a distinct elbow where eigenvalues stabilize. The findings will aid SME managers in implementing entrepreneurial development strategies to achieve sustainable competitive advantage and provide guidance for regulatory agencies in formulating policies that promote the growth and survival of SME
Comparative Proximate Composition of German Mango (MangiferiaOdorata) and Sweet Mango (MangiferiaCarabao)
Get PDFComparative proximate composition was carried out on the two local varieties of mango pulp German mango (Mangiferaododrata) and sweet mango (Mangiferacarabao) commonly consumed in Enugu town, Enugu state. The moisture content of the pulp ranges from 74.49% for German mango (M. ododrata) to 81.2% for sweet mango (M. odorata). Ash ranges from 0.41% for sweet mangoto 0.63%for German mango. Dietary fiberranges from 0.89% for sweet mango to 1.05% for German mango. The carbohydrate content was found to range from 14.98% for German mango to 18.91% for sweet mango while protein range from 1.21% to 1.71% for sweet mango and German mango respectively. The fat content for the pulp ranges from 0.05% for German mango to 0.06% for sweet mango. The pH value of the pulp was observed to range from 5.50 for German mango to 5.61 for sweet mango. The sugar content was found to be high in sweet mango 6.36% than German mango6.16%. The German mango variety was found to have higher nutritional value quality and most acceptable from sensory evaluation. The dietary parameters of the mango fruitpulps in this study were compared with benchmark for fruit groups and found to meet local and internationalrequirements recommended by EU/WHO and National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control(NAFDAC, Nigeria). The results showed that these mango fruit varieties are of high nutritional quality and will compete favorably in the international market
Enhancing Constant Power Supply By Integrating Solar To The Microgrid Using Ann Based Supercapacitor
Get PDFThe quest for a constant and reliable power supply remains a pressing challenge, particularly in regions where conventional grid infrastructure is constrained by generation shortfalls, transmission inefficiencies, and growing energy demand. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated into micro grids offer a viable pathway toward sustainable energy solutions; however, the intermittent and variable nature of solar power necessitates effective energy storage and management strategies. This study proposes the integration of an artificial neural network (ANN)-based super capacitor energy storage system into a solar-powered microgrid to enhance supply stability, efficiency, and adaptability. The ANN controller is designed to process real-time data on load demand, solar irradiance, and state-of-charge, enabling predictive and adaptive charge–discharge management of the super capacitor. This intelligent approach mitigates the effects of solar generation fluctuations, reduces system losses, and optimizes energy dispatch to maintain a steady power output. Simulation results demonstrate improved voltage stability, reduced downtime, and enhanced energy utilization compared to conventional control methods. The findings highlight the potential of ANN-based super capacitor systems as a robust solution for achieving constant power supply in solar-integrated microgrids, thereby contributing to energy sustainability and supporting the global transition to clean energy. The results obtained were the conventional reduction of rapid irradiance fluctuation that will enhance consistent power supply in integrating solar to the micro grid was220 w/m2. on the other hand, when an ANN based super capacitor was integrated into the system, it automatically reduced to200 w/m2 and the conventional Frequency deviation/ instability that will enhance consistent power supply in integrating solar to the micro grid was42Hz. It could not attain the threshold of 50Hz thereby causing inconsistent power failure in integration of solar to the micro grid.. Meanwhile, when an ANN based super capacitor was imbibed into the system, it simultaneously increased it to 50Hz thereby making it to attain the threshold. Finally, with these results obtained, It meant that the percentage enhancement of constant power supply by integrating solar to the micro grid when an ANN based super capacitor was integrated into the system was19%
Enhancing Data Transmission In Satellite Network Using Ann Based Technique
Get PDFThe rapid expansion of global communication systems has placed increasing demands on satellite networks, particularly in terms of data transmission efficiency, reliability, and adaptability. Traditional satellite communication methods often face challenges such as bandwidth limitation, signal attenuation, noise interference, and latency, which hinder optimal data transfer. To address these challenges, this study proposes the application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based techniques for enhancing data transmission in satellite networks. The ANN model is designed to learn and adapt to dynamic channel conditions, mitigate the effects of noise and fading, and optimize modulation and coding strategies for improved throughput. Simulation results demonstrate that the ANN-based technique significantly enhances data transmission performance by reducing bit error rates, minimizing packet losses, and achieving higher spectral efficiency compared to conventional methods. The proposed approach also shows superior adaptability to varying atmospheric and network conditions, thereby ensuring reliable communication in real-time scenarios. This study underscores the potential of ANN-based intelligent methods as a robust solution for next-generation satellite communication systems, paving the way for improved connectivity, enhanced bandwidth utilization, and greater system resilience. The results obtained were the conventional packet loss to enhance data transmission in satellite network was3%. On the other hand, when an ANN based technique was integrated into it, it simultaneously reduced it to2.7% and the conventional low carrier to noise to enhance data transmission in satellite network was 8dB. Meanwhile, when an ANN based technique was incorporated into it, it spontaneously increased it to 9.6dB. Finally, the percentage enhancement of data transmission in satellite network when an ANN based technique was imbibed into the system was25%
Political Globalization And Development In South East Of Nigeria From 2015 – 2023
Get PDFThis study is an empirical examination of Political Globalization and Development in South East of Nigeria from 2015 to 2023. The study is designated to; examine the impact of international political alliance and coalition on development in south east Nigeria from 2015 – 2023 and to ascertain the impact of international nongovernmental organization in influencing political decision making on development in south east of Nigeria 2015 – 2023. The study was carried out in South East Geopolitical Zone of Nigeria, purposive sampling was used to selected Abakaliki in Ebonyi State. The population for the study consisted of 367 residents in Abakalike. A sample of 191 respondents was drawn using Taro Yamane sampling Techniques. The research design adopted for the study is Descriptive Survey Research Design, a questionnaire developed by the researcher served as the instrument for data collection. Data elicited were computed into frequency table and analyzed using simple percentage, while the chi square for employed as the statistical tool for testing of the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study are as follows. Political alliance and coalition has significant positive influence on development in South East of Nigeria from 2015 – 2023, International Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) has significant positive influence on political decision making on development in South East of Nigeria from 2015 – 2023. From the findings of the study, the study draws the conclusion. that political globalization has positive influence in social economic development, as it had to foster peace among neighboring countries, encourage international trade and consequently ensure the protection of right of citizens of state through the activities of International Non Governmental Organizations. It ensured that states complies with international treaties aimed at making the world a better place, where business and economic activities strives for the well being of all and sundry, and consequently offer the following recommendations; The Nigeria government should embrace international treaties most especially among African nations in order to foster peace and harmony conducive for socio, political and economic development. The government and other stakeholders should comply with international nongovernmental organizations in safe guarding the right of the citizens and ensuring implementation of policies aimed at achieving sustainable development goals in Nigeria. Nigeria government at all levels should endeavor to promote civic liberties and political freedom of her citizenry, in other words, the interaction of her citizens with outside nations should not be restricted
Characterization Of Rockwell Hadness Testing Machine Using Indenter Samples With Load
Get PDFHardness is a measure of the resistance of a material to be penetrated and eroded by sharp projections of other materials such as diamond. The process of creating sharp projections on any test surface is known as indentation. Hardness measurement of any material is the result of a complex process of deformation during indentation. The indenter tip geometry, which includes radius of curvature at the tip and tip angle, affects the hardness measurement by influencing the nature of the penetration process on the test surface, because every indenter deforms the specimen surface with a different geometry. The controlled indenter geometry can improve the consistency of hardness measurement. In this paper we report the estimation of two important geometrical parameters, radius of curvature and tip angle of a Rockwell indenter by using a simple method of image processing and compare the results with those obtained with a traceable 3D optical profiler. Evaluation of uncertainty in measurements is carried out as per ISO guidelines (ISO-GUM) and a detailed uncertainty budget is presented. The tip angle estimated is 119.95 degree. The radius of curvature is estimated to be 199.96 ± 0.80μm by image analysis which agrees well with the value estimated by using optical profiler i.e. 199.12 μm