International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
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International experiences in sheltering the Syrian refugees in Germany and Turkey
Get PDF About 6.8m Syrian people are displaced and living around the world. The hosted countries had to provide help and assistance to those people who targeted these countries in order to find a safe and secure place. This research is significant to know the Germany and Turkey experience in their response to the Syrian refugee crisis. Consequently, a qualitative approach has been used based on content analysis and literature review. The researchers used different sources, such as reports of UNHCR, aid agencies, as well as the reports of news agencies. The researchers concluded that the Syrian refugees in Germany and Turkey have experienced some difficulties in the main topics of the research including registration, education, health and shelter services in both countries. In light of the study results and the review of the previous studies, the researchers recommend to pay more attention to the Syrian refugees in Germany and Turkey by promoting the provided services. 
Disaster Risk Reduction Management Implementation in the Public Elementary Schools of the Department of Education, Philippines
Get PDFThis study evaluates the implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) program in terms of disaster planning awareness and preparedness to respond during hazards to prevent disasters in public elementary schools in the Alfonso Lista District, Schools Division of Ifugao. A total of thirty-six (36) public elementary school heads and school disaster risk reduction management (SDRRM) coordinators served as respondents. The survey questionnaires patterned from the DepEd-DRRM Manual were utilized in the study. The weighted mean and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used as statistical tools. The findings of the study show that the district implemented safe learning facilities and environments; formed and managed a school-based DRRM; and that the DRRM program was integrated into the curriculum for the benefit of the pupils, personnel, parents, and stakeholders visiting the schools. It reveals that the people involved in implementing the DRRM program are fully prepared for the readiness of the school facilities while the disaster preparedness activities are still improving. The school personnel are aware of and do understand the DRRM program and activities. Furthermore, the extent of disaster preparedness of the elementary schools is significantly associated with the level of their DRRM implementation in terms of safe learning facilities and environment, school risk reduction management, and DRRM integration into learners’ curricula. Moreover, the implementation of DRRM in the public elementary schools of the district is directly and significantly associated with the level of awareness and understanding of the involved personnel
Impact of 2016-2017 drought on household livestock assets and food security: the case of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in Borana zone, southern Ethiopia
Get PDFDrought has been one of the climate-related disasters affected livestock production and livelihoods of the pastoralists and agro-pastoalists in Borana zone, Ethiopia resulting in heavy economic losses. The damage and losses incurred due to droughts in Borana have not been systematically collected. This research contributed in addressing the observed gap by systematically collecting and analyzing livestock asset losses due to the 2016-2017 major drought and its food security implications. Livestock holding statistics (before and after drought) and mortalities by species among others were collected from 529 sample households using mobile data collection methods. The sample households endured losses of half of its cattle (55%), a quarter of small ruminants (23%) and twenty percent of camels (19%) due to widespread drought induced mortalities in 2016-2017. In financial terms, sample households has sustained economic losses equivalent of 2,951USD on average. These losses translated to a total financial loss about 300 million USD for study area. The total cost of the drought would have been much higher had the cost of humanitarian aid be included in the financial analysis. The immediate and residual impacts of recurrent drought on livestock and other important livelihood assets contributed to the prevailing food security outcomes. The empirical evidence from this study clearly demonstrate the socio economic impact of drought. The anticipated increase of climate related disaster events will further exacerbate existing food insecurity, encourage maladaptation and deter from achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 (end hunger) unless addressed in an integrated way locally. Further analysis of the efforts and challenges of mainstreaming drought risk management in pastoral areas within a broader framework of the disaster risk management policy of Ethiopia is one of the recommendations to effectively implement the policy. This study has also uniquely estimated losses based on a representative household sample survey and laid the foundation for future losses and damage studies in the pastoral areas. However, it is important to take into consideration the “indirect”’ cost of the drought-related humanitarian and livelihood assistance to “accurately” reflect the monetary value and advocate policy action
Methodology for the risk monitoring of geological hazards for buildings and structures
Get PDFIn this article, technology for monitoring geological hazards is proposed to reduce the risk of the collapse of buildings and structures. The example considered in the article shows that the reduction of the landslide hazard of the soil massif on the slope can be achieved by: equipping drainage and storm systems that ensure the effective removal of groundwater; monitoring the state of the soil massif for the timely determination of dynamic and geophysical parameters and the exclusion of the occurrence of resonant phenomena from dynamic impacts; complex monitoring of the "soil-construction" system. Thus, the proposed technology of integrated soil-structure monitoring can provide timely warning of the geological hazard risk and thereby reduce the likelihood of destruction of buildings and structures by taking appropriate measures
Remote Sensing and GIS Assessment of Domestic Fuel Energy Supply: A Threat to Global DRR Crusade in South-western Nigeria
Get PDFNigeria is crowned the giant of Africa is acclaimed to have one of the world\u27s highest economic growth rates, averaging 7.4% by the World Bank report, yet over 80 million people (42.4%) are currently living below the poverty line. Instead of eradicating poverty by the year 2030 according to the UN SDG in Nigeria, about 7 people are entering poverty every minute. The average kerosene price per litre in Nigeria is ₦284.03 and the price of cooking gas per 25kg is ₦4000. Charcoal and fuel wood, therefore, becomes the only alternative domestic power source. In fact, Nigeria currently ranks second to Brazil in the production of charcoal and currently exports 380,000 metric tonnes of charcoal annually. This study uses secondary data and remote sensing GIS to analyse the trends of poverty, charcoal and fuel wood production in the country and the loss of vegetal cover in the western region of the country. The result reveals that there is a positive correlation between poverty, fuel wood, charcoal and loss of vegetal cover, and this implies that Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) programmes must be intertwine with poverty reduction
Flood Research in Bangladesh and Future Direction: an insight from last three decades
Get PDFFlooding is a critical concern that causes substantial economic damages and social issues for different regions of Bangladesh in every year. Approximately one-third of the country\u27s total area is highly vulnerable to floods, and people\u27s sufferings from the flooding are beyond description. Despite the magnitude and extent of floods, a comprehensive study on flood research in Bangladesh is inadequate. Therefore, this study analyses research articles published on floods, and their implications in Bangladesh over the last three decades. We used a systematic literature review to precisely understand the trend and pattern of published flood research in Bangladesh by summarizing, categorizing, and visualizing the existing research articles. This review revealed that research on integrated flood adaptation and management, effective flood modeling, and reliable forecasting is considerably less emphasized than studying the causes and impacts of the flood. In order to detect changes in flood causes and impacts over time and establish links between physical exposure, risk experience, and socio-demographic data in research to develop integrated flood management mechanisms, it is possible to operationalize systematic study in a specific location for an extended period. We also found that a considerable increase in interest in doing flood research following the year 2000, as the country experienced an increase in the frequency and severity of floods across the country. Based on the findings of this study, we suggested an agenda for future flood research in Bangladesh.
 
Resilience to natural disasters: A case study on southwestern region of coastal Bangladesh
Get PDFBangladesh is one the disaster-prone countries in the world and has been suffering from different negative impacts. However, over the years, the coastal communities have developed their resilience capacity. This research assessed the local peoples’ resilience against natural disasters at Kazirchar village in Muladi Upazila of Barishal district of the coastal region. In this study, an extensive literature review on disaster resilience, well-structured questionnaire survey, and focus group discussions were conducted to collect primary data. Most of the indicators like show low values for socioeconomic resilience. The index value of literacy rate (1.12), primary health care facility (1.25), food consumption (1.30) and income (1.30) showed low disaster resilience. The result from the survey area implies a low level of institutional resilience (1.75). The reason behind low institutional resilience was weak disaster management activities. The index value of training (1.42), school/college (1.92), public awareness programme (2.14), and coordination (1) showed medium to very low of disaster resilience index. Results also showed that the villagers have low physical resilience. From the survey, Electricity supply (1.08), dependency on rainfall (1.08), cyclone and flood warning system (2.10), water bodies (1.56) and housing pattern (2.94) were the physical indicators of this village showed medium to low disaster resilience index. The overall disaster resilience ranges from 1 to 2.94. Depending on the score, disaster resilience level is divided into five categories from high (3>2.5), medium (2.5>2), low (2>1.5) to very low (1.5>1.0). Based on the resilience index the overall disaster resilience of Kazirchar village is low because of its low socio- economic (1.67), institutional (1.75) and physical (1.68) resilience values. The findings of this study will help to take necessary actions for building a more disaster resilient coastal Bangladesh
Level of coordination between the humanitarian and governmental organizations in Gaza Strip and its impact on the humanitarian interventions to the Internally Displaced People (IDPs) following May escalation 2021
Get PDFAbstract
In Gaza Strip, where emergencies always occur leading to devastating humanitarian consequences, both the governmental and the humanitarian non-governmental need to work together to serve the affected communities. This study aimed at identifying the level of coordination that exists between the humanitarian organizations and its impact on the humanitarian interventions provided in response to the IDPs of May escalation 2021. To achieve its objectives, the study used the descriptive analytical approach where interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders. The study mainly found that the coordination is an essential component of the humanitarian and governmental organizations’ work that positively impact the efficiency of their interventions and that both humanitarian and governmental organization coordinate and partner with each other and with relevant stakeholders including governmental and non-governmental organizations and it also found that the level of coordination in response to May escalation of hostilities reached 80 per cent however more improvements are required for effective interventions and response. The study recommended humanitarian organizations to accelerate their response to the emergency status and make use of their resources available as quickly as possible to avoid causing negative impact and that the IDPs working group under the Inter-Cluster Coordination Group to be activated to improve the response to IDPs and to improve the coordination and collaboration between the governmental and humanitarian organizations to the greatest extent possible for further effective response
The Complacency of Flood Victims, Socio Economic Factors, and Effects and Vulnerabilities of Floods in Lower Kano Plains, Kisumu County, Kenya
Get PDFThe behavior and thinking of disaster victims should be analyzed and understood even as experts continue to deescalate the destructive effects of such occurrences. Why people choose to live and reside in ecologically fragile environments like flood plains or steep slopes prone to mudslides or avalanches is a complex phenomenon that social scientists need to demystify. This study was conducted in the Nyando sub-catchment, Kano Plains in Kisumu County, Kenya. The study’s objectives were to understand the reason for complacency of flood victims and to determine the effects and vulnerability of flood events in Kano Plains. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the three flood prone areas in Kano, namely, Nyando, Miwani and Lower Nyakach as study sites. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 100 households for the survey while Purposive sampling was used to select the key informants. Methods of data collection were; questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs) and desk reviews. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the questionnaires, and the qualitative data from key informants was analyzed using content analysis method. FGDs recordings were transcribed and analyzed thematically using NVIVO software. The main research findings were that socio economic factors such us household income, household size and culture plays an important role in determining the choice of site to reside, thus the complacency, and that loss of farmland (17.98%), houses and property (69.66%) were considered the most serious effects of floods. The study therefore concludes that socio economic determinants such as household income, household size and type of housing have a significant role in determining household vulnerability to floods
Earthquake risk perception in Belgrade: implications for disaster risk management
Get PDFDifficulties in the disaster management process are caused by many factors such as the complexity and fast-spreading harmful effects of hazards, lack of timely and accurate information, difficulty in making key decisions, inability to assess the situation in a short time, complexity of managing necessary resources, etc. For these reasons, effective disaster response is conditioned by the availability of a variety of data stored in numerous international and national databases that can be used in real time. In addition, decision makers are forced to use a variety of information systems and tools that allow them to make quick and accurate calculations in order to make appropriate decisions in a particular situation. Guided by this, the authors, using the method of content analysis and literature review, identify, analyze and comprehensively systematize and describe the significant characteristics of such databases and information systems. The aim of this paper is the scientific description of information and logistics systems and databases that are important for disaster management. The scientific significance of the paper is reflected in the systematization of scientific knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of using information systems and databases on disasters. In contrast, the social implications of the paper are reflected in informing competent services about the existence and possibilities of using information systems and databases in specific cases of disaster management