Fountain University Journals
Not a member yet
443 research outputs found
Sort by
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND RELIGIO-LEGAL IMPORTANCE OF ESTATE DISTRIBUTION IN ISLAMIC LAW
Full text linkThis paper examined Socio-Economic and Religio-Legal Importance of Estate Distribution in Islamic Law. In order to achieve the aim and objectives of this research, the meaning of Islamic inheritance and significance of Islamic rules of inheritance were briefly discussed. The paper adopted a doctrinal method of research by conducting in-depth analysis of the primary and secondary sources of legal research. It specifically examined and analysed Chapter 4 verses 7, 11, 12 and 176 of the Glorious Quran and some prophetic traditions with a view to pointing out economic, social, religious and legal importance of distribution of estate in Islamic Law. The paper found that in pre-Islamic Arabia, daughters, mothers, widows, sisters and minors were excluded from succession, but, with advent of Islam, the moral and social position of women were raised thereby giving them heritable rights. The writer’s major finding is that distribution of estate serves as a method of re-distribution of wealth among the heirs and it breaks up the concentration of wealth from the hands of few individuals and spreads it out in the society. The paper recommended that this area of knowledge should be learnt, taught and encouraged among Muslim community through the regular holding of conferences, seminars, workshops and public campaigns to bring about awareness of its importance among the Muslims
The Rise of Algorithmic Bosses: Rethinking Workers\u27 Rights in Nigeria\u27s Digital Economy
No full textThe digital transformation of Nigeria’s labour market has redefined traditional employment relationships, especially with the rise of gig platforms such as Uber, Bolt, and various food delivery services. At the heart of this transformation lies algorithmic management, where software, rather than human supervisors, dictates critical decisions about work assignments, pay, and performance.
This article critically examines the adequacy of Nigeria’s existing employment law framework in addressing the unique challenges posed by this form of technologically mediated labour. It contends that the current binary classification of workers as either employees or independent contractors is ill-suited to the realities of platform work, which often combines elements of both. Arguing for a more nuanced legal approach, the paper proposes a hybrid framework that introduces an intermediate status for digital workers, expands core labour protections, and ensures algorithmic transparency. Ultimately, it calls for a rethinking of employment rights that aligns with the imperatives of human dignity, fairness, and social justice in Nigeria’s evolving digital economy
6. Haematological Parameters of Immunized and Non-immunized Hepatitis B Negative Individuals in a Selected Community in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
Full text linkBackground: The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), a type of hepadnavirus, targets liver cells and annually causes approximately 820,000 deaths. Although effective vaccines are available, Hepatitis B continues to pose a significant public health challenge. Objectives: This study examined the haematological patterns between vaccinated and unvaccinated hepatitis B-negative individuals for variations in blood parameters. Methodology: This cross-sectional study took place in Iludun, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, and used 140 participants, half vaccinated. Blood samples collected from these subjects underwent various parameter analyses, including white blood cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and haemoglobin levels (HGB). Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 with a p-value threshold set at less than 0.05 to determine statistical significance between both groups. Results: The findings showed that the average RBC in the immunized group was 4.18 ± 0.51 compared to 4.41 ± 0.66 in the non-immunized group. The MCHC measured 12.55 ± 1 .57 for the immunized and increased slightly to an average of 13.24 ± 1.99 within non-immunized members. A notable statistically significant difference was observed between RBC and HGB; however, WBC, PCV, leukocyte distributions (differential counts), and MCV indices had no significant difference between the two population sets. Conclusion/ Recommendation: The data determines that hepatitis B immunization may not affect certain haematological parameters. However, this study indicates that while protecting against the virus, hepatitis B immunization had a limited chance of enhancing specific blood parameters. The study provides evidence-based insights to strengthen public health initiatives, generate baseline data for diagnosing and managing blood-related conditions, influence policy decisions on haematological monitoring in vaccination programmes, raise awareness about immunisation\u27s benefits and lay a foundation for future research exploring trends and impacts of vaccination. Therefore, a cross-sectional design is recommended to help assess long-term changes or effects of immunization on haematological parameters.
 
1. Public Perception Towards Women Representation in Solid Waste Management: Obstacles Towards Effective Solid Waste Management Practices
Full text linkBackground: Globally, 2.01 billion tons of municipal solid wastes are generated annually, and at least a third of these are not managed environmentally safely. Nigeria, with a population exceeding 180 million, ranks among the leading producers of solid waste in Africa. Globally, women are predominantly involved in waste handling at the household level, but face marginalisation and reduced participation as the sector becomes more formalised. Objectives: This study investigated public perceptions of women\u27s representation in solid waste management (SWM) and its impact on effective and sustainable waste management practices. Methodology: The study utilised a descriptive cross-sectional survey design conducted across three metropolitan cities: Osogbo, Ilorin, and Ibadan, selected for their urbanisation levels and diverse demographics. Data collection methods involved stakeholder consultations, field surveys, and a context-specific questionnaire administered to 122 respondents. The analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics conducted using the SPSS version. Descriptive statistics were utilised to summarise age, gender, awareness level, knowledge scores, and attitudes. Inferential statistics, including Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, or Pearson correlation, were applied to test the relationships and differences between variables Results: Results indicated that societal norms significantly influence occupational roles in SWM, with men predominantly occupying waste collection roles (53.3%), while women face underrepresentation, particularly in managerial positions (9.83%). Public perception favours women’s participation, viewing their roles as effective and associated with positive attitudes. However, cultural norms, lack of training, and stigmatisation emerged as significant barriers to women’s managerial advancement. The ANOVA results confirmed significant (p < 0.05) differences in these barriers across occupations. Conclusion/ Recommendations: This study highlighted the critical role of gender integration in achieving effective waste management and significantly contributed to the global conversation on sustainable development. This study also observed that addressing cultural norms and promoting equitable representation can foster sustainable practices and improve SWM efficiency. Policy recommendations included gender-sensitive strategies such as increased training for women, awareness campaigns, and supportive work environments to enhance inclusivity
A النزعة الإنسانية لدى شخصية أبوبكر ديريمي عبد الرزّاق دراسة وصفية A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF HUMANISM IN THE PERSONALITY OF ABUBAKAR DEREMI ABDULRASAQ
No full textThe abundance of knowledge without work does not benefit people, just as clouds have on benefit to humans without rain and that humanity is an adornment for all kinds of knowledge. Also, no matter how knowledgeable and wealthy a person is, if he lacks humanity, he does not exist in human society. This is because the great Prophet, peace be upon him, was not described with knowledge or wealth, but the Almighty described him as the best of character when he says, “And you are of a great character” Surat Al-Qalam, verse: 4. It is from the foregoing that this paper aims to trace those lofty values in the personality of Professor Abubakar Deremi Abdul Razaq. To achieve this goal, the paper adopts an historical approach to document the historical facts related to the professor’s personality and also the analytical method to analyze those lofty values identified in Professor Deremi. Findings show that the personality of Professor Deremi portrays the exemplary life of the Holy Prophet in spreading Islam with his health and action
Israel-Palestine Conflict and the United Nations Security Council Resolutions: Barriers to the Two States’ Accord
Full text linkSince World War II, the Israel-Palestine conflict remains one of the most enduring geopolitical crises, with several interventions at resolution failing to yield lasting peace. The October 2023 escalation between Israel and Hamas resulted in severe humanitarian consequences, underlining the persistent stalemate in diplomatic efforts. Over the decades, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has issued numerous resolutions advocating a two-state solution, yet Israel’s continued occupation and settlement expansion have obstructed progress. This study examines Israel’s response to UNSC resolutions and its broader implications for achieving a viable two-state accord through multilateral diplomacy. The study adopted a qualitative research approach through the lens of key concept in realism (security) as an underpinning theory. It combines both primary and secondary documents to achieve its purpose. Secondary documents such as journals, thesis reports and books. Primary document involves open-ended interview questions for 10 targeted respondents (academics). The documents were analysed using thematic analysis propounded by Braun and Clarke (2006) to generate themes and insights. The study finds that Israel’s continuous settlement and occupation of Palestinian territories underscores her negative response to the resolutions which contributed to the collapse of various peace accords. Israel relations with other regional players, however, continues to flourish. Among mediators, Israel also enjoys strategic alliance particularly with the United States, where as the UN inability to independently demonstrate power or sanction Israel has faltered her role as an agent of change for solution in the conflict. As long as international law remains unenforced, and geopolitical interests dictate mediation efforts, the plausibility of resolving the conflict remains uncertain. This underscores how regional alliances and external influences continue to shape the trajectory of the conflict, making long-term stability elusive
AN EXAMINATION OF THE HUMANITARIAN CONSIDERATIONS IN THE BOMBARDMENT OF MILITARY TARGETS AND OBJECTIVES.
Full text linkThis paper examined the relationship between International Humanitarian law, military targeting practice and the concept of military objectives. The study of the history of warfare over the years has established the undeniable fact that certain objects and persons may be legitimately attacked during armed conflicts, hence, the need to always determine whether a group of people are lawful military targets. It is very important for the military to be able to interpret the definition of military objective adopted in the 1977 Additional Protocol 1 to the four 1949 Geneva Conventions. Also, the military must understand and be able to apply some of the humanitarian considerations this paper discussed.
This paper is doctrinal in nature. The research methodology adopted is the Library Research Method. This study relies both on primary and secondary sources of information. The primary sources used include laws and cases while the secondary sources of information used include books, journals, news articles and materials from the internet.
This study found that the concept of targeting and military objective raises some problematic issues which can only be mitigated or solved through the implementation of humanitarian considerations in the bombardment of military targets.
This study concluded that many operators or military men whose job it is to plan, approve and execute attacks still do their job in a manner that is inconsistent with international humanitarian considerations, wrecking great havocs, and leading to a flagrant disregard of international humanitarian law. This is totally unacceptable
AN INSIGHT ON CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY IN YORUBA JURISPRUDENCE
Full text linkLegal principles and doctrines are lubricants in the wheels of justice administration across legal cultures. Contrary to belief and attitude of many, who hold that law and jurisprudence do not exist in Africa, dispute adjudication and criminal trial in Africa and Yoruba Jurisprudence in particular are driven by relevant doctrines and principles that underlay our judicial process. The main thrust of this work is an examination of the principle of criminal responsibility in Yoruba Jurisprudence, with particular focus on the doctrine of mens rea as a major determinant of criminal liability. Through an excursion into Yoruba legal history and exploration of her Jurisprudence, likely defences to criminal responsibility were discussed in juxtaposition with the doctrine of mens rea in English Law as practised in Nigeria. On the whole, it was found that man, wherever he is and whatever his race, reacts the same way to similar circumstances. Hence, approach to criminal responsibility is the same in many legal systems. The paper adopts qualitative methodology involving doctrinal approach to the investigation and analysis of both primary and secondary sources of relevant materials. The paper recommends that African legal culture should be promoted by African scholars across African universities
Addressing Transboundary Environmental Harm through Technology: Mitigating the Tragedy of the Commons in Global Resource Management
Full text linkTransboundary environmental harm—including pollution, deforestation, biodiversity loss, and climate change—has become a critical global concern, escalating despite widespread awareness and numerous policy interventions. This paper evaluates the relationship between transboundary environmental harm, the tragedy of the commons, and the mitigating potential of technological innovation in global environmental governance. Using case studies, the research examines how technological tools such as remote sensing and AI-driven environmental modelling have been deployed to monitor, manage, and prevent cross-border ecological degradation. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the study finds that the persistence of the tragedy of the commons in transboundary contexts is largely due to weak enforcement mechanisms and conflicting national interests. However, technology has demonstrated promise in fostering transparency, accountability, and cooperative decision-making through real-time data sharing and independent monitoring, thus reducing information asymmetry among states. While technology alone cannot resolve transboundary environmental challenges, this paper argues that, when integrated with robust governance frameworks and strengthened multilateral cooperation, it can significantly contribute to sustainable and equitable resource management. The paper concludes by recommending greater investment in shared technological platforms and the establishment of binding regional protocols to enhance collective environmental stewardship
LEGALITY OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AMONG THE COUPLES IN ISLAMIC LAW
Full text linkThe traditional problems associated with childbirth had drastically reduced with the emergence of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and considerable advancement in the field of embryology and bio-medics in which In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is one of them. This innovation came about as a result of the need to cure infertility. This paper examines the legality of intro fertilization system in Islamic family Law. The study adopted the doctrinal method of legal research by conducting a qualitative content analysis of primary and secondary sources of materials. The primary sources include the Nigerian 1999 Constitution, Quran, Hadith and the Sunnah. The secondary sources include Ijm’a (consensus of Opinion), Qiyas (Analogical Deduction), books, journals and other text such as articles from newspapers, magazines and computer aided electronic research (internet) like Westlaw International and Lexis Nexis. The paper found that the practice of In vitro fertilization system has been in practice among Muslims for decades and it is permissible in Islamic Family Law with strict regulation of its uses. The paper concludes that its practice has been proven to have procure over 5 million babies. The paper recommends that it is important to educate Muslims that would want to take advantage of IVF treatment as to the extent of the permissibility and its use