Lead City University Scholarly Journals
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The Effect of Population and Poverty Level on Economic Development in Nigeria: .
No full textThis study investigates the effect of population and poverty level on economic development in Nigeria using time series data spanning from 1981 to 2018. The data were analysed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique in order to examine the short run and long run impact of population and poverty level on economic development. The result of the ARDL bounds test reveals that there is the existence of a long run relationship between population growth, poverty level and economic development in Nigeria. The empirical results reveal that gross domestic product per capita proxy for poverty level has a significant positive impact on economic development in the short run although it shows a positive non-significant impact in the long run. On the other hand, population growth shows a negative significant impact on economic development proxied by gross domestic product growth rate in the short run. Also, there exists a unidirectional causal relationship from economic development to poverty level but a bidirectional causal relationship from population growth to economic development. In the light of these findings, the study concludes and recommends that government should reinforce its commitment towards alleviating the incidence of poverty through social safety nets in order to ensure sustainable development and also sensitize the populace on the need for family planning and other birth control measures in order to forestall population explosion.  
Impact of Bank Density on Domestic Savings in Nigeria: .
No full textThis study examines the long run and short run effects of bank density on changes in domestic savings in the Nigerian economy within the period of 1981-2018. A simple model of domestic savings was formulated and estimated using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique as suggested by the stationarity tests of the variables. The results of the analysis showed that positive and statistically significant relationship exists between domestic savings and per capita income growth rate, as well as with real interest rate. Though statistically significant, a negative relationship exists between bank density and domestic savings, indicating an increase in the number of banks and their branches reduces bank density and thus increases domestic savings in Nigeria. Per capita income was however found to be statistically insignificant in the determination of domestic savings in Nigeria within the study period. We recommended that monetary policy direction should encourage the establishment of more banks and more branches of the existing banks both within the urban and rural areas and that the supervisory body should ensure that the banks are complying with the operating rules and regulations of the banking system so as to have strong, viable and sound banks, ensure peoples’ confidence and trust, and mobilize more domestic savings in Nigeria. 
Assessment of Psychometric Qualities of Gender Performance in Basic Education Certificate Examination in Mathematics Multiple Choice Test Items
Get PDFThe study was aimed at assessing the psychometric qualities of gender in Mathematics multiple choice test items in Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) in Oyo State. Four research questions and one hypothesis guided the study and was tested at 0.05 level of significance. An instrumentation research design was adopted. The population of this study consisted of all Junior Secondary class three students in Ibadan, Oyo State. The multistage sampling technique was employed to sample out 750 students from the population. The instrument used for data collection was the 2017 BECE Mathematics multiple choice test items. The reliability value of the items using KR20 was 0.78. DIF measure statistics of Winsteps was used to assess the difficulty indices of both the male and the female involved in the study and also tested the stated hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that there were incidences of gender variance in the test scores. Reliability with IRT of .98 showed high representativeness of the items but lack local independence of item, hence, it lacked unidimensionality. The test contained 19 bad items and 41 good ones, therefore it was concluded that the 19 items should either be deleted, reviewed, removed or restructured. It was therefore recommended that examination bodies should be mindful of the existence of ‘item noise’ which could cause bias in gender performance in an examination. It was equally recommended that government should developed calibrated MAT items Bank. 
Influence of Workplace Environment on Participation of Female Civil Servants in In-Service Training
Get PDFIn-service training is one of the ways of improving the skills of workers, yet many female civil servants do not participate in such training programmes. Researchers have tried to identify reasons for low participation of women in in-service training programme. However, despite the importance of physical, psychological and sociological conditions of workplace environment and tendency of going for in-service training, there is dearth of information on how workplace environment explains this phenomenon. This study therefore examined the extent to which workplace environment influences participation of female civil servants in in-service training. Survey design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select female civil servants who had participated in in-service training programme. Instrument for data collection was validated, and the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was r = 0.91. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The result showed that workplace environment did not correlate significantly with women participation in in-service training ? = 0.024, t (1026) = 0.76, p = 0.05. There should be cordial workplace environment which will encourage the females to participate in in-service training programme. 
Virtual Teaching, Learning and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Issues, Challenges and Prospects
Get PDFEducation, irrespective of the way it is acquired, underlies the development of all nations of the world. Online strategies of acquiring education, such as virtual or e-learning, which are the twenty-first Century approaches to education delivery; are particularly important in countries bedeviled with staff union strikes, like Nigeria. Depending on the cause(s) of the strikes, learning can continue online between tutors and students. Virtual teaching and learning take place in virtual classrooms, where tutors and students may not face one another. Teaching and learning, including tests, assignments and other classroom activities, are conducted online, where computer and internet facilities are available. This is practised in developed countries and can also be practiced in developing countries like Nigeria, provided education can be well funded, corruption reduced and virtual classrooms can be established. If Nigeria is to participate in virtual teaching and learning, education must be funded generously, develop the political will to embark on virtual education programmes, provide computers and internet services all over the country and train teachers that will handle the programme adequately. Unless and until the steps listed above are taken, it may be difficult, if not impossible, to embark on virtual teaching and learning in Nigeria. 
Ogun State and Environmental Pollution: The Place of the Church
Get PDFClimate disasters are on the rise with pollution as one of the major causes. Around 70 per cent of disasters are now climate related – up from around 50 per cent for more than two decades ago. The study explored the issue of environmental crises which is one of the major concerns for humanity. These environmental pollution related disasters take a heavier human toll and come with high impact. The cost of responding to such disasters has risen tenfold between 1992 and 2008. Destructive sudden heavy rains, intense tropical storms, repeated flooding and droughts are likely to increase, as will the vulnerability of local communities in the absence of strong concerted action from all quarters. Therefore, this paper concluded that an environmental and ecological crisis, pollution in particular, demands the active role of the Church for solution in such a way that it will foster development. To tackle these identified environmental pollutions and its attendant ecological crises like depletion, desertification and deforestation, climate changes, drought and floods and other natural problems with pollution topping the list threatening life on earth, this paper recommended among other things that stemming environmental and ecological crisis demands that the Church take into account ecological norms as part of the mandate of Jesus in Matthew 28: 19-20 which is to preach the good news. 
Research, Innovation and Total Quality Management as Essentials of Entrepreneurship Success in a Competitive World
Get PDFEntrepreneurship, a process of planning, launching and running new Businesses, is in many ways the history of great wealth and of great failure. Some entrepreneurs have been very successful and have accumulated vast fortunes from their efforts. Long-term success of any entrepreneurial effort cannot be accidental but by doing the right thing at the right time. This paper therefore discusses research, innovation and total quality management (TQM) as essentials and the right approach and philosophy that entrepreneurs must adopt in order to succeed in an era of one-world market (globalization). The paper recommended that entrepreneurs should study, understand and adopt the principles, tools and techniques of TQM in their operations in order to succeed and become key players in the global market
Interference Features Assessment in Junior Secondary School Students E?ki?ti?-speaking Standard Spoken Yorùbá in Èkìtì State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study investigated the interference features in the standard spoken Yorùbá of Èkìtì-speaking junior secondary school (jss) students in Èkìtì, Èkìtì State. Due to the multilingual nature of the Nigerian society, language usage problems that tend to occur include interference from the mother tongue and inadequate mastery of the rules of the standard Yorùbá language. Hence, the identification of features that interfere in the standard spoken Yorùbá of Èkìtì-speaking Junior Secondary School Students necessitated this study. This study adopted a descriptive research design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 100 jss E?ki?ti?-speaking students from five schools in I?ko??le? Local Government Area in Èkìtì State. The instrument adopted for this study was a researcher-designed Test of Interference Features (TIF) which was administered to the participants to obtain data. The data were analysed using percentage and the t-test statistic. Findings of the study revealed that there were interference features in the standard spoken Yorùbá of Èkìtì-speaking jss students. In other words, the Èkìtì dialect interferes with the standard spoken Yorùbá of the students. It was also revealed that there was no significant difference in the Yorùbá consonant sounds and Yorùbá vowel sounds which reflect interference features in the spoken standard Yorùbá of Èkìtì-speaking male and female jss students. Among others, it was recommended that teachers of Yorùbá language should pay more attention to the various Yorùbá consonant sounds which tend to reflect interference features in the spoken Yorùbá of male and female Èkìtì-speaking jss students
Differentiated Instruction: Implications for Public Secondary School Teachers in Ede, Osun State
Get PDFDifferentiation is a teaching philosophy that helps in addressing the needs of students in heterogeneous classrooms. These are classrooms with students from different backgrounds, learning disabilities, quick learners, slow learners, special needs, gifted and others. With such diversity, something must be done to meet the needs of all learners, not just the “one size fits all” approach so that each student may learn and none is left behind. This study therefore investigated teachers’ perspectives and implementation of differentiated instruction in selected secondary schools in two local government arrears in Ede, Osun State. The study used a survey type of descriptive research design. The population consisted of all the 197 teachers in six secondary schools and simple random sampling was used to select 112 teachers. Inferential statistics of frequency counts and percentages were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 20. Results showed that 67% of the respondents have a clear and correct knowledge of the definition of differentiated instruction. About 60-84% of respondents have a positive attitude towards the different variables used to measure teachers’ perspectives. Only 9% of respondents actually implemented differentiated instruction in the classroom. In conclusion, findings revealed that many of the teachers sampled have knowledge of what differentiated instruction is, but very few of them implemented it in their classrooms. It is therefore recommended that differentiated instruction should be tackled during professional development workshops and teachers should be encouraged to differentiate their instructions consistently so all the students may learn without leaving any one behind. 
Language and Religion: Veritable Tools for National Peace in Nigeria
Get PDFNo nation can develop in an atmosphere devoid of peace for it is the basis for every meaningful development. This is why national peace is the primary target of every nation, especially the developing countries. To achieve this goal effectively, the collaborative effort of every citizen is required. It is obvious that Nigeria is a country with diversity of tribe with different cultures, languages and different religious affiliations. The peculiarities of different languages and religious ideologies as unique as they appear, if properly harnessed and harmonised could foster national peace. Observations in some studies have shown that misuse of religion and inappropriate use of language are banes that confront Nigeria national peace. It is therefore, the interest of this paper to bridge “Language and Religion as Veritable Tools for National Peace in Nigeria”. The introduction provides the background information on the key concepts of the topic. This was followed by conceptual definitions of language and religion, language choice in conflict resolution and the role of religion and language as veritable tools for national peace. The paper concludes that to achieve national peace, tolerance and unity should take priority over ethnic and religious bigotry. It was therefore, recommended that tolerance and unity must be taught by all the stakeholders and live by example for peace to reign in the country