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STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT PRACTICE AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS
No full textThe study examined the stakeholder management practice and economic sustainability of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to; examine the relationship between regulators and customer retention and evaluate the relationship between investors and income generation of food and beverage firms in Enugu State. The area of the study comprised of five (5) selected food and beverage firms in Enugu state. The study used the descriptive survey design approach. The primary source of data was the administration of questionnaire. A total population of 2543 selected employees of the study organizations. The adequate sample size of three hundred and thirty-six(334) using Freund and William's statistic formula at 5 percent margin of error. Three hundred and fifty-five(255) employees returned the questionnaire and accurately filled. That gave 76 percent response rate. Data was presented and analyzed by mean score and standard deviation using Sprint Likert Scale. The hypotheses were analyzed using Z –test statistic tool. The findings indicated that Regulators had significant positive relationship with the customer retention Z = 10.333, P. = 0.05 and Investors had significant positive relationship with the income generation of food and beverage firms. Z = 10.160, P. =0.05. The study concluded that Regulators and Investors had significant positive relationship with the customer retention and income generation of food and beverage firms. The study recommended among others that food and beverage firms proactively collaborate with regulatory bodies to ensure compliance with evolving industry standards
ENHANCING TEACHING QUALITY THROUGH FORMATIVE EVALUATION STRATEGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
No full textTeaching quality is an important factor in teaching and learning. The
teacher’s effectiveness and the content being taught influence learning. This paper
sought to find out how teaching quality can enhance learning in secondary schools.
To contextualize this paper, Enugu Urban was used as the area of study. Descriptive
survey design was adopted as the methodology. The population of the study
comprised of 31 secondary schools with 1,797 teachers. The sample size of 317
teachers was determined using Cochran’s formula. Simple random sampling
technique was used to drawn 10 out of 31 schools. Then, an equal number of teachers
was drawn from each school using proportionate sampling technique to represent
the population. The study was guided by six research questions. A well-structured
and validated questionnaire was employed as the instrument for data collection. The
questionnaire’s reliability was tested using Cronbach Alpha, yielding coefficient of
0.87. The analysis of the data collected was carried out using arithmetic mean. The
findings from the study showed a minimal application and impact of formative
evaluation strategies, and the need for its enhancement of teaching quality in
secondary schools in Enugu Urban. The study recommended among others the need
to organize an in-service training for secondary school teachers in Enugu Urban on
the knowledge and skill of formative evaluation
CULTURAL AND PSYCHIC ANNIHILATION OF BLACKS IN CHINUA ACHEBE’S TRILOGY: THINGS FALL APART, NO LONGER AT EASE AND ARROW OF GOD: A POSTCOLONIAL LITERARY ANALYSIS
Full text linkThe world, already nearly transmogrified by the Covid-19 pandemic, was deeply shocked on 25 May 2020 by the
US police brutality shamelessly expressed in the killing of a “mockingbird” (George Floyd) by kneeling on his
neck till the last drop of life left him. It is important to understand the background of this horrible scenario in order
to avoid seeing it as an isolated case. Postcolonial literature gives us enough windows and doors to see and
understand the background of this ignoble barbarity. Chinua Achebe, known today as the father of African
postcolonial literature, uses his literary works, especially his trilogy, to portray a systemic cultural and psychic
annihilation of blacks. The narrative of destruction of the black “other”, which Achebe delivers to the world in
his Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease and Arrow of God has continued today, as seen in the killing of George
Floyd and many other harmless black people in the world. In the literary analysis of the novels to explore our
theme, we will rest on the foundation of the postcolonial literary criticism of Edward Said in his famous book,
Culture and Imperialism
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Assessment of Academic Achievement of Students of Private Universities in the South East Zone of Nigeria
Full text linkAssessment is a crucial aspect of educational development. There are growing concerns among the academia that the traditional assessment is not holistic and may not reflect students' academic achievement. Artificial intelligence (AI) which can capture students’ backgrounds and activities is being used in assessing their academic achievement in some universities across the globe. However, there are arguments that the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in assessing students’ academic achievement may be novel to lecturers in Nigerian universities. The paper examined the application of AI in the assessment of student’s academic achievement in the private university system in the Southeast Zone of Nigeria. Three research questions guided the study. A mixed methods research design was adopted for the study. The sample constituted 72 lecturers from eight (8) private universities in the southeastern states of Nigeria. Two instruments: Questionnaire on the Application of AI in Assessment (QAAIA) and Smartphone Audio Recorder (SAR) were used for data collection. The QAAIA was validated by experts and a Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.79 was established. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while qualitative data were analysed thematically. It was found that the AI facilitates holistic assessment of students’ academic achievement. The result also revealed that the level of awareness of lecturers on the application of AI in assessment is high. However, most lecturers do not apply AI in the assessment of their students. It is recommended among others, that universities in the South East zone of Nigeria should train a critical mass of staff on applications of AI in solving educational assessment issues
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS IN FOSTERING INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN ENUGU STATEk
Full text linkEducational administrators now play a vital part in shaping innovative teaching methods for
Nigerian primary schools within the modern educational framework. The research examines the
challenges educational administrators of Enugu State encounter when implementing modern
teaching methods through subject-based British Montessori-style teaching. The modern teaching
structure has successfully taken root in Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt, but many primary schools
across Enugu still choose to operate using a conventional one-teacher-for-all-classes format, which
creates weaknesses in education delivery. The study employs qualitative-quantitative mixed methods
to demonstrate that obstacles including insufficient financial support, changed resistance, and
wrong beliefs about child development block innovation. Policy reforms, together with enhanced
training and strategic administrative practice realignment, stand as recommendations that the
paper presents to achieve contemporary delivery standards in Enugu's primary education system
Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and Electronic Voting System: An Appraisal of the use of BVAS in 2023 General Election in Enugu State
No full textThe 2023 general elections in Nigeria marked a transformative phase in the country’s
electoral system with the adoption of the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS). This
technology, introduced by INEC, aimed to enhance transparency, reduce electoral fraud, and rebuild
public confidence. In Enugu State, the BVAS played a crucial role in voter accreditation and result
collation, representing a significant advancement over previous systems like the Smart Card Reader.
Despite the promise of enhanced transparency and credibility with the introduction of the BVAS
technology, concerns emerged over its functionality, particularly in the area of result transmission.
Technical glitches during the uploading of polling unit results to the INEC Result Viewing Portal
(IREV) raised questions about the reliability of the system and fueled skepticism among some voters
and stakeholders. The study's objective is to evaluate the effects of the innovative electronic voting
device, known as the INEC Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS), which was created and used
for the 2023 General Elections on voter turnout and election results in Nigeria, with an emphasis on
Enugu State. The BVAS technology was developed with the accompanying functionality to remove
direct human control and intervention in the electoral process. It was an advancement over the
Smart Card Reader technology used in prior elections. The study's theoretical frameworks were the
Rational Choice Theory of Election and the Innovation Diffusion Theory. Both primary and secondary
data formed the basis for the research approach. In the study, Chi square was utilized after the
survey research instrument was used for the original data collection. The analysis showed that the
idea of the usage of BVAS had a positive effect on public trust on the umpire and led to increase in
voter turnout and perception of transparency in the accreditation/voting system, regardless the
failure in the uploading functionality due to glitch. The study concludes that the use of BVAS be
improved upon or at least sustained to deepen the transparency of the process, sustain confidence in
the electoral process, as well as supporting efforts to address the widespread problem of voter
passiveness in the Nigerian electoral system. The study's findings suggest, consequently, an
extensive examination of the Electoral Act to allow for mandatory requirement of transmitting
polling units (PUs) mandated uploading of polling unit (PU) results to the INEC Result Viewing
platform (IREV) using BVAS thus minimizing human interference in Election Day outcom
Quantifying the heterogeneous effects of oil price shocks on domestic inflation of oil-rich countries in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThe study investigates the impact of oil price shocks on inflation components in Nigeria Congo, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea using non-linear and threshold non-linear auto regressive distributed lag models. In the long run, positive oil price shocks significantly influenced core and headline inflation in Nigeria and Angola, while negative Shock shad stronger effects in Equatorial Guinea and the Republic of Congo, particularly energy and fold inflation. Mild positive shocks increased inflation in Angola and the Republic of Congo but reduced inflation in Equatorial Guinea. Mild negative shocks reduced inflation in Equatorial Guinea but raised inflation in the Republic of Congo Moderate shock shad mixed effects, with positive shocks increasing inflation. In the long run, large positive shocks generally raised inflation, while moderate and mild shock shad mixed or insignificant effects. The study recommends for diversification of economic sectors and strengthening of inflation targeting framework to stabilize prices
INTERROGATING THE INDEPENDENCE OF INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) IN NIGERIA
No full textNigeria operates a highly centralized federal system in which the president appropriates and wields
enormous executive powers over the entire affairs of the Federation. The president exercises these powers by
appointing government officials and determining their remunerations. In so doing and because institutions in Nigeria
are relatively weak to check the excesses of some strong Nigerian politicians, the president appoints and also tends
to influence how INEC principal officers discharge their statutory election functions. To ensure free and fair elections,
and given the nature of its assignment on competing interests, the constitution guarantees INEC independence to
ensure its neutrality and impartiality. However, INEC does not seem to enjoy independence. This study therefore,
interrogates the independence of Independent National Electoral Commission in conduct of free and fair elections in
Nigeria. The study leverages available documents, and personal experience premised on in-depth descriptive
statistical and content analyses. The data elicited from these methods reveals that government interference in INEC
membership composition, finances, and operations considerably accounts for recurring lethal electoral irregularities
and deflates public confidence in the electoral process to stunning lows in Nigeria. Thus, this study argues that
Nigeria’s Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has not considerably asserted its independence
to guarantee quality elections due to government interference in its management of Nigerian elections.
This interference also exposes the weakness of government-driven electoral reforms, which underscore the need for
voter-driven reformation to usher in an electoral system that is best and acceptable to the majority of the voting
population in Nigeria and elsewhere
GRAMMATICALITY AND CODE-SWITCHING IN THE IGBO LANGUAGE: CODE-SWITCHING IN IGBO-ENGLISH, IGBO-GERMAN AND IGBO-ENGLISH-GERMAN
No full text(1967) in the idea of “Being-with-others” (Mitsein) in his famous book “Sein und Zeit” (translated in English as
“Being and Time” ). Human beings are also capable of acquiring many languages. The more the cultures they
interact with, the more languages they are likely to learn and also achieve competence and fluency in. Language
users who are bilingual or multilingual tend to switch codes, especially in their informal speeches and writings.
Many scholars have studied and written on code-switching or code-mixing as a linguistic or sociolinguistic
phenomenon. The approach of these scholars, in contradistinction from ours, is the classification of code-mixed
elements as words, phrases, and sentences (intra- and extra-sentential code-switching). Our approach is to examine
the grammaticality of the English and German elements in the code-mixed sentences. Our research has revealed
that Igbo code-switchers often use grammatically incorrect English or German sentences in their code-switching
conversations
Hypertension in the Young: A Post-Hoc Analysis of Two Studies in Enugu State
Full text linkBackground: Hypertension is a common cardiovascular disease among the young
Nigerians. Little is known about urban‑rural differences in the pattern hypertension
in the young Nigerians. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the pattern
of hypertension in young Nigerians in a rural and urban settings and to establish
the differences between them if any. Methods: Data for the index study was
retrieved from two previous studies. Blood pressures were measured according
to the guidelines of the European Society of Hypertension. Results: Data from
605 participants were included in the study: urban 360 (59.7%) and rural 245
(40.5%). Males were 158 (21.6%) and females were 447 (73.9%). The mean
age of the populations was (urban 30 ± 6 years and rural 29.2 ± 0.63 years P =
0.47). The overall prevalence of hypertension in this study was 35.9% (217/605),
similar in urban (36.1%) and rural (35.9%) dwellers P = 0.88. Forty-two (6.9%)
were previously diagnosed (urban 39 (30%) and rural 3 (3.4%), P < 0.01. About
66.7% were controlled (urban 25 (64.1%) and rural 3 (100%). Urban dwellers
have significantly higher rates of raised diastolic blood pressure compared
to rural dwellers, who had higher rates of systolic blood pressure. In both
locations, although there was no sex difference in the prevalence of hypertension,
hypertension significantly increased with age. Conclusion: There is a high rate of
hypertension in rural and urban middle-aged Nigerians in Enugu southeast Nigeria.
Continuous educational programs will be important in reducing both the morbidity
and complications of hypertension in the future