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Local energy zones (LEZs) classification system for reducing carbon emissions in the cities
No full textCities are a key factor in contributing to climate change as seventy-five percent of worldwide carbon emissions are attributed to urban activities. The transportation and building sector accounts for the majority of emissions since they are significant users of energy and its consumption. INDIA's efforts to reduce carbon emissions are primarily focused on the energy and power sectors, such as coal-fired power plant closures and investments in solar and renewable energy, etc., but no work has been done to mitigate carbon emissions in the built environment. Thus, the thesis aims “To examine the relationship between the urban built environment and carbon emissions” and how various zones, land use and the built environment factors affect the carbon emissions. As a result, the study focuses on proposing a classification system of Local Energy Zones (LEZs) which helps in assessing the carbon emissions from the building sector of a city. This can be used for Reducing Carbon emissions by testing the significance of the city’s-built space parameters and classifying them into typical spatial zones. Also, this would help in standardizing the worldwide exchange of urban carbon emissions and can be used as a toolkit for the Local development plans and planning regulations to deliver effective strategies for monitoring the urban carbon footprint. Therefore, it is important to map the city as per its built environment or morphological characteristics which will be done using the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) scheme which is also used as a basis to develop Local Energy Zones (LEZs) for the carbon emission analysis by adding a wide range of energy consumption parameters from the urban form, as well as parameters like socio-economic, demographic aspects, transport sector emissions, etc., are also used for spatially mapping the carbon emissions of the region. The city selected for this study is Bhopal city, the capital of Madhya Pradesh because of its pre-existing LCZs and the availability of data for analysis. The study proceeds with the selection of parameters for the analysis and then the mapping of the city base on these parameters as under Physical-ecological parameters the topography, NDVI, LST, built density, and existing land use of the city were mapped to give an understanding of the region. Similarly, under Demographic and socio-economic aspects the Population density, Land value, and slum location mapping were done. The city was then classified into 17 classes (10 Built-type and 7 natural landcover classes) as per the LCZ classification system and which gave the building height along with building density composition of the city spatially. This leads to the spatial mapping of energy consumption concentration zones of the city which will give the carbon emission zones by multiplying the emission factor of per unit electricity. The emissions from the transport sector are overlayed with the emissions from the building sector to give the resultant carbon emissions of the city. Since the emissions from the transport sector are dependent on the vehicle density and not on the built environment, the emissions from the energy sector are only
Local Energy Zones (LEZs) Classification system for Reducing Carbon emissions in the cities ii
taken further to form the LEZ map of the region which is derived by subtracting the 7 classes of natural landcover (of LCZ) from the carbon emission from the building sector. Later the LEZ map was used to identify neighborhood-level study areas or wards where the built density, population density, and the transport sector emissions were similar but the carbon emissions in the wards were different. As per this ward 12 (Ganesh Nagar sector B) and ward 49 (Arera colony E-6 & E-7) were selected and a comparative analysis was done in terms of their local urban form features such as building footprint density, figure-ground ratio, percentage of open spaces, green spaces, existing land use, building height analysis, FAR, setbacks, building typology, Land value, etc. The result from this comparative study would help in assessing the relationship between the local energy emission zones and the built form and so the characteristics of these energy zones were identified and quantified that could help in reducing the emissions. Thus, for the result of the study, a methodology was proposed to formulate the Local Energy Zone (LEZ) classification system for any city, under the steps, and the type of data required was mentioned to spatially map the carbon emissions of a city from the energy sector. This helps us to get more information about the environmental crises by giving us the composition of the carbon emissions of a city as per its built spaces, so the more information we have the more accurate solutions we can propose for the decision-making process and planning of the region. This classification system can be used for the local area planning and it can also be integrated with the development regulations for reducing carbon emissions in the built environment by testing the significance of the city’s-built space parameters on its carbon emissions and classifying them into typical spatial zones. Also, this study would help in standardizing the worldwide exchange of urban carbon emissions and can be used as a toolkit for the Local development plans to deliver effective strategies for monitoring the urban carbon footprint. Keywords: Carbon emissions, Local Climate zones, Urban Morphology, Built Environment Factors, Local Energy Zones, Development regulations
Architecture of experience reinventing public space through adaptive reuse of a thermal power plant
No full text“To provide meaningful architecture is not to parody history but to articulate it.”
-Daniel Libeskind
Agenda 21 for culture drafted in 2004 categorised culture as the fourth pillar of sustainable development alongside economic growth, social inclusion and protection aiming to "Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage.” Adaptive reuse allows for resourceful reutilization of an existing form of significance, transforming old buildings to house new and different functions than the ones they were originally designed for. While adaptive reuse poses challenges in terms of design interventions and regulatory norms, the result, with due diligence paid to the economic and social value of the project, can be seen as way to bring together the old and new, in a united form. It allows the retention of authentic constructions, features and characters holding significant reputation while breathing new life into it through refurbishing,
conserving and/or adding to the structure, form and/or function of the original architecture. With studies having revealed that around 70% of the structures existing today will stand for another 50 years from now, adaptive reuse strategy is the way to go, refurbishing the structure to meet current and future needs.
However, this often remains limited to receiving the architecture and space visually. This notion is further concretized in adaptive reuse projects since certain preserved elements of the preserved and original architecture must be protected from further degradation and hence are primarily reserved as visual exhibits of the development, removing other bodily senses from the equation. Rather, the design should be such that it employs multiple to all senses to bring about an experiential environment that provides a wholesome involvement of the environment and immersion of the user. The character of the occupants relies upon the shape and engineering of the structure. Design becomes in such a way "the third skin to the human body,"
Spatial transformation and protection of the sacred grove Iringole kavu, Kerala/
No full textThere are thousands of sacred groves that are either in their natural condition, which is entirely covered in trees, or those that have evolved from their basic state and now house their deities in modest shrines. Nature has always been a mysterious force. Mother goddess deities in various guises are frequently linked to sacred groves. The people's faith in the goddesses' ability to both bless and curse mankind gave rise to this mother goddess cult worship. Through a variety of rites and ritualistic performances connected to the kaavus, the information obtained about nature through observations can be seen. Indigenous communities maintain their close connection to their land through the sacred nature of their natural and cultural resources. While the nature and severity of threats and pressures are frequently regional and even grove-specific, sacred groves have started to deteriorate across the nation over the past three decades in terms of both cultural and biological integrity. One of the biggest risks to Kerala's sacred groves' survival is the social shift that has occurred. The severity of these dangers differs from one place to another and from one type of grove to another. Commercial forestry, development initiatives, the decline of joint family structures, sanskritization, pilgrimage and tourism, the removal of biomass, encroachment, disintegration, socio-cultural factors, natural disasters, etc. are some of the significant challenges to sacred groves. This thesis deals with preparation of conservation strategies for the protection of sacred grove known as Iringole kavu. From the study we can understand the need for a biodiversity protection cell which will also take into consideration the cultural and
ritualistic significance of the sacred grove and that the conservation strategies should be grove-centricSchool of Planning and Architecture Bhopa
एसपीए में दो दिनों की कैलीग्राफी वर्कशॉप शुरू , हिंदी में उकेरे खूबसूरत अक्षर
No full textNewspaper clipping file 01-09-202
Conservation strategies for the historic core of Jammu Town
No full textIndian cities are extraordinary in every aspect, concentrating on the old cities, it is worth deciphering and interpreting the unique features that bear the evidence of how cities used to be in older times. These cities have evolved through time and their existence underwent a natural influence as well as deliberate transformation. Jammu (Jambu or Jummoo) is situated amidst the Himalayan mountains in the northernmost state of India. The foundation of Jammu was established by Jambu Lochan, a scion of the solar dynasty of Ayodhya. The extensive mapping of built heritage done on the Old city of Jammu lead to the academic research paper – “Redefining the historic core of Jammu” which helped in comprehending the unique peculiarities like communities, creeds, socio-economic aspects, political scenarios, open spaces, architectural spaces, and oral narratives associated with the help of evidence available at present.
The foundation of Jammu was established by Jambu Lochan, a scion of the solar dynasty of Ayodhya. While hunting at the foothills of Shivalik, he reached a place where he saw a goat and a lion drinking water at a same place. He was so impressed by the sight that he decided to set up a town after his name. The town was known as Jambuputra which later changed to Jammu. Another belief in the region is that Jammu city got its name after the name of Jamun tree which were found in abundance in Jammu. Some believe that the place got its name from Jamwant, one of the generals of the army of Lord Rama. Jammu is said that Jammu is developed in three phases under the patronage of different rulers in different periods of history. The first two phases correspond to the period of reign of Mal Dev to Ranjit Dev, which ruled Jammu from 14th to 18th century A.D. The third phase The Dogra rulers governed the princely state from 1846 – 1947 which consisted of three regions: Jammu, the Kashmir valley and Ladakh. Jammu state was created in 1846 by the scion of Dogra rulers, Maharaja Gulab Singh (1792-1858) and integrated these three regions under one administrative unit, with this Dogra rule was established in the state
Centre for deccan heritage: restoring lost linkage in the from of a contemporary urban insert in a dominant historic core
No full textMany India cities emerged and grew out of fortified citadels and even today such historic cores/precincts continue to exist and thrive. As architecture evolves and grows adapting to newer styles and technologies it becomes imperative to question where historicity in architecture stands and how it may be responded to in today’s context. What is the most important factor to be evaluated when design a contemporary building in a dominant historic core and what role does architecture play in merging or creating a connect as well as a balance between the past present and the future. The fortified citadel of Golconda was the very first walled settlement of the city of Hyderabad, the seat of power to its founders the Qutb Shahis for nearly 2 centuries. The city’s founders are buried at the foot hills of the fort in Ibrahim Bagh- now the Qutb Shahi
Heritage Park. It is believed that a very physical connection (now spotted as a barren piece of land
sharing boundaries with the tombs wall and the fort wall) existed between the two heritage complexes that facilitated the funerary procession for the royals. Over the years due to neglect connection lost meaning only and form. This thesis therefore, aims to investigate and analyze this very site, its historical linkages as well as its relevance and significance in todays’ times to finally propose suggestive interventions that would seemingly fit in as appropriate contemporary urban insertions. The design proposal responds to the site at both an urban design level as well as an architecture point of view while emphasizing the need to create a centralized collective of resources about the Deccan and its varied layers of history and ecology for the general
public. The project aims at appropriately using all historical structures on site and ensuring visitor engagement to the maximum extent possible while minimizing ‘built’ interventions near and around historically and ecologically sensitive. Therefore, apart from the design conceptualization of built interventions in the form of a centre for Deccan heritage the design program also aims at creating ecological sensitivity so as to inform and preserve indigenous ecological elements of the site and the Deccan at large. This thesis though, is limited to borrowing concepts from the history and culture of the rule of the Qutb Shahi rulers alone and does not delve into the intricacies of other Deccan states. It is also limited to conceptualizing an appropriate and creative architectural program and does not impose policy driven strategies as is normally the case with precincts with strong historical character
A cultural hub for the city of Mattancherry
No full textCulture is a way of life practiced by certain group of people. It forms the identity of the society. It is dynamic and adapted to change. Architecture is the physical manifestation of the culture practiced. Changes in culture is visible in the architectural identity. Culturalrepresentation in architecture helps to crystallize certain forms of significant culture against the progress of time. This helps in preservation of that culture for awareness as well as one’s identity. In today’s time of globalization and internationalism, cultural representation in architecture has become all the more important to prevent monotonous environment and maintain diversity. Mattancherry was once a famous spice trading center. People from all over the world came to do business. Exchange spices. Many settled and made their home in Mattancherry. Over the due course of time Mattancherry got left behind in the process of development, it had become stagnant due to shift in trade increase in business opportunities outside of Mattancherry. Now Mattancherry has been classified as a cultural heritage core where it has become a melting pot enclose of cultures and communities that once made their home in Mattancherry. The quiet streets the abandoned warehouses that was once the origin of the city and the people who made their home is waiting for the missing bustle. The decaying culture and heritage of the city and its need to be acknowledged made it a potential candidate that bought itself, Kochi-Muziris Biennale, Asia’s largest art exhibition which debates cultures and art from all parts of the world. This has brought influx and people and the kind of bustle that was once missing but the locals in this case were left behind Hence, the thesis intends to propose a cultural hub that bring together the communities of Mattancherry and showcase the image of Mattancherry promoting its culture locally and globally
A case for Bhalswa
No full textBhalswa is one of Delhi’s three biggest dumpsites. Standing at a height of 50 metres, and having reached saturation in 2009, it creates the worst living conditions in the city for the 2- lakh people living in its vicinity. It pollutes the land, water and air all around, leaving communities around very vulnerable to diseases and poor health. Alongside the physical challenges, the people also face social stigma, poverty, and negligence from authorities and are pushed to the margins in the city. Any infrastructure present around is defunct and decayed, denying the communities basic healthcare, education and community facilities. Environmental degradation, social expulsion, institutional neglect, toxic habitat and extreme poverty- Bhalswa is unfit for habitation. All attempts to solve problems at Bhalswa are isolated from each other and manage to only make a momentary difference before the degraded systems take over them. There is no effort to look at the landscape in a holistic and consolidated manner. These broken systems fail to solve the very interwoven systems of problems at Bhalswa. A systems approach, both for mapping problems and their causes, and for devising solutions can ensure that these failing urban problems work together, and take all stakeholders into active consideration. Re-imagining urban resources as commons allow shared creation, responsibilities, and benefits for all members of society, to make an inclusive, productive and cooperative community. A system of Commons, as networks, integrates all parts of the urban scape, be it people, or built environment, or the open spaces and streets. These Commons Networks create robust and resilient systems of every urban element, woven with each other. Such an integrated strategy and approach will not let any system or urban elements go into neglect and decay, with community ownership and responsibility. Architecture then becomes a tool to facilitate local activities, and elevate people’s lives. The framework and justification laid out for built and unbuilt spaces can help create sensitive and impactful spaces, both small and large in scale. Surgical interventions and bigger developments can be decided as per required by the concept and context. This Thesis explores these ideas in the context of Bhalswa and attempts to demonstrate these strategies on a selected urban scape, designing built and unbuilt spaces, with tactical measures under the said urban framework. It attempts to create meaningful and impactful spaces, that can be a means to make a difference in people’s lives at Bhalswa. These strategies and methods can be developed to make guidelines that can be applied to similar urban contexts too
Tourism and everyday urbanism: negotiating the contestation in case of historic core of Udaipur
No full textTourism is an important, even vital, source of income for many regions and
countries. Increased leisure time and changes in lifestyle and consumption have
given renewed importance to tourism. Particularly for historic cities where tourism
acts as an important cultural and economic resource. Urban tourism affects cities
in an often subtle, yet pervasive manner. Tourism and urban everyday life are
deeply connected in a mutually constitutive way. As a result, the tourism shaping
the contemporary cities not only takes place at crowded sights, famous
museums, and designated neighborhoods, but pervades the city.
Tourism is conceived on global terms and manifests itself on local sites, creating
transformations in host territories, promoting new ways of using space and
modifying cultural landscapes as well as the territoriality of the tourism destination
called as touristification which means the process of change in urban forms and
functions derived from the implementation and growth of tourism activity.
Thus, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to resolving and understanding the
‘sites of conflicts’ or ‘contested landscapes’ between host community and tourist
visitors in the historic city tourist destinations. Using tourism to make better
places for people to live in and better places for people to visit. The aspiration is
to use the tourism rather to be used by it. This could be understood though series
of interrelated strands of work and analyzing them as the city has pursued and
proposing strategies in making tourist activities more sustainable.
For this purpose, the socio-cultural dimension of Udaipur will be examined which
has witnessed transformation at massive scale, changing the morphological
conditions, pattern of land use, zones of contact and sociability, public interaction,
and spatial narrative of the city. The handicrafts and other industries have
brought in migrants, creating a situation of touristification in the old clusters of the
city which leads to transformation. However, this transformation lacks holistic
understanding of the urban development, reflecting inadequacy to be able to
execute them in an integrated manner. While certain areas have managed to
attract the newer forms, the others still struggle to meet the required
infrastructural plug-ins Thus, the intend of this thesis is to holistically integrate the historic city and
tourism to become a tourist friendly hub that benefit both the locals and tourists
with tourism as a potential parameter resolving through urban design all sort of
conflicts or contestations that are present in the precinct. By reviving and
regenerating the precincts for improving the built and natural environment by
improving the wellbeing of locals and preserving the cultural identity, economic
development to rejuvenate the art and craft of the communities and to create
contextual design spaces that will address the territorial, temporal, and
experiential dynamics of space
Spatial integration of fragmented urban fabric: a case of Kakkanad city/ Antony Saju
No full textCities are spatial compositions of diverse activities which emerge as distinct urban
fabrics that changes with time and needs of the people. These built fabrics when
integrated properly creates a coherent urban landscape. But in contemporary
cities, it is visible that the due to globalization the cities are expanding
accommodating newer developments, functional zones which are spatially
disconnected from the surrounding areas resulting in fragmentation of the city.
Especially in peri-urban areas of developing countries like India, where rapid
urbanization brings in migration of people which impact the urban landscape of the
area and brings in new activities and functions, spatial fragmentation is a visible
phenomenon. The spatial fragmentation manifest on the built form creating locally
disconnected spaces, privatized public spaces, gate enclaves etc. This fragmented
landscape creates an unsustainable growth of the city, which has an impact on
social bonds, activity pattern of life of the people and ecology of the area.
The enquiry of the study is to understand the impact of fragmented spaces on the
social, spatial and ecological aspects of the city and importance of inclusive urban
spaces for maintaining a sense of pluralism in the city and producing coherent
urban canvas in modern cities. This could be understood through the analysis of
urban areas that has undergone rapid development and produced fragmented
urban fabric.
To understand this, we will explore and analyse the characteristic of developing
area of Kakkanad, Kochi, Kerala. The Kochi city has a long history starting from
spice trade network and developments happening in different time periods. The
Kakkanad site is located in the fringes of the city and has been subjected to rapid
urbanization in recent decades creating lot of pressure on the urban landscape.
The area is also ecologically sensitive area which consists of wetlands and
waterbodies. Newer developments, functional zones and enclaved spaces are coming up without any conscious effort of understanding the spatial dynamics and
relation to already existing urban fabric around it. This creates fragmented urban
landscape that is characterized by disconnected, impermeable and inactive
spaces. these spaces have now been reduced to incoherent urban entities which
are visually and functionally disconnected from rest of the area and impact the
biodiversity in the area.
Thus, the intend of the thesis is spatial integration of fragmented urban fabric both
spatially and ecologically through urban networks while responding to the natural
systems to provide urban cohesiveness and vitalizing the area. By strengthening
the relationship between people and urban spaces would allow the city to create
and form its own meaning from the fragments. Making the spaces accessible, both
physically and socially and develop strategies for spatial integration of the area
through Urban Design